The invention provides a three-dimensional composite current collector and a preparation method thereof. The three-dimensional composite current collector provided by the invention comprises a copper foil base layer and a lithium battery negative electrode lithium-philic material coating coated on the copper foil base layer, wherein the lithium battery negative electrode lithium-philic material coating comprises a plurality of micron-sized three-dimensional spherical structures, and the lithium battery negative electrode lithium-philic material is composed of a carbon material, a lithium-philic metal oxide, a binder and a lithium salt. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing lithium battery negative electrode lithium-philic material slurry, then coating a copper foil base layer with the slurry to form a lithium battery negative electrode lithium-philic material coating, and preparing the lithium battery negative electrode three-dimensional composite current collector. According to the lithium battery negative electrode lithium-philic material, a copper foil is coated with a composite coating with a micron-sized three-dimensional spherical structure, so that the current density of a lithium metal negative electrode can be effectively reduced, the generation of lithium dendrites is effectively relieved and reduced, and the cycle performance and the safety performance of a lithium metal battery are improved.