The invention provides viscoelastic liquid for protecting cornea. The viscoelastic liquid for protecting cornea comprises main components, an osmotic pressure regulator, a pH regulator and water, wherein the main components are selected from single hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, single chondroitin sulfate, single sodium hyaluronate, composition of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and chondroitin sulfate, or the composition of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and hyaluronic acid; based on the weight percent of viscoelastic liquid for protecting cornea, the main components comprise 10-30% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.5-10% of chondroitin sulfate, and 0.2-5% of sodium hyaluronate; the pH regulator comprises 1-5% of lactic acid, 0.5-1.5% of sodium hydroxide, 0-3% of tartaric acid, and 0-5% of citric acid; the osmotic pressure of the viscoelastic liquid for protecting cornea is 265-330mOsmol/kg, and pH value is 6.8-7.6. The viscoelastic liquid for protecting cornea is capable of keeping cornea moist, effectively protecting the cornea surface, and effectively decreasing problems related to cornea, such as postoperative dry cornea and surgically induced dry eyes.