503 results about "Mudflow" patented technology

The invention relates to a monitoring and prewarning system and a monitoring and prewarning method for geological disasters. The monitoring and prewarning system for the geological disasters comprises a plurality of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) monitoring stations 1, a continuous operational reference system (CORS) 2, a 3rd-generation (3G) wireless network or wireless bridge 3, a microwave communication system 4, a monitoring and prewarning server 5, a monitoring and prewarning central computer 6 and the like which are arranged in a monitored area. Each GNSS monitoring station 1 comprises a global positioning system (GPS) receiver 11, a 3G network transmission component 12, video monitoring equipment 13, a microwave communication transmission component 14, a power supply 15 and the like. In the method, the aims of forecasting and prewarning possibly initiated geological disasters automatically in real time can be fulfilled by setting the GNSS monitoring stations in areas liable to the geological disasters, monitoring ground surface displacement in real time by the CORS, performing real-time ground surface displacement monitoring on the geological disasters, such as collapse, landslide, debris flow, surface collapse, subsidence, ground fissure and the like, which can be caused by ground surface displacement, combining remote video monitoring, performing data processing on monitoring information, and automatically issuing prewarning information.

The invention discloses a debris flow risk degree evaluation method. The method comprises a step of determining the characteristic parameters associated with debris flow three elements, a step of establishing the comprehensive information evaluation system of the three elements, obtaining a three-element initial information evaluation matrix, and calculating the information entropy of the three elements through matrix operation and an entropy method, a step of establishing a debris flow information entropy model, taking three sub information entropy as an input factor, through BP neural network effect, and outputting debris flow information entropy, a step of defining a debris flow risk degree level standard according to the relation between the information entropy theory and the fact whether debris flow occurs, and carrying out risk degree evaluation on a search object. The invention discloses a debris flow probability model, the mutual interaction mechanism of debris flow three elements in a debris flow inoculation process can be comprehensively reflected, the complex nonlinear and dynamic processes of debris flow can be represented, the risk degree of the research object (single channel/regional debris flow) can be forecasted.

The invention discloses a method for monitoring mountain landslide and debris flow in mountainous areas based on an unmanned aerial vehicle. The method is characterized in that photographing is carried out through directional cruising of the unmanned aerial vehicle and an imaging device and a positioning device which are carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and collected data is analyzed through computer software so as to work out an accurate rescue mode and a path method in allusion to mountain landslide and debris flow in the mountainous areas. The method disclosed by the invention can accurately judge the damage area of a region in which mountain landslide or debris flow occurs through applying unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technologies to the field of mountainous area sudden accident rescue, and seamless searching is carried out by means of the unmanned aerial vehicle through computer modeling and planning, thereby monitoring damage conditions of the affected region quickly and comprehensively, transmitting information to a rescue command center timely, being convenient for rescue workers to plan an accurate rescue path timely, and greatly improving the rescue efficiency; and the method is applicable to detection work for affected mountainous areas under various complex conditions.

The invention discloses an interpretation and evaluation method for a reservoir area engineering geological survey and particularly relates to a hierarchy interpretation method and a comprehensive evaluation method for reservoir area engineering geological survey and evaluation. According to the interpretation and evaluation method, the interpretation of bad geologic bodies of landslide, collapse, debris flow and the like can be achieved, the precision can meet a requirement of feasibility, and the comprehensive evaluation of engineering geological problems of reservoir leakage, reservoir bank stability, reservoir bank collapse, reservoir immersion, the debris flow and the like can be achieved. The steps of the interpretation and evaluation method includes firstly, establishing a geographic information system (GIS) data bank of a reservoir area engineering geology and a three-dimensional true color remote-sensing image visualization system; secondly, establishing remote-sensing interpretation marks of the bad geologic bodies of the landslide, the collapse, the debris flow and the like; thirdly, performing preliminary interpretation with geography interpretation as a priority; fourthly, performing outdoor verification by matching of image interpretation; fifthly, performing detailed comprehensive interpretation with three-dimensional interpretation as a priority; sixthly performing reservoir leakage comprehensive interpretation based on a GIS; seventhly, performing reservoir bank stability comprehensive interpretation based on the GIS; eighthly, performing reservoir bank collapse and reservoir immersion comprehensive interpretation based on the GIS; and ninthly, performing reservoir debris flow comprehensive interpretation based on the GIS.

The invention relates to an earthquake warning system based on communication optical cables. The system can perform real-time monitoring on geological conditions in the area where optical cables are laid, and judge whether an earthquake occurs according to the vibration information from the optical cable, and uses the difference between the seismic wave transmission speed and the light transmission speed to realize early warning function; and the earthquake warning system can transmit threatening strong earthquake information to various towns which can be threatened a few seconds or even more in advance so as to reduce the loss caused by a strong earthquake as possible. The system can also be used for monitoring vicious incidents such as local geologic hazards like landslides and mudflows, and man-made destruction, and has the advantages of wide monitoring range, high sensitivity, good reliability, low cost and high utilization rate.

The invention discloses a calculating method for maximal lifting height of viscous debris flow and an application of the calculating method. The method comprises the following steps: taking a mud level line, in a natural channel, of the viscous debris flow as a datum line, and taking a maximal distance, lifted by the debris flow, of the perpendicular datum line on the mud level line in the process that the viscous debris flow encounters an obstacle as a maximal value of lifting height of the viscous debris flow; and determining volume-weight gamma c of the viscous debris flow, an included angle theta between a debris flow motion direction and a channel obstacle, average longitudinal shrinking slope J of the debris flow channel, a viscosity coefficient eta, yielding stress tau b and depth H of debris flow above an original channel surface, thereby determining the maximal lifting height value of the debris flow which encounters the obstacle in a motion process. The method is high in calculated result, simple and convenient in calculating, used for designing safety height of debris flow blocking engineering and adaptive to engineering needs.

The invention discloses a debris flow pre-warning method. In view of the shortcoming that the channel-started debris flow critical rainfall threshold calculation method in the prior art needs to be based on long-term debris flow observation data, the invention provides a debris flow pre-warning method. The core of the method is a debris flow start critical value Cr calculation method expressed by debris flow channel topography, geology, and a hydrological factor. According to the method, the Cr value of a pre-warning monitored area is used as a monitored value, and debris flow pre-warning levels are set according to the magnitudes of monitored values; when Cr is less than 0.35, the condition is green and safe; when Cr is larger than or equal to 0.35 and less than or equal to 0.47, a debris flow orange pre-warning is issued; and when Cr is larger than or equal to 0.47, a debris flow red pre-warning is issued. In optimized condition, the rainfall amount of 1h is used as a common monitored value at the same time. The invention also provides a debris flow pre-warning method with an equivalent rainfall R* value as a main monitored value. The method has a reliable principle, the threshold calculation more conforms to debris flow forming mechanism; the threshold calculation is not based on long-term observation data, and has better disaster preventing applicability.

The invention relates to a water-based or land-based or semi-floating common low-rise house and a floating vessel thereof, also relates to houses used for preventing natural disasters, comprising fire preventing houses, flood control and debris flow prevention houses, houses for drought resistance by reservoirs, water air conditioner houses for preventing global warming, and displacing houses, in particular to damping common low-rise houses. As a footing supports the house, the accidental inclination or sinking of the house can be limited in 0.7 or 0.3m, thus ensuring the personal safety. Also, other reasons are as follows: the weight of the house is light, the structural strength is high, the floating force is large and the stability is good. The importance of the case is variable damping function of the house, and the case is a damping machine which is realized by water, soil and wood and aims at challenging maximum earthquake, and how to lead the environment of the damping machine to be restored to environmental layout of the common house is described in the following.

The invention provides a method for early warning mountain flood debris flow based on steep slope convergence and cross section flow calculation. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) processing high-precision DEM terrain data and remote sensing data of debris flow single ditches and flow domains where the debris flow single ditches are located, so as to obtain a scattered point elevation and a slope of each grid unit; (2) obtaining a rainwater infiltration amount of each grid unit by combining with continuous long-term rainfall data, according to actual geological conditions of different debris flow ditches; (3) calculating surface flow concentration of the debris flow ditches and the flow domains where the debris flow ditches are located using a calculation method based on thesteep slope flow convergence; and (4) performing early warning base on flooding range of the mountain flood debris flow corresponding to the rainfall amount in different time periods. The invention further provides a system for early warning the mountain flood debris flow. The method and the system are applied to early warning of mountain flood and valley type debris flow. The effects are obviouson the early formation of the early warning result for the mountain flood debris flow and the improvement of the early warning efficiency. It has great practical significance for safeguarding personnel, emergency hedging, and reducing lives and property losses of people.

The invention discloses a debris flow rainfall I-D curve threshold construction method and a debris flow early warning method. The I-D curve threshold construction method comprises the following stepsof firstly, acquiring basin underlying surface data required for a Richard model and Van Genuchten equation numerical simulation; starting a hydrologic simulation process under a given rainfall intensity condition; determining the stability and the runoff generation state of each grid in a drainage basin along a time sequence, and calculating the bulk density of a water and soil mixture; and recording data according with a control point to fit an I-D curve, and finally acquiring a set of I-D thresholds under a previous rainfall amount condition. The invention simultaneously provides a corresponding drainage basin debris flow early warning method. By using the method of the invention, the idea of fitting the curve through historical data statistical analysis is abandoned, and the breakthrough of constructing a debris flow generation condition threshold from the aspect of the measurement of the dynamic index of a debris flow characteristic is realized. The method can effectively solve the problem of using the I-D curve threshold to implement debris flow early warning in the drainage basin without data.

The invention relates to a solid-liquid multiphase dynamic numerical simulation method suitable for debris flow, which adopts a numerical simulation model of a solid-liquid multiphase debris flow power process, and comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring debris flow channel starting, movement and accumulation dynamic information through field scientific investigation and physical and mechanical experiments; Determining high-precision topographic data and object source data in the calculation area through a geographic information system or a high-precision 3D topographic scanner, expressing the high-precision topographic data and the object source data as (x, y, h) grid data through grid coordinate conversion, and respectively representing x, y and h as x, y coordinates and elevation values h of topographic points; Soil and fluid parameters are determined and estimated from a proper amount of soil samples in the channels in the calculation area through indoor physical and mechanical experiments, so that all parameters needing to be prepared in the pretreatment stage of the numerical method are obtained; According to the method, the scientificity and reliability of numerical simulation research in the debris flow dynamic process are improved, the pertinence of disaster prevention and control is improved, the prevention effect is enhanced, and technical support is provided for debris flow disaster reduction.

The invention discloses a debris flow starting test artificial rainfall simulating method. The adopted debris flow starting test artificial rainfall simulating system comprises an artificial rainfalldevice, a rainfall monitoring device and a control device, wherein the artificial rainfall device comprises a water tank, a water pump, a rainfall bracket and a rainfall spray head; the rainfall sprayhead is arranged on the rainfall bracket and is connected with a water tank through a water pipeline; the water tank is connected with a water pump; the rainfall monitoring device records actual rainfall capacity, soil moisture content, soil displacement of soil and the tension amount of a tension sensor, and sends the detected data to the control device; the control device judges whether a debris flow happens according to the collected data, and records the slope runoff, slope internal runoff, soil body creep deformation and the debris flow forming time when the debris flow happens. The method disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and can be used for detecting the debris flow happening process by simulating different rainfall types; the detection result is quick and accurate, and a basis is provided for predicting and forecasting debris flow.

A debris flow disaster early warning method based on landform information entropy and rainfall comprises the following steps: acquiring digital elevation model data of a region by collecting debris flow gully topographic data in a drainage basin to be early warned; calculating the landform information entropy of the debris flow gully based on the digital elevation model data of the region; obtaining historical debris flow disaster outbreak time and corresponding historical rainfall data of the debris flow gullies in the drainage basin, establishing a debris flow outbreak model, and determining a rainfall early warning threshold value of debris flow outbreak; and according to the landform information entropy of the debris flow and the corresponding rainfall early warning threshold value, carrying out real-time monitoring and early warning on the debris flow disaster of each debris flow gully in the drainage basin by adopting a double-index comprehensive evaluation method. According to the method, on the basis of the landform information entropy of the debris flow gully, the landform factors and the rainfall factors are combined, the problem that in a traditional early warning method, early warning is conducted with induction factors as main indexes, and topographic element indexes are not considered is solved, and compared with the prior art, the debris flow disaster early warning accuracy is higher.

The invention discloses a debris flow outbreak scale calculation method. In view of the shortcoming that the channel-started debris flow outbreak scale calculation method in the prior art needs to be based on long-term debris flow observation data, the invention provides a debris flow outbreak scale calculation method. The core of the method is a debris flow start critical value Cr calculation method expressed by debris flow channel topography, geology, and a hydrological factor, and a debris flow scale calculation method expressed by the critical value Cr. According to the method, the Cr value of a monitored area is firstly used as a monitored value, and when Cr is larger than or equal to 0.35, risk of debris flow occurrence is determined and outbreak scale is further calculated. In optimized condition, the method also uses the rainfall amount of 1h as a common monitored value to determine the risk of debris flow occurrence. The method has a reliable principle, and the threshold calculation more conforms to debris flow forming mechanism; the threshold calculation is not based on long-term observation data, and has better disaster preventing applicability.

The invention relates to a construction method of a tree aggregate. In the construction method, various aggregation methods are singly or comprehensively used, an assistant technique is matched, a new artificial tree group can be constructed, and construction is carried out according to designed drawing to realize industrial production. The constructed tree aggregate can be more stably and perfectly aggregated. Compared with the tree single bodies, the tree aggregate has the aggregation effect, and new shape, functional and characteristics. By using the technique, live great trees and shaped nursery stock can be quickly produced in garden, horticulture and agriculture industries, so as to build a three-dimensional cultivation new model, in addition, a cultivation mode for preventing and controlling landslide and mudflow is built, a new sandstorm-resistant cultivation mode is built, a tree special (such as bark, latex, rosin, rhus lacquer, timber, fruit and the like) product duplication yield-increasing mode is built, and a whole-plant, low-carbon and energy-consumption-balanced human dwelling mode is built.

The invention discloses a debris flow velocity measurement method and an implementing system thereof. Aiming at the defect that methods and devices for measuring internal flow velocity of debris flow are laced in the prior art, the invention provides the method for measuring the debris flow velocity, which comprises the following steps of: arranging two measuring cross sections along the motion direction of the debris flow, measuring and acquiring shearing force change data of the debris flow at the corresponding positions on the two cross sections, and then obtaining corresponding internal flow velocity of the debris flow by calculating according to the shearing force waveform comparison result at the corresponding positions on the two cross sections. The invention also provides a measurement system and an experimental measurement system for implementing the method. Compared with the prior art, the invention solves the technical difficult problem that the measurement of the internal flow velocity of the debris flow can not be solved all the time in the prior art and also solves the technical difficult problem that a routine measurement instrument can not work in the flowing debris flow. The measurement method is reliable in principle, easy to operate, high in measurement result accuracy, simple in measurement system structure, saves the cost and can be used repeatedly.

The invention discloses a plane meshing method and dangerousness measuring method for a debris flow accumulation fan. For the defect that an existing dangerousness degree partition and quantitative evaluation method for the debris flow accumulation fan is mainly influenced by subjectivity, the plane meshing method for the debris flow accumulation fan is firstly provided. According to the plane meshing method for the debris flow accumulation fan, an accumulation fan planar model is built on the basis of data surveying, and the terrain of the debris flow accumulation fan is divided into mesh units. Based on the method, the dangerousness measuring method for the debris flow accumulation fan is further provided. According to the dangerousness measuring method for the debris flow accumulation fan, the dangerousness degree P (xi) of each mesh unit is measured and calculated, and the dangerousness of the debris flow accumulation fan is determined according to the distribution characteristic of the dangerousness degrees P (xi) of the mesh units on the terrain of the debris flow accumulation fan. According to the plane meshing method and the dangerousness measuring method for the debris flow accumulation fan, data are acquired through surveying, mapping and other means, and an evaluation result is not influenced by subjective factors; the measuring method decomposes the dangerousness degree of the accumulation fan into a component P (u) and a component P (h), the dangerousness of burying and the dangerousness of impact can be measured respectively, and debris flow prevention engineering practice is guided better.

The invention discloses a method for calculating a value of average peak flow rate of paroxysmal mud-rock flow and the once total volume of mud-rock flow and an application thereof. Aiming at solving the disadvantages of lower accuracy and practicability of the calculation of once total volume of the mud-rock flow and the shortage of method for calculating the average peak flow rate of the paroxysmal mud-rock flow in the prior art, the invention provides the method which utilizes field measured data for calculating the value of average peak flow rate of the paroxysmal mud-rock flow and the once total volume of the mud-rock flow. Based on the analysis result of all reliable observed data from 1987 to 2004 in China, the calculation method builds a model for calculating the value of the average peak flow rate of the paroxysmal mud-rock flow, and takes the calculation of the value of average peak flow rate of the paroxysmal mud-rock flow as a key step to build a model for calculating the once total volume of the paroxysmal mud-rock flow and the once total volume of mixed mud-rock flow. Compared with the prior art, the invention can accurately calculate the corresponding flow rate and the total volume index of the mud-rock flow by the field measurement and observation of the mud-rock flow, fills the gap in the research field, and is especially suitable for engineering application.

The invention discloses a viscous debris flow river-blocking calculation method and an application thereof, belonging to the technical field of debris flow prevention and treatment engineering. The viscous debris flow river-blocking calculation method comprises the following steps of: obtaining a confluence angle of a branch channel and a main river as shown in the specification by measurement; measuring the average width B1 of the main river and the flow Qm of the main river at the confluence position of the main river and the branch channel, and determining the flow per unit width Q1 of the main river; measuring the average width B2 of the branch channel and the flow of the debris flow as shown in the specification at the confluence position of the main river and the branch channel, determining the flow per unit width of the branch channel as shown in the specification, determining the ratio of the flow per unit width of the branch channel and the main river as shown in the specification, measuring water depth h of the main river at the confluence position of the main river and the branch channel, determining a volume factor yt, measuring the yield stress of the debris flow as shown in the specification, and the density of the debris flow as shown in the specification, and determining a yield stress factor x of the debris flow; and judging whether river blocking can be caused by the viscous debris flow or not according to a judgment factor y. A debris flow river-blocking calculation model established in the invention has the characteristics of being harmonious in dimension and high in calculation result accuracy, and is capable of accurately judging viscous debris flow river-blocking; and thus, the debris flow prevention and treatment effect is improved.

The invention discloses a frame type debris flow sand retaining dam and a construction method thereof. The frame-type debris flow sand control dam includes a dam body foundation and a dam body body arranged on the dam body foundation, and a reinforced concrete frame and masonry stones filled between the frames constitute the dam body body. Compared with the prior art, the present invention aims at the situation that the dam body is damaged due to factors such as difficulty in controlling the construction quality and foundation subsidence of the currently widely used grouted-stone debris flow sand retaining dam. The dam is divided into relatively independent small spaces, and the strength of the dam body is enhanced in blocks. In the case of a small increase in investment, the strength of the dam body is greatly improved and the service life of the dam is extended; it is compatible with concrete dams, reinforced concrete dams with high strength and mortar masonry Dam investment saves two advantages in one.

The invention discloses a debris flow geological disaster monitoring system and method. The system comprises a signal acquisition module, a real-time monitoring module, a data storage module, an intelligent risk identification module and an alarm module. The signal acquisition module is connected with the real-time monitoring module and transmits acquired data to the real-time monitoring module after signal conversion; the real-time monitoring module is in bidirectional connection with the data storage module; the intelligent risk identification module performs systematic risk analysis and evaluation on geological disasters by utilizing big data, and automatically generates a risk evaluation report of debris flow disasters in the monitoring area; and the alarm module issues geological disaster early warning according to the identified risk degree. Monitoring and early warning of debris flow are realized by utilizing sensor equipment, video equipment, a big data technology, a wireless communication network technology, an intelligent identification technology, an early warning technology and the like, and the monitoring efficiency and the identification precision can be improved.