The invention discloses an automatic tunnel drilling machine and method. The drilling machine comprises a track vehicle chassis, a control supporting box, a hydraulic control box, a central supportingshaft, a transverse shaft, an electric drill, a positioning detection mechanism and an electric drill fine-adjusting device, wherein a drill bit of the electric drill is provided with a limiting sensor and a speed sensor. The method comprises the steps that 1, hole position marks are arranged; 2, the drilling machine executes automatic drilling in a tunnel section; 3, the drilling machine executes automatic tunnel drilling; 4, troubleshooting is executed. Movement of the drilling machine in the length direction of a tunnel is achieved through the track vehicle chassis, coarse alignment for drilling is achieved, the bearing capacity is large, fine alignment for drilling is achieved through a planar movement mechanism, control is simple, microcosmic fine alignment for drilling is achieved through the cooperation of a dip angle adjusting oil hydraulic cylinder and a main oil cylinder, effort is saved, operation is accurate, labor is saved, the safety risk and construction difficulty arereduced, a large amount of dust is prevented from being inhaled during manual operation, and the harm to body health of constructors and unnecessary personal injuries are decreased.