The invention provides a tab/adhesive tape position detection system and method based on a CCD. The system comprises an optical imaging system and an image processing system, wherein the optical system comprises a CCD camera, an illumination part and an installing part, the CCD camera is arranged on the side of a tab walking track and coincides with the normal direction of a target detecting position, the illumination part corresponds to the CCD camera and is used for providing an illumination environment for work of the CCD camera, and the installing part is connected with the CCD camera andthe illumination part. The method comprises the steps that S1, an image of the target detecting position is acquired and is fed back to the image processing system; S2, the acquired image is preprocessed, then the positions of a tab and an adhesive tape of a cell cell are detected and are compared with corresponding threshold values respectively according to detected relative positions, and judgement is made. The image of the protective adhesive tap bonded on the tab is acquired by utilizing a CCD imaging mode, quick and accurate detection of the adhesive tape position is achieved through processing of the image processing system, and accordingly the quality of the cell cell is ensured.