The invention discloses a catalytic purification-sterilization disinfection type multifunctional photovolatic passive ventilation wall. Different modes are switched by controlling opening and closingof baffles at all ventilation openings. The ventilation baffles comprise an outdoor ventilation baffle (D1), an indoor lower ventilation baffle (D2) and an indoor upper ventilation baffle (D3). The ventilation openings comprise an outdoor ventilation opening (V1), an indoor lower ventilation opening (V2) and an indoor upper ventilation opening (V3). The back face of a heat absorption plate (5) issprayed with an adsorption-thermal catalysis coating. According to the catalytic purification-sterilization disinfection type multifunctional photovolatic passive ventilation wall, the thermal catalysis technology, the thermal sterilization disinfection technology and the solar photovolatic photo-thermal technology are innovatively combined and utilized, the functions of power generation in the heating season, passive heating ventilation, air purification and thermal sterilization disinfection can be achieved, and the functions of power generation in the non-heating season, domestic hot waterpreparation, passive cooling, purification and thermal sterilization disinfection are achieved; and in the transition season, according to the building requirements, the functions of domestic hot water preparation and passive heating can be flexibly achieved by adjusting the ventilation baffles while power generation, thermal catalytic degradation of formaldehyde and thermal sterilization disinfection are conducted.