1665results about How to "Low cost manufacturing" patented technology

A display pixel unit provides reduced capacitative coupling between a pixel electrode and a source line. The unit includes a transistor, the pixel electrode, and the source line. The source line includes an extension that provides a source for the transistor. A patterned conductive portion is disposed adjacent to the source line.

Provided are optical devices and systems fabricated, at least in part, via printing-based assembly and integration of device components. In specific embodiments the present invention provides light emitting systems, light collecting systems, light sensing systems and photovoltaic systems comprising printable semiconductor elements, including large area, high performance macroelectronic devices. Optical systems of the present invention comprise semiconductor elements assembled, organized and / or integrated with other device components via printing techniques that exhibit performance characteristics and functionality comparable to single crystalline semiconductor based devices fabricated using conventional high temperature processing methods. Optical systems of the present invention have device geometries and configurations, such as form factors, component densities, and component positions, accessed by printing that provide a range of useful device functionalities. Optical systems of the present invention include devices and device arrays exhibiting a range of useful physical and mechanical properties including flexibility, shapeability, conformability and stretchablity.

Abstract of Disclosure A MIMO radio transceiver to support processing of multiple signals for simultaneous transmission via corresponding ones of a plurality of antennas and to support receive processing of multiple signals detected by corresponding ones of the plurality of antennas. The radio transceiver provides, on a single semiconductor integrated circuit, a receiver circuit or path for each of a plurality of antennas and a transmit circuit or path for each of the plurality of antennas. Each receiver circuit downconverts the RF signal detected by its associated antenna to a baseband signal. Similarly, each transmit path upconverts a baseband signal to be transmitted by an assigned antenna.

An imaging device has a zoom lens system having a plurality of lens units and forming an optical image of an object so as to continuously optically zoom by varying distances between the lens unit; and an image sensor converting the optical image formed by the zoom lens system to an electric signal. The zoom lens system has from an object side, a first lens unit being overall negative and including a reflecting surface that bends a luminous flux substantially 90 degrees; and a second lens unit disposed with a variable air distance from the first lens unit, and having an optical power, and wherein at least one lens element made of resin is included in the entire lens system.

A suction bell assembly, and an elastomeric liner therefor, are disclosed in which the bell includes a rigid outer shell (10,310) of generally Y-shaped axial cross section with a conical top portion (101) and a cylindrical body portion (106). A thin, flexible, elastic liner (11) is disposed within the shell and has a conical and preferably corrugated upper portion (111) disposed within the conical top portion of the shell and a peripheral lip (114) for sealingly engaging a rim (19) extending about the shell's top portion. The liner also includes an elongated tubular portion 112 spaced normally inwardly from the shell's inner surface, the tubular portion including a resilient annular flange (119) that sealingly engages a shoulder at the lower end of the shell to maintain the liner in an axially stretched and tensioned state. one-way valve means (13,43) is formed integrally with the liner and is disposed at the lower end of the tubular portion below the flange (119). The valve means (13,43) includes a calotte-shaped closure portion (131) having at least one slit (28,438,439) to permit the passage of milk downwardly through the lower end of the liner. In preferred embodiments, each slit (28,438,439) has offset but communicating inner and outer portions (28a,28b,438a,438b, 439a,439b). Means are also disclosed for allowing swivel action of the shell (310) in relation to a connector (32) for detachably connecting the suction bell to a milk-collecting bottle.

A method for manufacturing a device, includes: (A) forming a first electrode layer on a substrate; (B) forming a ferroelectric layer on the first electrode layer; (C) forming a second electrode layer on the ferroelectric layer; (D) forming a mask having a predetermined pattern on the second electrode layer; (E) forming a memory element by selectively removing the first electrode layer, the ferroelectric layer, and the second electrode layer using the mask; and (F) removing the mask, where at least, the processes (D) and (E), or the processes (E) and (F) are continuously performed under a reduced pressure.

The present invention provides a displacement detection apparatus uses short scales and can provide a long measurable range comparable to a single long scale with a short bed length. The displacement detection apparatus includes a scale, a first head and a second head adapted to detect periodic analog signals of a plurality of different types, a first processing section and a second processing section that detects the first differential value and the second differential value between the immediately preceding positional data and the current positional data obtained by sampling the periodic analog signals of a plurality of different types, a switching section that selectively switches from the first differential value to the second differential value or vice versa, a scale position detection section that detects the scale getting to a predetermined position relative to the first head or a predetermined position relative to the second head, a switching control section that causes the switching section to switch from either of the differential values to the other in response to the detection of the scale getting to the predetermined position, and an addition section that adds the first differential value or the second differential value selectively switched by the switching control section and outputting it as positional information.

Provided are solar cells, photovoltaics and related methods for making solar cells, wherein the solar cell is made of ultrathin solar grade or low quality silicon. In an aspect, the invention is a method of making a solar cell by providing a solar cell substrate having a receiving surface and assembling a printable semiconductor element on the receiving surface of the substrate via contact printing. The semiconductor element has a thickness that is less than or equal to 100 μm and, for example, is made from low grade Si.

The present invention provides optical devices and systems fabricated, at least in part, via printing-based assembly and integration of device components. In specific embodiments the present invention provides light emitting systems, light collecting systems, light sensing systems and photovoltaic systems comprising printable semiconductor elements, including large area, high performance macroelectronic devices. Optical systems of the present invention comprise semiconductor elements assembled, organized and / or integrated with other device components via printing techniques that exhibit performance characteristics and functionality comparable to single crystalline semiconductor based devices fabricated using conventional high temperature processing methods. Optical systems of the present invention have device geometries and configurations, such as form factors, component densities, and component positions, accessed by printing that provide a range of useful device functionalities. Optical systems of the present invention include devices and device arrays exhibiting a range of useful physical and mechanical properties including flexibility, shapeability, conformability and stretchability. Optical systems of the present invention include, however, devices and device arrays provided on conventional rigid or semi-rigid substrates, in addition to devices and device arrays provided on flexible, shapeable and / or stretchable substrates.

An injectable medicament dispenser for use in controllably dispensing fluid medicaments such as insulin, antibiotics, oncolytics and the like from a prefilled container at a uniform rate. The dispenser includes a unique stored energy source in the form of a compressively deformable, polymeric elastomeric member that provides the force necessary to controllably discharge the medicament from the prefilled container which is housed within the body of the device. After having been deformed, the polymeric, elastomeric member will return to its starting configuration in a highly predictable manner.

The present invention provides device components geometries and fabrication strategies for enhancing the electronic performance of electronic devices based on thin films of randomly oriented or partially aligned semiconducting nanotubes. In certain aspects, devices and methods of the present invention incorporate a patterned layer of randomly oriented or partially aligned carbon nanotubes, such as one or more interconnected SWNT networks, providing a semiconductor channel exhibiting improved electronic properties relative to conventional nanotubes-based electronic systems.

To provide an electromechanical signal selection device which can be miniaturized and highly integrated and which can selectively output only a signal of a predetermined frequency without providing any sensitive vibration sensing mechanism, and electric equipment using the electromechanical signal selection device. A micro-vibrator serving as a resonator is provided. The micro-vibrator can be excited by an external force to excite vibration of the micro-vibrator. A material whose physical property is changed in accordance with a structural change is used as the micro-vibrator. Thus, a sensitive electromechanical signal selection device is obtained.

Provided are solar cells, photovoltaics and related methods for making solar cells, wherein the solar cell is made of ultrathin solar grade or low quality silicon. In an aspect, the invention is a method of making a solar cell by providing a solar cell substrate having a receiving surface and assembling a printable semiconductor element on the receiving surface of the substrate via contact printing. The semiconductor element has a thickness that is less than or equal to 100 μm and, for example, is made from low grade Si.

Building-integrated photovoltaic devices can be provided, which function as sensors, wherein the output parameters from the device are used to provide information about light intensity and ambient temperature, in addition to providing power, to an intelligent building energy management system.

A tandem cell or photoelectrochemical system for the cleavage of water to hydrogen and oxygen by visible light has two superimposed photocells, both cells being connected electrically. The photoactive material in the top cell is a semiconducting oxide placed in contact with an aqueous solution. This semiconducting oxide absorbs the blue and green part of the solar emission spectrum of a light source or light sources and generates with the energy collected oxygen and protons from water. The not absorbed yellow and red light transmits the top cell and enters a second photocell, the bottom cell, which is mounted, in the direction of the light behind, preferably directly behind the top cell. The bottom cell includes a dye-sensitized mesoporous photovoltaic film. The bottom cell converts the yellow, red and near infrared portion of the sunlight to drive the reduction of the protons, which are produced in the top cell during the photo catalytic water oxidation process, to hydrogen.

A lens system including a first substantially hemispherical lens, a second spherical lens and a third substantially hemispherical lens. The lenses are held together by a bonding material such as epoxy, which may also include a light absorbing dye. The invention also relates to a low-cost method of manufacturing the lens system out of glass, using low cost glass ball lenses to create the hemispherical lenses.

The present invention describes the method of making anionic ether sulfate surfactants by alkoxylation of a GA using PO and / or EO followed by a sulfation reaction. The GA of the present invention is made by a facile and inexpensive method that involves high temperature base catalyzed dimerization of a linear alcohol. The ether sulfate surfactants of the present invention find uses in EOR applications where it is used for solubilization and mobilization of oil and for environmental cleanup.

This invention relates to an electrophoretic display comprising a transparent top viewing electrode, a bottom electrode and a plurality of isolated cells having well-defined size, shape and aspect ratio, said cells filled with charged pigment particles dispersed in a dielectric solvent or solvent mixture, and a color filter placed with the top transparent electrode.

The present invention provides a displacement detection apparatus uses short scales and can provide a long measurable range comparable to a single long scale with a short bed length. The displacement detection apparatus includes a scale, a first head and a second head adapted to detect periodic analog signals of a plurality of different types, a first processing section and a second processing section that detects the first differential value and the second differential value between the immediately preceding positional data and the current positional data obtained by sampling the periodic analog signals of a plurality of different types, a switching section that selectively switches from the first differential value to the second differential value or vice versa, a scale position detection section that detects the scale getting to a predetermined position relative to the first head or a predetermined position relative to the second head, a switching control section that causes the switching section to switch from either of the differential values to the other in response to the detection of the scale getting to the predetermined position, and an addition section that adds the first differential value or the second differential value selectively switched by the switching control section and outputting it as positional information.

A stackable, collapsible container for flowable materials. The container utilizes an outer container and a flexible inner liner retained by a base, a top and a plurality of support poles. The support poles are retained in a plurality of holes in the base provided with a plurality of wedges to secure the holes against lateral movement. Providing wedges within tapered holes facilitates the compression molding of the depth of holes required for adequately supporting the support poles.

A geometrically modifiable resonator is comprised of a resonator disposed on a substrate, and a means for geometrically modifying the resonator. The geometrically modifiable resonator can achieve active optical and / or electronic control of the frequency response in metamaterials and / or frequency selective surfaces, potentially with sub-picosecond response times. Additionally, the methods taught here can be applied to discrete geometrically modifiable circuit components such as inductors and capacitors. Principally, controlled conductivity regions, using either reversible photodoping or voltage induced depletion activation, are used to modify the geometries of circuit components, thus allowing frequency tuning of resonators without otherwise affecting the bulk substrate electrical properties. The concept is valid over any frequency range in which metamaterials are designed to operate.

A low cost, scalable backplane for black and white or color optical displays comprises a multi-membrane plastic structure on which is printed or deposited row and column drivers to form a matrix of micro electromechanical (MEM) switches. Each switch controls the state of a pixel in the optical display device. Critical to successful long-term operation, the backplane includes the controlled application of voltages to each switch so that the display functions correctly and display life is maximized. The MEM switches include a substantially non-pliable membrane and a substantially flexible membrane both of which include electrodes that when energized will create electrostatic forces that attracts the flexible membrane to the non-pliable membrane. The MEM switches are manufactured in an array with a pitch that provides a sufficient number of switches to drive an optical display device and each switch may be latched to eliminate the need to constantly refresh the device.

The invention relates to a closure cap for a container for receiving medical liquids, in particular a BFS vial which is produced by a blow-fill seal process, and to a BFS container with such a closure cap. The closure cap according to the invention has a cover part and an edge part, with an injection part arranged in the cover part. The injection part has an outwardly directed connection part with a conical recess for receiving the cone stem of a needleless injection syringe in a seal-forming manner, and an inwardly directed closure part which has a self-sealing membrane for closing the recess of the connection part. The self-sealing membrane is slotted. The closure cap according to the invention allows a liquid to be injected without use of an injection needle.

A die bonding portion is metallically bonded by well-conductive Cu metal powders with a maximum particle diameter of about 15 μm to 200 μm and adhesive layers of Ag, and minute holes are evenly dispersed in a joint layer. With this structure, the reflow resistance of about 260° C. and reliability under thermal cycle test can be ensured without using lead.

A Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) and its fabrication are taught which incorporate a high contrast grating (HCG) to replace the top mirror of the device and which can operate at long-wavelengths, such as beyond 0.85 μm. The HCG beneficially provides a high degree of polarization differentiation and provides optical containment in response to lensing by the HCG. The device incorporates a quantum well active layer, a tunnel junction, and control of aperture width using ion implantation. A tunable VCSEL is taught which controls output wavelength in response to controlling a micro-mechanical actuator coupled to a HCG top mirror which can be moved to, or from, the body of the VCSEL. A fabrication process for the VCSEL includes patterning the HCG using a wet etching process, and highly anisotropic wet etching while precisely controlling temperature and PH.

A mask used when a semiconductor wafer is diced into individual semiconductor chips by plasma etching is formed as follows. First, a pattern of a liquid-repellent film is formed by printing a liquid-repellent liquid on the area to be etched on the rear surface of the semiconductor wafer. Next, a resin film thicker than the liquid-repellent film is formed in the area not having the liquid-repellent film by supplying a liquid resin to the rear surface on which the liquid-repellent pattern has been formed. Then, the resin film is cured to form the mask covering the area other than the area to be removed by the etching. This method allows the formation of an etching mask without using a high-cost method such as photolithography.

Steering arrangement for a trailer, with a hitch (8) connected with a chassis (17) of the trailer (2), a trailer coupling (4), by which the hitch (8) can be coupled to a tractor (1) in an articulated fashion by forming a composition (3) comprising the tractor (1) and the trailer (2), a drive (24) which is at least indirectly coupled with the trailer coupling (4), by which the articulation angle (α) of the composition (3) can be varied during reverse travel, and a controller (25) coupled with the drive (24), by which the drive (24) can be controlled, wherein the hitch (8) is supported on the chassis (17) for movement in the transverse direction (16) of the trailer (2) and is movable by the drive (24) in this direction relative to the chassis (17).