The invention discloses a bolt connection interface micro-motion friction wear test device, which comprises an excitation system, a measurement system and a sample and support system, wherein the sample and support system comprises a bolt connection sample, a flexible guide plate, an outer support frame and a base; the excitation system comprises a piezoelectric actuator, a signal generator, a power amplifier, a knob and a force transferring ball; and the measurement system comprises a support block, a dynamic force sensor, a ring dynamic force sensor, a laser vibrometer, an optical lens, anda data collector. By using the piezoelectric actuator-driven closed-loop controlled high-precision bolt interface friction wear test device, broadband excitation, closed-loop control and precision optical displacement measurement are considered at the same time, friction wear test under various working conditions can be realized, and expansion to other connection forms and samples is easy. Besides, the device also has multiple protective measures to avoid equipment damage.