The invention discloses the preparation of imidazole type ionic liquid derived by cinchona alkaloid. The preparation is characterized by adopting quinine or cinchonine to modify 9-hydroxyl of the cinchona alkaloid; carrying out a replacement reaction on chloride salt of obtained imidazole type ionic liquid and inorganic metal salt; preparing imidazole type ionic liquid catalysts of different anions. Compared with the prior art, the preparation disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the catalytic activity is high, the catalysts are easily separated and recycled and can be reused again, the preparation is simple, post-processing is easy, the stability of the catalysts is greatly increased, the application range of the catalysts in a micromolecular organic asymmetric reaction is expanded, reaction conditions are optimized, reaction requirements are reduced, the catalytic activity and the enantioselectivity of a chiral imidazole type ionic liquid catalyst in an asymmetric reaction are further increased, and great significance is obtained for researching medicinal chemistry and medical intermediate compounds.