The invention discloses a greenhouse direct seeding planting method of trollius ledebouri reichb in cold regions, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. The method aims to solve theproblems that trollius ledebouri reichb is long in planting period and low in yield. The direct seeding planting method comprises the steps that 1, farmyard manure is spread on the earth surface before plowing in a greenhouse, then shallow turning is carried out on soil, and seeding cells are built; 2, direct seeding is carried out after seed germination accelerating and disinfection, and seeds are evenly covered with overlying soil after seeding, wherein the overlying soil is prepared from black soil, peat soil and fine sand; 3, after pentagonal basal leaves grow, a seedling strengthening agent is sprayed, when the average plant height reaches 5-7 cm, a nitrogen fertilizer is applied for the first time, and in the seedling period, the nitrogen fertilizer is applied every 15-20 days untilblooming; 4, harvesting is carried out. A seed direct seeding method is used, so that transplanting is not needed, and time and labor are saved; the reasonable proportion of the overlying soil fully considers texture and tilth features of the soil, water and fertilizer supply is guaranteed, and the seed germination rate is improved; due to greenhouse planting, the planting period is greatly shortened, and the operability is high.