The invention relates to the field of 
petroleum seismic exploration, in particular to a method and a device for creating an earthquake 
big data storage application model, seismic data is 
cut into three parts, namely a file header, a 
data channel header and a data body, the data body is 
cut into data blocks according to requirements, and general file information is stored in a 
database; the data body is stored in a 
disk array, and 
data channel header information and index information are stored in a 
file system; the trace header keyword and the data body of the 
data information are separately stored, so that the flexibility of data calculation can be better reflected, the reading and writing times of the data are reduced, the index construction efficiency is greatly improved, the universality and the cross-platform type of seismic 
data format application are realized, a rapid and efficient index construction model is supported, and the dimension reduction storage of 
mass data is realized; distributed data reading and writing can be supported, and the feedback speed of the 
disk array in the data reading and writing process is greatly increased; by applying the local I / O cache, the data read-write efficiency is improved.