The invention discloses a wire unwinding device for electric construction. The device comprises a mode adjusting button, a hub, a mechanical chain, a damper device, a wire unwinding disc, a limiting plate, a connecting rod, a metal bracket, a base and a controller; and the damper device is provided with a linkage trigger device, an ascending adjusting device, a turbine driving device, a transmission device, a friction speed reducing device, a movable adjusting device, a trigger startup device and a metal edge frame. The device has the following beneficial effects: the motion resistance can beprovided through the added damper device; and the wire unwinding tension is preferably controlled through a motion energy reducing device, and the wire unwinding tension of leads is always stabilizedat a critical value between deformation and no deformation, so that ultrafine leads are preferably protected, wires can be arranged at a wiring end more stably, the conditions of wire breakage and flight are reduced, the long-time ordered construction work is facilitated, and the construction period is shortened.