The invention provides a construction method of straddle-type monorail track beams, comprising the steps of 1) hoisting track beams, to be specific, constructing a cap, constructing pier posts, constructing cap beams, setting up supports, transporting the track beams in position, mounting stabilizer hoops and hoist hoops, mounting temporary bearings and permanent bearings, hoisting, mounting temporary fixtures, and loosening hoist ropes; 2) mounting the track beams, to be specific, adjusting line shape of the track beams, welding post-cast segment steel plates, constructing a post-cast segment, casting fulcrum crosspieces between the track beams of left and right lines, constructing mid-span cross tie beams, and removing the temporary fixtures, the temporary bearings and the supports. Theconstruction method enables the problem to be solved that fulcrums, temporary supports, temporary fixations and linear adjustments are difficult during track beam hoisting, is adaptive to setup and mounting of track beams of different specifications and track beams at complex terrains, and has low construction safety risk.