The invention relates to the fields of marine environment monitoring and optical-fiber sensing technology, and particularly to a marine multi-parameter integrated monitoring system based on a micro-nano optical-fiber half coupler and a method. The monitoring system includes a tunable wavelength scanning light source, an optical-fiber isolator, a 1x4 tunable optical switch, a CTD sensor, a magnetic-field sensor, a humidity sensor ,a harmful-gas sensor, a photodetector No.1, a photodetector No.2, a photodetector No.3, a photodetector No.4, a collection card and a signal processing computer. Thesystem of the invention has the advantages of a simple structure, low costs, high sensitivity, multi-parameter integrated sensing, high integration, convenient deployment, high data compatibility andthe like, and effectively satisfies multi-parameter integrated monitoring and information processing application demand of marine environments. The system is an optical-fiber sensing system, can be convenient for integration with an existing optical-fiber hydrophone system, and then provides a real-time in-situ high-precision marine dynamic environment guarantee.