167 results about "Heteroplasmy" patented technology

A frequency of somatic mutations in a biological sample (e.g., plasma or serum) of a subject undergoing screening or monitoring for cancer, can be compared with that in the constitutional DNA of the same subject. A parameter can derived from these frequencies and used to determine a classification of a level of cancer. False positives can be filtered out by requiring any variant locus to have at least a specified number of variant sequence reads (tags), thereby providing a more accurate parameter. The relative frequencies for different variant loci can be analyzed to determine a level of heterogeneity of tumors in a patient.

A small percentage of cells within an established solid tumor have the properties of stem cells. These solid tumor stem cells give rise both to more tumor stem cells and to the majority of cells in the tumor that have lost the capacity for extensive proliferation and the ability to give rise to new tumors. The solid tumor heterogeneity reflects the presence of tumor cell progeny arising from a solid tumor stem cell. This discovery is the basis for solid tumor stem cell compositions, methods for distinguishing functionally different populations of tumor cells, methods for using these tumor cell populations for studying the effects of therapeutic agents on tumor growth, and methods for identifying and testing novel anti-cancer therapies directed to solid tumor stem cells.

The present invention provides an approach for the determination of the activation states of a plurality of proteins in single cells. This approach permits the rapid detection of heterogeneity in a complex cell population based on activation states, expression markers and other criteria, and the identification of cellular subsets that exhibit correlated changes in activation within the cell population. Moreover, this approach allows the correlation of cellular activities or properties. In addition, the use of modulators of cellular activation allows for characterization of pathways and cell populations. Several exemplary diseases that can be analyzed using the invention include AML, MDS, and MPN.

The present invention is generally directed to methods of producing an increase in the enrichment and/or recovery of preferred forms of monoclonal antibodies. More particularly, the invention relates to methods for eliminating disulfide heterogeneity in the hinge region of recombinant IgG2 antibody proteins.

The invention relates to targeted post translational modifi-cation of metallo-beta-lactamase by truncation and inser-tion of a dipeptide at the amino terminal end to reduce amino terminal heterogeneity in a recombinant DNA pro-duction system. A protein K-T-E-ΔBL is expressed, and modified by host proteases to E-ΔBL. Appropriate nucleotide molecules, vectors and hosts are also de-scribed. E-ΔBL is useful in a pharmaceutical composition for treating antibiotic induced adverse effects in the intes-tine of patients treated with beta-lactam antibiotics.

The present invention provides methods, instruments, reagents, kits and the biology involved in analyzing drug response. An embodiment of the present invention provides an approach for the characterization a plurality of pathways in single cells. This approach permits the rapid detection of heterogeneity in a complex cell population based on activation states of cellular molecules such as proteins, expression markers and other criteria, and the identification of cellular subsets that exhibit correlated changes in activation within the cell population. Some of these categories include redox potential, ITIM phosphorylation, intracellular pH and other categories allows for characterization of such pathways and cell populations. Also, the present analysis is useful for the analysis of the effect of compounds on potential target cells.

The invention relates to a product comprised of specific combinations of cell lines intended for use as an allogeneic immunotherapy agent for the treatment of prostate cancer in humans. The heterogeneity of the immunotherapeutic matches the heterogeneity of the antigenic profile in the target prostate cancer and immunises the recipients with many of the potential TAA and TSA which are expressed at various stages of the disease. The invention discloses a vaccine comprising a combination of three different cell lines prepared from primary or metastatic prostate cancer biopsy material. The cell lines are lethally irradiated utilising gamma irradiation at 50-300 Gy to ensure that they are replication incompetent.

Reversed phase-High Performance (High Pressure) Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) and Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) methods have been developed for monitoring structural and size heterogeneity as well as stability of large RNA transcripts, including lengths of up to at least 10,000 nucleotides. The methods are designed for significantly larger mRNAs that could be monitored in the past, including lengths of up to at least 10,000 nucleotides, and including chemically modified RNA transcripts. SEC techniques are also used in the preparative purification of large RNA transcripts to remove impurities, including hybridized nucleic acid impurities and multimeric RNA species. All of these techniques are also beneficial in that they can be used for large scale manufacturing of therapeutics.

The present invention provides an approach for the determination of the activation states of a plurality of proteins in single cells. This approach permits the rapid detection of heterogeneity in a complex cell population based on activation states, expression markers and other criteria, and the identification of cellular subsets that exhibit correlated changes in activation within the cell population. Moreover, this approach allows the correlation of cellular activities or properties. In addition, the use of modulators of cellular activation allows for characterization of pathways and cell population.

The present invention relates to a method and device for repairing missing data in time-space sequence data, wherein the method includes: separately determining the contribution weights of space peripheral points and time peripheral points to the missing data points; The contribution weights of the points are sorted from large to small, and the spatial dimension estimation data of the points to be obtained are calculated; according to the contribution weights of the points to be obtained, the first multiple points are sorted from large to small Calculate the estimated data of the time dimension of the point to be sought for the surrounding points in time; calculate the data of the point to be sought based on the estimated data of the spatial dimension and the estimated data of the time dimension. The invention makes full use of the time-space correlation and heterogeneity of the time-space sequence data, and the obtained data of the point to be sought has high precision.

The invention discloses a specific culture medium for a lung tumor organ and a stentless 3D culturing method. The specific culture medium is prepared from the following components: FBS, double antibody, N-2, Noggin, B-27, EGF, FGF-10, Y-27632, A 83-01, SB202190, N-acetylcysteine, HEPES, Glutamax, IGF-1, hydrocortisone and Advanced DMEM/F12. The culturing method comprises the following steps: adding a tumor cell into a low serum culture medium, re-suspending the tumor cell, inoculating the tumor cell into a culture vessel, adding the specific culture medium into the culture vessel, changing thespecific culture medium once a day, and performing culturing until an organoid is formed. According to the culture medium and culturing method, a tumor organoid can quickly generate, can be stably cultured for a long time, is regular in spheroid form and has uniform and controllable size, and the heterogeneity of a tumor tissue of a patient can be well maintained in vitro.

Chronic alcoholism is a diverse and heterogeneous disorder that can be dichotomized into cognitively intact and cognitively impaired subgroups. At a molecular level, ethanol has been shown to have both acute and chronic effects on: Membrane biophysical properties, Membrane composition and metabolism, Protein phosphorylation, Lipid metabolic signaling, Lipoprotein transport of cholesterol. Actual molecular underpinnings are determined for cognitive impairment seen in some chronic alcoholism subjects including molecular/metabolic alterations of phospholipid and ganglioside metabolisms.

The invention provides a near infrared fluorescent dye with a tumor specificity targeting performance and applications thereof. The near infrared fluorescent dye is NIR dye PC-002, and can be automatically absorbed and accumulated by canine tumor cells; and the dye can be specifically accumulated in the tumor parts, and will not absorbed by the normal cells, so the dye can be used for tumor specificity target molecule imaging. The NIR specific combining between the near infrared fluorescent dye and the tumor cell is achieved by activating a HIF1[alpha]/OATPs signal molecule and oxygen deficiency. Heterogeneity of tumor cells is overcome, specific target molecule conjugate with common characters can be designed according to the characteristics of oxygen deficiency and OATP high expression of tumor cells, and through the observation on specific combining between the NIR dye and other tumor cells, the near infrared imaging technology can be applied to early warning and rapid diagnosis of more tumors.

The invention discloses a lung cancer organ model and an application thereof in tumor research. An establishment method of the lung cancer organ model comprises the steps as follows: (1) lung cancer tumor cells are added to a three-dimensional culture medium for culture, and the lung cancer tumor cells are added to a culture medium to be continuously cultured after a tumor layer is formed, whereinthe culture medium contains growth factors and extracellular matrix suitable for growth lung cancer tumor cells; (2) a system obtained through culture in step (1) forms single cell after protease enzymolysis, resuspension is performed by the culture medium after separation, and then, the lung cancer organ model is obtained. By use of the method, a specimen library containing a large number of lung cancer organ models can be established, heterogeneity and diversity of lung cancer are greatly covered, the defect of insufficient representativeness of traditional lung cancer cell lines is effectively overcome, and the lung cancer organ model becomes an efficient platform for research of occurrence and development mechanisms of lung cancer.

The present disclosure relates to a method of reducing heterogeneity in antibodies during culturing, wherein the heterogeneity is due to proportion of charge variant of the antibody. The disclosure also comprises a process of growing cells in a cell culture system that results in antibodies with the reduced heterogeneity. In one embodiment antibody heterogeneity is reduced by the addition of divalent transitional metal ions such as zinc (Zn²⁺) to the cell culture medium. In another embodiment antibody heterogeneity is reduced by decreasing the osmolality of the cell culture medium.

The invention discloses a method for detecting haploid copy number variation of tumor unicell genome. The method combines the population polymorphism site information of the tumor unicell and the change information of the genome copy number to analyze an abnormal region of the tumor unicell genome allele copy number, Compared with simple genome copy number changes or somatic mutations, one more dimension is increased, different unicell alleles can be effectively distinguished to from a zone with proportion abnormity, which has important significance for describe the heterogeneity of tumor genome and tumor genome evolution information.