The invention belongs to the technical field of servo system model identification and motion control, and discloses a control-oriented permanent magnet synchronous linear motor system identification method, which comprises the steps of: S1, establishing a motor dynamic model; S2, considering an interference environment to obtain model comprehensive description; S3, identifying a positioning force; S4, identifying a friction force; S5, taking a chaotic signal as a driver input signal, and collecting motor speed and position signals; S6, after the influence of nonlinear factors is counteracted by the input signal, acquiring effective excitation, and identifying a linear link transfer function; and S7, completing servo control parameter setting in combination with an identification result. By analyzing the system working principle and the environmental influence, typical nonlinear factors are identified under a servo full-closed-loop condition, and on the basis of separating the typical nonlinear factors, linearized identification of remaining modules is achieved; the problems that a traditional linear identification method is low in identification precision, and a nonlinear identification method is unclear in control strategy and parameter design are solved.