61 results about "Ground fissure" patented technology

The invention relates to a monitoring and prewarning system and a monitoring and prewarning method for geological disasters. The monitoring and prewarning system for the geological disasters comprises a plurality of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) monitoring stations 1, a continuous operational reference system (CORS) 2, a 3rd-generation (3G) wireless network or wireless bridge 3, a microwave communication system 4, a monitoring and prewarning server 5, a monitoring and prewarning central computer 6 and the like which are arranged in a monitored area. Each GNSS monitoring station 1 comprises a global positioning system (GPS) receiver 11, a 3G network transmission component 12, video monitoring equipment 13, a microwave communication transmission component 14, a power supply 15 and the like. In the method, the aims of forecasting and prewarning possibly initiated geological disasters automatically in real time can be fulfilled by setting the GNSS monitoring stations in areas liable to the geological disasters, monitoring ground surface displacement in real time by the CORS, performing real-time ground surface displacement monitoring on the geological disasters, such as collapse, landslide, debris flow, surface collapse, subsidence, ground fissure and the like, which can be caused by ground surface displacement, combining remote video monitoring, performing data processing on monitoring information, and automatically issuing prewarning information.

The invention discloses a ground fissure tunnel asphalt concrete composite lining, wherein an initial lining, an asphalt concrete composite lining and an inside lining are sequentially arranged in an influence interval of a ground fissure from a surrounding rock soil body to a tunnel axial center, deformation joints A are arranged on the inside lining at intervals along a tunnel axis, injected holes are reserved at the bottom of the inside lining at both sides of the deformation joints A, and a displacement monitor is installed at the outer side of the asphalt concrete composite lining. The invention also discloses a supporting method of the ground fissure tunnel asphalt concrete composite lining, and an asphalt concrete pouring material is prepared by mixing modified asphalt after hot melting with sand and stones by adopting a stepped excavation and mining construction method; an asphalt mastic material is filled in the deformation joints A to flexibly connect the two adjacent segments of inside linings and carry out waterproof processing and the like for construction joints at the section of the inside lining. The composite lining has simple structure, convenient construction, safety and reliability and is suitable for being used in ground fissure active regions or meizoseismal regions.

The invention discloses a physical model test device for ground fissure earth tunnels comprising a model box in a model device. A footwall soil mass and a hanging wall soil mass are symmetrically arranged by a vertical shaft in the model box, a simulation ground fissure is arranged between the footwall soil mass and the hanging wall soil mass, a fixed bottom plate is installed below the footwall soil mass, and a hanging wall soil mass supporting plate in a sedimentation device is installed below the hanging wall soil mass; an air pressure sac is arranged among an upper cover, the footwall soil mass and the hanging wall soil mass; a tunnel portal is horizontally arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the model box, the axial line of the tunnel portal is perpendicular to the vertical shaft of the model box, the tunnel portal is internally provided with a model tunnel lining structure, and various sensors are arranged. The invention also discloses a physical model test method for the ground fissure earth tunnels. Tests of various schemes, such as ground fissure trend variation, variations of wall rock soil mass stratum structures and mechanical properties, variations of lining structural forms, sections and rigidities, and the like are realized by utilizing the device. The device and the method of the invention are simple and have good accuracy.

The invention discloses a gauge for three directional deformation of a ground fissure. The gauge comprises two vertical uprights which are respectively fixed at the left side and the right side of theground fissure, a horizontal tension displacement testing device which is fixed between the two vertical uprights, a vertical displacement testing device and a horizontal shear displacement testing device which are arranged on one of the vertical uprights, a data analysis system and an alarm unit controlled by the data analysis system; the vertical displacement testing device comprises a verticalslide block and a vertical line displacement sensor; the horizontal tension displacement testing device comprises a horizontal support slide shaft, a horizontal support bar, a horizontal slide blockand a horizontal line displacement sensor; the horizontal shear displacement testing device is an angular displacement sensor; and the horizontal line displacement sensor, the vertical line displacement sensor and the angular displacement sensor are connected with the data analysis system. The gauge has the advantages of convenient installation and debugging, convenient use and operation, high testing precision and good testing effect, and can synchronously detect absolute values of three directional deformations at the same point of the ground fissure.

The invention discloses an anti-seepage structure of composite lining deformation joints of a ground fissure stratum tunnel. A primary supporting lining, an asphalt concrete lining and a reinforced concrete lining are sequentially paved from the wall rock to the interior of the tunnel; a plurality of deformation joints are pre-preserved in the reinforced concrete lining; end part linings embedded with bases and injected holes are arranged on two sides of the deformation joints; the bases are connected with a retractable baffle device; glass fiber cloth is paved between the retractable baffle device and the deformation joints; a plurality of cavities consist of the asphalt concrete lining, the asphalt concrete lining at two ends of each deformation joint and the glass fiber cloth; and matrix asphalt anti-seepage bodies are poured into the cavities. The invention also discloses a construction method of the structure, which comprises the following steps: firstly, casting a composite lining structure and preserving deformation joints; secondly, casting end part linings on two sides of the deformation joints, and arranging the deformation joints and glass fiber cloth; and finally poring the matrix asphalt anti-seepage bodies. The anti-seepage structure has good rheological characteristic and anti-seepage performance, and is convenient to repair.

The invention relates to a 'three-map method' for evaluating ground fissures, comprising the following steps of: firstly, evaluating and zoning ground fissure risk to form a ground fissure risk zoning map, then evaluating and zoning ground fissure vulnerability to form a ground fissure vulnerability zoning map and finally evaluating and zoning ground fissure hazardness to form a ground fissure hazardness zoning map. The three-map method overcomes the defects that the prior art can not sufficiently reflect the natural and social attributes of disasters and can not comprehensively quantitatively evaluate ground fissure disasters, defines the concept of the geological disaster hazardness for the first time and puts forwards the viewpoint of evaluating the geological disaster hazardness for the first time. The invention provides an indoor similar material physical simulation analog test method for the cause of formation of the ground fissures, researches the structure characteristics and the fractional characteristics of the ground fissures and structure, physiognomy and earthquakes with the nonlinear idea for the first time and applies an artificial neural network (ANN) and geographic information system (GIS) coupling technique to evaluating the ground fissure risk.

The invention discloses a construction method for a ground fissure formation tunnel deformation seam impervious structure, comprising the steps as follows: modified asphalt concrete and reinforced material are prepared as reinforced asphalt concrete flexible plate by a rolling method; the flexible plate is internally provided with resistance wires which are led out and used for expanding the deformation seam and the tunnel diameters at two sides so as to form a primary lining supporting wall rock body; the asphalt concrete flexible plate is arranged on the surface of the primary lining supporting wall rock body; two sides of the deformation seam are respectively poured by end lining with the end surface having two parallel ring-shaped trough; subsequently, the deformation seam is internally provided with reinforcing cage and poured by the asphalt concrete; the deformation seam is filled and sealed; two ends of the resistance wire is led into the tunnel by the deformation seam. The impervious structure constructed by the method of the invention utilizes the rheological property and electric heating of the asphalt concrete, prompts the rheological deformation of the asphalt concrete, and leads the surfaces of the reinforced asphalt concrete panel and the lining structure to generate the relative sliding, so as to adapt for the continuous relative staggering displacement of the adjacent lining structures.

A high-water material ground fissure filling system and a filling treatment method are applicable to treatment of ground fissures in mining old mined-out areas of west dry mining areas. The high-water material ground fissure filling system comprises a body and an engine, an air compressor, a filling slurry production system and a grout injection system are respectively arranged on the body, high-water filling slurry is injected into the ground fissures through a grout injection pipe, grout injection is stopped when filling height reaches 0.5 meter from the ground surface, high-water filling slurry solidified bodies in the ground fissures are covered with soil after the high-water filling slurry is sufficiently solidified, the soil is compacted after covering, the dry bulk density of a compacted soil body is not lower than 1.3t/m<3> and is suitable for planting vegetations, an arc-shaped fissure slot with the depth of 0.1m-0.2m is constructed in the upper surface of the covering soil, and grass blankets or tree and shrub plants are planted in the fissure slot. The high-water material ground fissure filling system is simple in process, low in cost, dense in filling, fine in water retention performance and high in vegetation survival rate.

The invention relates to a coal mining ground fissure moisture damage detection method taking space-time difference and rainfall impact into consideration, and belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a spatial coordinate system for ground and underground comparison, and selecting an undisturbed area at the front end of the working plane mining progress as a moisture monitoring area; determining moisture background value and moisture spatial distribution of the monitoring area; acquiring fissure position located in a moisture contour line, of the monitoring area; determining soil moisture background value around a fissure; actually measuring the soil moisture background value around the fissure in the whole ground fissure development cycle; correcting moisture content in which rainfall impact is excluded; and obtaining moisture content in which spatial variability impact is removed. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the moisture damage impact of ground fissure on the surrounding soil can be more fully and scientifically grasped to provide data information for regional land reclamation and ecological environment.

The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring the vertical displacement of buildings, wherein using the principal of connected pipes to realize multipoint communication, the device converts small elevation variation at an equipment installation location into vertical position variation of a liquid level interface by measuring the position of the liquid level interface in a communicating container, and the vertical position variation of the liquid level interface is directly detected by a CCD sensor or a PSD photoelectric device. The functions of the CCD sensor or the PSD photoelectric device such as program control driving, signal processing and identification, data acquisition, communication with computers, etc. are implemented by using a single chip machine. The device integrates sensor and peripheral circuit and is manufactured by specially-designed moulds, thereby achieving good integrity and sealing performance and convenient installation. The device can be used for observing the vertical deformation of dam, bridge, dock, high slope, ground fissure, fault, weak intercalated layer, etc.

The invention discloses a ground fracture test device and a method for simulating fracture dislocation and underground water change. The device comprises a test model box, a fixed platform and a movable platform, a dislocation adjusting mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the moving platform; a first bottom plate, a first waterproof plate and a first water stop plate are sequentially arranged on the fixed platform from bottom to top, a second bottom plate, a second waterproof plate and a second water stop plate are sequentially arranged on the movable platform from bottom to top, and the dislocation adjusting mechanism comprises a support, a jack and a sliding limiting component. The method comprises the following steps: 1, performing preparation before a test; 2, laying a model soil layer in the model box, burying a sensor and connecting the sensor with a data acquisition instrument; 3, injecting water into the model soil layer; 4, simulating soil layer fracture dislocation of thesimulation model; and 5, simulating underground water level change by model soil layer drainage. The device can simulate the development condition of the ground fissures under the conditions of fracture dislocation and underground water change, and is high in simulation accuracy.

The invention provides a method and system for SA-based ground fissure monitoring. The method comprises: a first array displacement sensor is buried in a direction parallel to a ground surface and a second array displacement sensor is buried in a direction perpendicular to the ground surface, and the first array displacement sensor and the second array displacement sensor penetrate an upper disc and a lower disc of a to-be-monitored ground fissure respectively; a three-dimensional coordinate system is established, wherein the X axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is parallel to theextending direction of the to-be-monitored ground fissure, the Y axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is perpendicular to the extending direction of the to-be-monitored ground fissure, andthe Z axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system is perpendicular to the ground surface; and statistics of average displacement amounts of nodes in the first array displacement sensor and the second array displacement sensor in an X-axis direction, a Y-axis direction, and a Z-axis direction is carried out within a preset monitoring period and thus a first statistical result is obtained, anda periodic variation law of the to-be-monitored ground fissure is determined based on the first statistical result. Therefore, the measurement range can be expanded to a certain extent and the accuracy of the ground fissure monitoring result is improved.

The invention discloses a device for simulating harm of activities of ground fissures to a high-speed rail bridge, and belongs to the field of geological disaster analysis. The device comprises a lifting system used for controlling lifting of a ground fissure hanging wall and footwall and the lifting speed of a settlement platform and simulating the activities of the ground fissures, a supporting system used for supporting the lifting system to carry out lifting on the ground fissure hanging wall and footwall, and a monitoring system used for monitoring dislocation, deformation and bridge foundation stress characteristics of a high-speed rail bridge model. Changes of stress in the high-speed rail bridge, bridge deformation and damage zone ranges and unstability and interaction between the bridge and a rail are taken into consideration under the action of different activities of the ground fissures, scientific bases are provided for engineering control measures for sections crossing the ground fissures of the high-speed rail bridge, and meanwhile the harm of the ground fissures to the high-speed rail bridge can be more accurately forecasted.

The invention discloses a coal mine area extraction damage and restoration simulation detection testing device comprising a frame, fixing members, and side boards. The frame comprises a bottom board, vertical columns, and reinforcing boards. The bottom board comprises a left bottom board and a right bottom board, which are boards having the same size, and can be separated from each other. The front edges, the rear edges, and the side edges of the left bottom board and the right bottom board are provided with drill holes, and the left bottom board and the right bottom board are connected together in a hinged manner by bolts. The four corners of the bottom board are provided with the vertical columns, which are fixedly disposed on the corners of the bottom board. The upper part of the frame and the middle parts of the vertical columns are provided with the reinforcing boards by the fixing members. The side boards are respectively in the shape of a topless cuboid, and the side boards are disposed in the frame, and in addition, the side boards in different directions and the side boards and the frame are connected together by the fixing members. The coal mine area extraction damage and restoration simulation detection testing device is used as a carrier of researching a correlation between ground penetrating radar echo signals and extraction overlying strata structure changes, ground fissures, and land reclamation engineering quality factors after damages, and a multifunctional proper device and a research method are provided for the monitoring and the control of the coal mine area extraction damages.

The invention discloses a monitoring device for mining ground fissures of a shallow coal seam, which comprises a placing main frame, a side fissure surface contact detection assembly, a main support column body and a fixing anchor, and is characterized in that a plurality of ground fissure monitoring devices are circumferentially buried in a shallow coal seam monitoring area outside a mining area; each ground fracture monitoring device monitors the ground surface in a monitoring range where the ground fracture monitoring device is located in real time and transmits a data signal to an external monitoring platform, the placing main frame is horizontally supported and fixed on the ground surface of a shallow coal seam, and a main supporting column body is vertically and coaxially installed in the placing main frame; the main supporting column body is arranged in the placing main frame in a relatively sliding and penetrating manner, and one end of the main supporting column body extends into an underground rock-soil layer; a plurality of side crack surface contact detection assemblies are arranged on the main supporting column body and located below the placing main frame in a circumferential array mode, and the side crack surface contact detection assemblies work independently and conduct crack detection and monitoring on the contact rock-soil surfaces within the range radians of the side crack surface contact detection assemblies; and a fixing anchor piece is further installed on the lower end face of the main supporting column body.

The invention provides a three-dimensional variable parameter full-coupling simulation calculation method for ground subsidence and ground fissures caused by load and underground water exploitation. The problem of calculation of the ground subsidence and the ground fissures under the dual action of overlying load on a soil body and underground water exploitation is solved. The geological conceptual model is established according to the actual background of underground water exploitation. Based on a Biot consolidation theory, full coupling of a seepage field and a stress field is realized, and a three-dimensional full-coupling numerical model for predicting ground settlement and ground fracture development is constructed. According to the calculation method, a mechanism in a rock-soil body compression process is considered, constitutive models of elasticity, viscoelasticity and viscoplasticity are coupled, and a seepage field and a stress field are closely linked by combining changes of rock-soil body parameters, so that the ground settlement amount and the ground fracture extension amount under the conditions of ground load and groundwater dynamic decline can be simultaneously simulated, and a basis is provided for researching seepage field evolution and ground subsidence evolution laws and a fluid-solid coupling action mechanism in the underground water exploitation process.

The invention provides a coal mining subsidence ground crack identification and extraction method and device and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps of acquiring multiple pieces of mining area unmanned aerial vehicle image data A containing coal mining subsidence ground fissures; preprocessing the mining area unmanned aerial vehicle image data A to obtain mining area unmanned aerial vehicle image data B; calculating ground feature statistical characteristics; by using a K-means clustering method and combining ground feature statistical characteristics, extracting ground fissures from the mining area unmanned aerial vehicle image B, and generating binary image data B3; performing optimization processing on the binary image data B3 to obtain binary image data C; performing hit-miss transformation processing on the binary image data C until the width of the ground crack in the binary image data C does not change any more, and obtaining final binary image data D containing the ground crack; and calculating the actual area, length and width of the ground crack according to the binary image data D. The crack extraction precision is higher, automation is achieved, and a large number of training samples are not needed.

The invention discloses a method for judging the applicability of a shield tunnel under the ground crack environment. In the shield tunnel under the ground fissure environment, the relationship between the maximum vertical deformation of lining and lining thickness, the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of lining and lining thickness, and the relationship between the maximum compressive stress of lining and lining thickness are obtained under the same staggered distance between upper and lower coils of ground fissure and tunnel lining strength. Under the same staggered distance between upper and lower walls of ground cracks and tunnel lining thickness, the relationship between the maximum vertical deformation of lining and lining strength grade, the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of lining and lining strength grade, and the relationship between the maximum compressive stress of lining and lining strength grade are obtained. Under the same staggered distance between upper and lower walls of ground cracks and tunnel lining thickness, the relationship between the maximum vertical deformation of lining and lining strength grade, the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of lining and lining strength grade, and the relationship between the maximum compressive stress of lining and lining strength grade are obtained. Through the above curves and standards, the method can more accurately determine whether the shield tunnel under different working conditions to meet the strength and deformation requirements.

The invention relates to a ground fissure stratum tunnel deformation joint anti-seepage device. The ground fissure stratum tunnel deformation joint anti-seepage device comprises an asphalt concrete cover plate I, wherein the asphalt concrete cover plate I is arranged on the outer side of a deformation joint, and both ends of the asphalt concrete cover plate I are in lap joint with tunnel secondary linings; J-shaped steel plates are respectively embedded in the secondary linings on the lower parts of the both sides of the asphalt concrete cover plate I; U-shaped GB composite water stop belts are arranged between the bottom surface of the asphalt concrete cover plate I and the tunnel secondary linings; and an asphalt concrete cover plate II is arranged on the inner side of the deformation joint, and both ends of the asphalt concrete cover plate II are in lap joint with the inner sides of the secondary linings (1). A construction method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing the asphalt concrete cover plate I and the asphalt concrete cover plate II; (2) installing and fixing the asphalt concrete cover plate I; (3) installing the water stop belts; (4) pouring secondary lining structures; (5) installing the asphalt concrete cover plate II; and (6) installing a high-strength bolt I and a high-strength bolt II. The ground fissure stratum tunnel deformation joint anti-seepage device has the characteristics of good sealing impermeability, high deformation adaptability, reasonable design and convenience in maintenance.