The invention provides a rotary tillage and fertilization seeder and relates to the field of rotary seeding machines. The rotary tillage and fertilization seeder comprises a rack, a seed manure box, arotary tillage assembly, a compression roller, a lifting frame and a gear box, wherein the rotary tillage assembly is installed below the front end of the rack, the compression roller is installed below the rear end of the rack, the seed manure box is installed above the middle of the rack, the gear box is arranged on the rack, and the rotary tillage assembly, the compression roller and the seedmanure box are in transmission connection with the gear box. The rotary tillage and fertilization seeder also comprises a rotary cutter roller, a rotary cutter roller supporting arm, a fan and a steelwire pipe, wherein the rotary cutter roller is fixed to the front end of the rack through the rotary cutter roller supporting arm and located at the front end of the rotary tillage assembly, the fanis fixed to the upper portion of the front end of the rack, the steel wire pipe is obliquely installed above the rear end of the rack and is arranged high in front portion and low in rear portion, anair outlet of the fan is communicated with an air inlet formed in the front side of the steel wire pipe, and an air inlet of the fan is located in the upper portion of the rotary cutter roller. The rotary tillage and fertilization seeder is reasonable in structural design and can collect straw smashed by a returning machine and chop and throw the straw behind the compression roller.