263results about How to "Small mass" patented technology

Electrochemical cells, and more specifically, rechargeable batteries comprising lithium anodes for use in water and / or air environments, as well as non-aqueous and non-air environments, are presented. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes an anode comprising lithium and a multi-layered structure positioned between the anode and an electrolyte of the cell. A multi-layered structure can include at least a first single-ion conductive material layer (e.g., a lithiated metal layer), and at least a first polymeric layer positioned between the anode and the single-ion conductive material. The invention also can provide an electrode stabilization layer positioned within the electrode, i.e., between one portion and another portion of an electrode, to control depletion and re-plating of electrode material upon charge and discharge of a battery. Advantageously, electrochemical cells comprising combinations of structures described herein are not only compatible with environments that are typically unsuitable for lithium, but the cells may be also capable of displaying long cycle life, high lithium cycling efficiency, and high energy density.

A magnetically-levitated blood pump with an optimization method that enables miniaturization and supercritical operation. The blood pump includes an optimized annular blood gap that increases blood flow and also provides a reduction in bearing stiffness among the permanent magnet bearings. Sensors are configured and placed optimally to provide space savings for the motor and magnet sections of the blood pump. Rotor mass is increased by providing permanent magnet placement deep within the rotor enabled by a draw rod configuration.

Electrode protection in electrochemical cells, and more specifically, electrode protection in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrochemical cells, including rechargeable lithium batteries, are presented. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes an anode comprising lithium and a multi-layered structure positioned between the anode and an electrolyte of the cell. A multi-layered structure can include at least a first single-ion conductive material layer (e.g., a lithiated metal layer), and at least a first polymeric layer positioned between the anode and the single-ion conductive material. The invention also can provide an electrode stabilization layer positioned within the electrode, i.e., between one portion and another portion of an electrode, to control depletion and re-plating of electrode material upon charge and discharge of a battery. Advantageously, electrochemical cells comprising combinations of structures described herein are not only compatible with environments that are typically unsuitable for lithium, but the cells may be also capable of displaying long cycle life, high lithium cycling efficiency, and high energy density.

An impact driver in which a drill mode can be selected without fail is provided. In a hammer case, a connecting sleeve is provided so as to be slidable back and forth. At the backward position, the connecting sleeve engages with only a first engaging tooth provided on the outer circumference of the hammer for rotating integrally. At the forward position, it engages with both the first engaging tooth of the hammer and a second engaging tooth of an anvil for rotating integrally with both of them, and thus a drill mode is obtained. Further, an operating bolt is provided in the hammer case to be inserted into a concave groove of the connecting sleeve through a guide groove formed in the hammer case. The operating bolt slides the connecting sleeve to the forward or backward position by its movement in the guide groove.

An impact driver in which a drill mode can be selected without fail is provided. In a hammer case, a connecting sleeve is provided so as to be slidable back and forth. At the backward position, the connecting sleeve engages with only a first engaging tooth provided on the outer circumference of the hammer for rotating integrally. At the forward position, it engages with both the first engaging tooth of the hammer and a second engaging tooth of an anvil for rotating integrally with both of them, and thus a drill mode is obtained. Further, an operating bolt is provided in the hammer case to be inserted into a concave groove of the connecting sleeve through a guide groove formed in the hammer case. The operating bolt slides the connecting sleeve to the forward or backward position by its movement in the guide groove.

A stereo camera system in a motor vehicle, in particular for classifying objects and determining distance. In order to ensure secure installation and precise positioning of the camera system, in particular fixing of its lateral position, the camera system is provided with at least two camera modules, and a mount, in which camera modules are installed at a specified lateral distance apart, the mount being cemented to the inside of the windshield.

A Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) and its fabrication are taught which incorporate a high contrast grating (HCG) to replace the top mirror of the device and which can operate at long-wavelengths, such as beyond 0.85 μm. The HCG beneficially provides a high degree of polarization differentiation and provides optical containment in response to lensing by the HCG. The device incorporates a quantum well active layer, a tunnel junction, and control of aperture width using ion implantation. A tunable VCSEL is taught which controls output wavelength in response to controlling a micro-mechanical actuator coupled to a HCG top mirror which can be moved to, or from, the body of the VCSEL. A fabrication process for the VCSEL includes patterning the HCG using a wet etching process, and highly anisotropic wet etching while precisely controlling temperature and PH.

Various configurations of micromachined optomechanical switching cells are disclosed herein. In accordance with the invention, an optomechanical switching cell is provided which includes an actuator positioned on a substrate and a mirror coupled to the actuator. The switching cell also includes an electrode disposed upon the substrate under the actuator. An insulator may also be interposed between the substrate and the electrode. In another aspect of the present invention the switching cell includes a latch having a first end region connected to the substrate and a second end region engaged by the mirror.

A microelectromechanical heating apparatus and fluid preconcentrator device utilizing same wherein heating elements of the apparatus are sized and spaced to substantially uniformly heat a heating chamber within a heater of the apparatus. Tall, thermally-isolated heating elements are fabricated in Si using high aspect ratio etching technology. These tall heating elements have large surface area to provide large adsorbent capacity needed for high efficiency preconcentrators in a micro gas chromatography system (μGC). The tall heating elements are surrounded by air gaps to provide good thermal isolation, which is important for a low power preconcentrator in the μGC system.

Various configurations of optomechanical matrix and broadcast switches are disclosed herein. One such optomechanical matrix switch includes a substrate and a plurality of optomechanical switching cells coupled thereto. Each of the optomechanical switching cells includes a mirror and an actuator. The matrix switch further includes an array of collimator elements, each of the collimator elements being in optical alignment with one of the optomechanical switching cells. Also disclosed herein is a distributed matrix switch including first and second optomechanical matrix switches. The first and second optomechanical matrix switches respectively include first and second pluralities of optomechanical switching cells mounted upon first and second substrates. A collimator array is interposed between the first and second matrix switches in optical alignment with the first and second pluralities of optomechanical switching cells.

A highly effective and also inert active penetrator, an active projectile, an active airborne body or an active multipurpose projectile with a constructively adjustable or settable relationship between penetrating power and lateral effect. The end ballistic total effect which is obtained from the penetrating depth and covering the surface or stressing of the surface is initiated in an active case by means of a releasable arrangement or installation which is independent of the position of the active body.

A number of micromachined optomechanical switching cells and matrix switches including such switching cells are disclosed herein. One optomechanical switching cell of the present invention includes a parallel plate actuator positioned on a substrate. A mirror coupled to the actuator is disposed to selectively redirect an incident optical beam. The present invention also contemplates an optomechanical matrix switch including a substrate and a plurality of optomechanical switching cells coupled thereto. The matrix switch further includes an arrangement for monitoring the optical power incident upon, and output by, the matrix switch.

The invention provides a compact patch antenna having a cavity underneath the driver patch, so that the electromagnetic volume of the antenna is expanded without increasing the overall area of the antenna. More specifically, the compact patch antenna comprises a base layer having a cavity, a ground plane located on the base layer, and having an opening over at least a portion of the cavity, a substrate located on the ground plane, and a driver patch located on the substrate. The invention further provides a method for constructing a compact patch antenna, comprising the steps of providing a base layer having a cavity, providing a ground plane located on the base layer, and having an opening over at least a portion of the cavity, providing a substrate located on the ground plane, and providing a driver patch located on the substrate.

A mass flowmeter is provided which operates on the Coriolis principle, having (1) at least four measurement tubes which can oscillate and through which a medium can flow, (2) at least one oscillation generator for excitation of the oscillations of the measurement tube, and (3) at least one oscillation sensor for detection of the excited oscillations of the measurement tubes. The measurement tubes are preferably arranged closely in parallel such that the flow cross section covered by the measurement tubes covers as small an area as possible. The use of four or more compactly arranged measurement tubes advantageously allows for the measurement of a high mass flow rate with measurement tubes having a relatively small cross section and length, resulting in a mass flowmeter having compact length and width dimensions, and which requires only a relatively low energy oscillation generator for excitation of the oscillations of the measurement tubes.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an air treatment assembly including a sorbent, such as a carbon fiber cloth, for cleansing circulating indoor air of VOCs. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the air treatment assembly is provided and may be configured for in-situ regeneration, using outside air to flush a sorbent and purge the air treatment assembly in a repeatable adsorption-regeneration cycle, allowing a relatively small mass of sorbent to be used for an extended period of time.

A display device, particularly a plasma display device, low in cost and small in mass, having a display panel capable of being prevented from deforming even upon application of an external force to the front panel. A plasma display device includes an exterior housing by the provision of a frame-formed front panel and a back cover, to provide a PDP within the same. A module plate and a heat sink are provided in a back of the PDP and fixed to the PDP. The heat sink is in a squared-U form that one plate is bent perpendicular twice, having a portion fixed to the PDP and another portion abutting against a backside of the front panel. A gap is provided between a functional film put on a front-side substrate of the PDP and the front panel.

A linear motor for optical systems, for example, endoscopes, is described. The motor has a stator with a magnetic guiding member and two adjacently disposed coils which are energized in opposite directions. Furthermore permanent magnets polarized in opposite directions and in the axial direction are provided on both sides of the pair of coils. The armature of the motor comprises a permanent magnet which is polarized in the opposite direction to the permanent magnet of the stator and is connected to a pole piece at each end. The pole pieces are arranged so that in the rest position each pole piece lies at the centre of one of the coils. By applying current to the coil, the armature can be displaced from a rest position in the longitudinal direction.

Electrode protection in electrochemical cells, and more specifically, electrode protection in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrochemical cells, including rechargeable lithium batteries, are presented. In one embodiment, an electrochemical cell includes an anode comprising lithium and a multi-layered structure positioned between the anode and an electrolyte of the cell. A multi-layered structure can include at least a first single-ion conductive material layer (e.g., a lithiated metal layer), and at least a first polymeric layer positioned between the anode and the single-ion conductive material. The invention also can provide an electrode stabilization layer positioned within the electrode, i.e., between one portion and another portion of an electrode, to control depletion and re-plating of electrode material upon charge and discharge of a battery. Advantageously, electrochemical cells comprising combinations of structures described herein are not only compatible with environments that are typically unsuitable for lithium, but the cells may be also capable of displaying long cycle life, high lithium cycling efficiency, and high energy density.

Sending a data stream from a sending endpoint to a receiving endpoint, wherein both of the sending endpoint and the receiving endpoint each have multiple physical interfaces connecting the sending endpoint and the receiving endpoint to multiple networks, respectively, is provided. The data stream is split into a series of data packets and sent over the multiple physical interfaces. A next available data packet of the series is sent over a fastest one of the multiple physical interfaces. A data packet from further back in the series is extracted in accordance with a determined expected difference in arrival time, and sent on a corresponding slower one of the multiple physical interfaces. The next available data packet is sent from the sending endpoint nearly simultaneously as the extracted data packet is sent from the sending endpoint.

Disclosed are soft, high refractive index, acrylic device materials. The materials contain a hydrophilic side-chain macromer for glistening resistance.

The object of the present invention is to provide a compact lightweight heat pump hot-water supply system. The hot-water supply system heats water through heat exchange between high-temperature refrigerant of a heat pump circuit and water of a water circulating circuit. The system is an instantaneous water heater unit for instantaneously heating, at a water heat exchanger, water supplied through a water supply pipe and supplying hot water to a using end unit. In this system, therefore, large-capacity hot-water storage tank in conventional systems is no longer needed. Sufficient heat of condensation to heat water can not be produced, because pressure conditions of the heat pump circuit is not stabilized just after the start of operation. Therefore, during a short period of rising time, hot water stored in a hot-water supply tank and water from the water heat exchanger are mixed and the mixture is supplied to keep the hot water at a preset temperature. It is, therefore, possible to downsize the hot-water supply tank.

Various 3-port and 4-port micromachined optomechanical matrix switches are disclosed herein. In accordance with one aspect of the invention there is provided an optomechanical matrix switch including a substrate and a first plurality of optomechanical switching cells coupled thereto. Each of the first plurality of optomechanical switching cells is arranged to be in optical alignment with a first input port. A second plurality of optomechanical switching cells is also coupled to the substrate, each of the second plurality of optomechanical switching cells being in optical alignment with a second input port. In another aspect of the present invention an optomechanical matrix switch is provided which includes a substrate and a first plurality of optomechanical switching cells coupled thereto. Each of the first plurality of optomechanical switching cells is placed in optical alignment with one of a corresponding first plurality of input ports and with one of a corresponding first plurality of output ports. The matrix switch further includes a second plurality of optomechanical switching cells coupled to the substrate. Each of the second plurality of optomechanical switching cells is placed in optical alignment with one of a corresponding second plurality input ports and with one of a corresponding second plurality of output ports.

The invention is directed to a method and an arrangement for cleaning optical surfaces of reflection optics which are arranged in a plasma-based radiation source or exposure device arranged downstream and contaminated by debris particles emitted by a hot plasma of the radiation source. It is the object of the invention to find a novel possibility for in-situ cleaning of the optical surfaces of reflection optics which are contaminated by debris in plasma-based radiation sources so as to allow an integrated generation of known gas radicals and the isotropic distribution thereof on the contaminated optical surfaces. According to the invention, this object is met in that the gas radicals are generated by dielectrically impeded discharge between two surface electrodes along the entire optical surface. The gas radicals are generated almost exclusively by electron transfer on at least one barrier layer which covers the entire surface of at least one of the surface electrodes, an AC voltage in the Hz to kHz range is applied to the surface electrodes for periodically eliminating the charge polarization at the barrier layer so that a cold plasma is generated continuously and the deposited debris particles are removed as gaseous reaction products by the gas flow guided over the optical surface.

An aircraft cabin panel for sound absorption, with a sandwich construction, comprising a core layer that comprises a plurality of tube-like or honeycomb-like cells that extend in an open manner across the thickness of the core layer and that are separated from each other by cell walls and that are uniform in design. A first cover layer faces away from the sound field, as well as a second cover layer that faces towards the sound field and that comprises a plurality of perforation holes and adjacent cells are interconnected by way of apertures in the cell walls. The perforation of the second cover layer comprises a distance (b) between holes, which distance exceeds the opening width (c) of the cells of the core layer, wherein the first cover layer is closed and wherein the cell walls comprise a perforation so that they are acoustically transparent in the direction parallel to the cover layers.

A heated fuel injector includes a heated body, liquid fuel flowing through a fuel passage within the body, and a member that increases heat transfer from the heated body to the fuel within the fuel passage. The thermal efficiency of the fuel injector is increased separately or in combination by diverting the fuel flow along an inner circumferential contour of the heated body, by limiting the volume of fuel bypassing the heated inner surface of the body, by redirecting heat from the body to unheated portions of the fuel flow field within the fuel passage, and by increasing the available contact surface area for heat transfer. Improved heat transfer from the heated body to the fuel is achieved by integrating features that increase the contact surface area into the inside surface of the body or by positioning an insulating or a thermally conductive spacer within the fuel passage.

A fluidically-controlled valve is provided. The fluidically-controlled valve includes a main flow channel with a main flow entrance, a flow exit and a constricted channel section located between the main flow entrance and the flow exit. The fluidically-controlled valve also includes a control flow channel including a jet forming control entrance, a first branch channel, a second branch channel, a common channel section, and a convex channel wall. The common channel section follows the control entrance, the first branch channel emerges from the common channel section and leads to the main flow entrance, the second branch channel emerges from the common channel section and leads to the constricted channel section, and the convex channel wall extends from the common channel section into the first branch channel. The fluidically-controlled valve can be used in bypasses present in turbines or in swirlers of gas turbine combustors.

Methods and apparatus for providing a stage with a relatively high positioning bandwidth and low transmissibility are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for positioning a stage including providing a first force of a first magnitude to the stage using a primary actuator and providing a second force of a second magnitude to the stage using a secondary actuator. The first force is arranged to cause the stage to translate along a first axis. The secondary actuator is also arranged to cause the stage to translate along the first axis, and has a relatively high positioning bandwidth. The first force is arranged to enable the stage to be relatively coarsely positioned and the second force is arranged to enable the stage to be relatively finely positioned. In one embodiment, the secondary actuator is one of a voice coil motor and a piezoelectric motor.

An integrated turbocharger / manifold (100) for an internal combustion engine comprises an inner ductwork (111-115, 120, 121, 125) and a turbine housing (130, 131). An outer shell (200, 210) covers a majority of the ductwork (111-115, 120, 121, 125) and the turbine housing (130, 131). A method for manufacturing the integrated turbocharger / manifold comprising an inner ductwork (111-115, 120, 121, 125), a turbine housing (130, 131), a manifold inlet flange (110), a bearing housing flange (150), a turbine outlet flange (144), and two outer shell portions (200, 210) includes a first production stage wherein the manifold inlet flange (110), the bearing housing flange (150), and the turbine outlet flange (144) are held in mutually fixed positions as one of the outer shell portions (200, 210) is welded to said components.