The present invention relates to a composition for the prevention or treatment of
rheumatoid arthritis, comprising, as an
active ingredient, a supercritical extract of
Acanthopanax sessiliflorus Harms. In the present invention, it was confirmed that, upon administration of the supercritical extract of
Acanthopanax sessiliflorus Harms to a
rheumatoid arthritis animal model, pain induced by
rheumatoid arthritis was reduced and
cartilage damage was suppressed. Also, a decrease in the infiltration of immune cells in
cartilage tissue was confirmed, and it was confirmed that the expression of Col2a1, Sox9, and
Aggrecan, which are
cartilage anabolic factors whose expression is reduced by inflammatory cytokines and
inflammatory factors, was increased, and the expression of Mmp3, Mmp10, Mmp13, and
Adamts5, which are cartilage catabolic factors, was reduced. It was also confirmed that
pimaric acid and kaurenoic acid, which are useful components of the supercritical extract of
Acanthopanax sessiliflorus Harms, protected chondrocytes and suppressed the differentiation of Th17 cells, which are pathogenic cells in rheumatoid
arthritis.