37 results about "Photonic lattices" patented technology

Mechanically tunable electromagnetic and photonic devices featuring enhanced spectral tunability with minimal mechanical movement are provided. These nano / micro-electromechanically (N / MEMS) tunable elements, including filters and pixels, rely on leaky-mode resonance effects in subwavelength photonic lattices that constitute periodic wavelengths. Such elements can operate in reflection (bandstop) or transmission (bandpass) modes, and can be arranged in one-dimensional or two-dimensional arrays, or operated as single units, and their spectral regions are controlled by the element design. Input electromagnetic radiation illuminates the element and is then filtered, modulated, analyzed or tuned by the element. Mechanical motion alters the structural symmetry, and therefore, the tuning properties, of the nanostructured subwavelength resonance elements. Further, incorporating metals and dielectrics to generate coexisting plasmonic and leaky-mode resonance effects adds to the versatility of the potential applications.

A new class of processes suited to the fabrication of layered material compositions is disclosed. Layered material compositions are typically three-dimensional structures which can be decomposed into a stack of structured layers. The best known examples are the photonic lattices. The present invention combines the characteristic features of photolithography and chemical-mechanical polishing to permit the direct and facile fabrication of, e.g., photonic lattices having photonic bandgaps in the 0.1-20.mu. spectral range.

Mechanically tunable electromagnetic and photonic devices featuring enhanced spectral tunability with minimal mechanical movement are provided. These nano / micro-electromechanically (N / MEMS) tunable elements, including filters and pixels, rely on leaky-mode resonance effects in subwavelength photonic lattices that constitute periodic wavelengths. Such elements can operate in reflection (bandstop) or transmission (bandpass) modes, and can be arranged in one-dimensional or two-dimensional arrays, or operated as single units, and their spectral regions are controlled by the element design. Input electromagnetic radiation illuminates the element and is then filtered, modulated, analyzed or tuned by the element. Mechanical motion alters the structural symmetry, and therefore, the tuning properties, of the nanostructured subwavelength resonance elements. Further, incorporating metals and dielectrics to generate coexisting plasmonic and leaky-mode resonance effects adds to the versatility of the potential applications.

The present invention discloses a widely wavelength tunable polychrome colloidal photonic crystal device whose optical Bragg diffraction stop bands and higher energy bands wavelength, width and intensity can be tuned in a continuous and fine, rapid and reversible, reproducible and predictable fashion and over a broad spectral range by a controlled expansion or contraction of the colloidal photonic lattice dimension, effected by a predetermined change in the electronic configuration of the composite material. In its preferred embodiment, the material is a composite in the form of a film or a patterned film or shape of any dimension or array of shapes of any dimension comprised of an organized array of microspheres in a matrix of a cross-linked metallopolymer network with a continuously variable redox state of charge and fluid content. The chemo-mechanical and electro-mechanical optical response of the colloidal photonic crystal-metallopolymer gel is exceptionally fast and reversible, attaining its fully swollen state from the dry shrunken state and vice versa on a sub-second time-scale. These composite materials can be inverted by removal of the constituent microspheres from the aforementioned colloidal photonic crystal metallopolymer-gel network to create a macroporous metallopolymer-gel network inverse colloidal photonic crystal film or patterned film or shape of any dimension optical Bragg diffraction stop bands and higher energy bands wavelength, width and intensity can be redox tuned in a continuous and fine, rapid and reversible, reproducible and predictable fashion and over a broad spectral range by a controlled expansion or contraction of the colloidal photonic lattice dimensions.

The invention discloses a single-photon source, which realizes the electrical injection with the photonic crystal micro cavity and the wafer bonding technology. The single-photon source comprises a bottom electrode, an n-shaped substrate, a lower DBR, a photonic crystal micro cavity, an upper DBR, a p-shaped contact layer and a top electrode, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; wherein, the photonic crystal micro cavity of the single-photon source is provided with semiconductor quantum dots; the air hole type photonic crystal defect cavity with a two-dimensional photonic lattice is adopted; the single-photon source realizes the combination of the photonic crystal micro cavity and the upper DBR by adopting the wafer bonding technology; and the electrodes of the single-photon source are evaporated on the upper surface of the p-shaped contact layer and the lower surface of the n-shaped substrate of the upper DBR. The single-photon source not only realizes the electrical injection, but also improves the emission efficiency of the single-photon source.

There is provided an illumination device (100) comprising an energy source (102) for exciting a photon emitter; a first wavelength conversion layer (104) and a second wavelength conversion layer (106). At least one of the first and second wavelength conversion layer comprises a periodic plasmonic antenna array comprising a plurality of individual antenna elements (108). The wavelength converting medium in the wavelength conversion layer in which the antenna array is arranged comprises photon emitters arranged in close proximity of the plasmonic antenna array such that at least a portion of photons emitted from the wavelength conversion layer are emitted by a coupled system comprising the photon emitter and the plasmonic antenna array. The plasmonic antenna array is configured to support plasmonic-photonic lattice resonances at a frequency range corresponding to the wavelength range of the photon emitter in the layer in which the plasmonic antenna array is arranged, such that light emitted from the plasmonic antenna array has an anisotropic angle distribution.

The present invention discloses a widely wavelength tunable polychrome colloidal photonic crystal device whose optical Bragg diffraction stop bands and higher energy bands wavelength, width and intensity can be tuned in a continuous and fine, rapid and reversible, reproducible and predictable fashion and over a broad spectral range by a controlled expansion or contraction of the colloidal photonic lattice dimension, effected by a predetermined change in the electronic configuration of the composite material. In its preferred embodiment, the material is a composite in the form of a film or a patterned film or shape of any dimension or array of shapes of any dimension comprised of an organized array of microspheres in a matrix of a cross-linked metallopolymer network with a continuously variable redox state of charge and fluid content. The chemo-mechanical and electro-mechanical optical response of the colloidal photonic crystal-metallopolymer gel is exceptionally fast and reversible, attaining its fully swollen state from the dry shrunken state and vice versa on a sub-second time-scale. These composite materials can be inverted by removal of the constituent microspheres from the aforementioned colloidal photonic crystal metallopolymer-gel network to create a macroporous metallopolymer-gel network inverse colloidal photonic crystal film or patterned film or shape of any dimension optical Bragg diffraction stop bands and higher energy bands wavelength, width and intensity can be redox tuned in a continuous and fine, rapid and reversible, reproducible and predictable fashion and over a broad spectral range by a controlled expansion or contraction of the colloidal photonic lattice dimensions.

A display has an array of display pixels formed from display layers such as one or more polarizer layers, a substrate on which an array of display pixel elements such as color filter elements and downconverter elements are formed, a liquid crystal layer, and a thin-film transistor layer that includes display pixel electrodes and display pixel thin-film transistors for driving control signals onto the display pixel electrodes to modulate light passing through the display pixels. A light source such as one or more laser diodes or light-emitting diodes may be used to generate light for the display. The light may be launched into the edge of a polymer layer or other light guide plate structure. A light guide plate ma include phase-matched structures such as holographically recorded gratings or photonic lattices that direct the light upwards through the array of display pixels.

There is provided an illumination device (100) comprising: a substrate (104); an optically transmissive first layer (106) arranged on the substrate; a photon emitting layer (108), arranged on the optically transmissive first layer and comprising a photon emitting material configured to receive energy from an energy source and to emit light having a predetermined wavelength; a periodic plasmonic antenna array, arranged on the substrate and embedded within the first layer, and comprising a plurality of individual antenna elements (114) arranged in an antenna array plane, the plasmonic antenna array being configured to support a first lattice resonance at the predetermined wavelength, arising from coupling of localized surface plasmon resonances in the individual antenna elements to photonic modes supported by the system comprising the plasmonic antenna array and the photon emitting layer, wherein the plasmonic antenna array is configured to comprise plasmon resonance modes such that light emitted from the plasmonic antenna array has an anisotropic angle distribution; and wherein the photon emitting layer is arranged at a distance from the antenna array plane corresponding to a location of maximum field enhancement for light out-coupling resulting from the plasmonic-photonic lattice resonances.

An organic light emitting diode microdisplay device comprises a substrate including active circuitry (16) for addressing sub-pixels (10, 12, 14) of the device formed on the substrate, a metal anode layer (18), organic layers (22) at least including a light-emitting layer, a cathode layer (26) and encapsulation layers (28). The device includes at least one photonic lattice (24) having different, well-defined spacings for each sub-pixel that is arranged to emit light of a different colour. The device relies entirely on the photonic lattice (24) to determine the colour of light outcoupled from each sub-pixel.

The EM polarizing structure, which contains a two dimensional planar variation structure, having medium nodes regularly distributed as a two dimensional planar photonic unit lattice cell array on a plane. Each of said unit photonic lattice cells has an operation axis and is identical at each lattice point, which passes a diagonal of said unit photonic lattice cell. The medium nodes within each said planar photonic unit lattice cell are distributed asymmetrical with respect to said operation axis direction and identical at each lattice point. The said EM polarizing structure is used to modulate an input EM wave around an operation frequency of the photonic band associated with said EM wave polarizing structure. Thus a corresponding output EM wave becomes polarized. Moreover, said electromagnetic (EM) wave polarizing structure can be integrated with an EM wave emitting source. Thus an output EM) wave from said device is polarized.

A method of time-resolved pump-probe electron microscopy, comprises the steps of irradiating a sample (1) with a photonic pump pulse (2) being directed on a pump pulse path (3) from a photonic source to the sample (1), irradiating the sample (1) with an electron probe pulse (4) being directed on an electron pulse path (5) from an electron pulse source (10) to the sample (1), wherein the photonic pump pulse (2) and the electron probe pulse (4) arrive at the sample (1) with a predetermined temporal relationship relative to each other, and detecting a sample response to the electron probe pulse (4) irradiation with a detector device (20), wherein the photonic source comprises a photonic lattice structure (30) being arranged adjacent to the electron pulse path (5), and the photonic pump pulse (2) is created by an interaction of the electron probe pulse (4) with the photonic lattice structure (30). Furthermore, an electron microscopy apparatus, configured for time-resolved pump-probe electron microscopy, and a sample supply device (200) for an electron microscopy apparatus (100) are described.

The invention is directed to a process for the creation of a photonic lattice on the surface of an emissive substrate comprising first depositing a thin film metal layer on at least one surface of the substrate, the thin film metal comprising a metal having a melting point lower than the melting point of the substrate, then annealing the thin film metal layer and the substrate to create nano-particles on the substrate surface, and anodizing or plasma etching the annealed thin film metal and substrate to create pores in the nano-particles and the substrate such that upon exposure to high temperature the emissivity of the substrate is refocused to generate emissions in the visible and lower infrared region and to substantially eliminate higher infrared emission, and to the substrate thus created.

The invention provides a method for preparing three-dimensional photonic lattices or photonic quasi-crystals. The method comprises the following steps that laser beams sent out by a laser device are expanded through a beam expander, and then become wide and parallel light beams to irradiate to a multi-wedge prism with the center open; the wide and parallel light beams are transformed into mutually overlapped (n+1) beams of light through the multi-wedge prism with the center open, and a three-dimensional interference light field; a photorefractive material is placed in the three-dimensional interference light field, and the three-dimensional photonic lattices or the photonic quasi-crystals are prepared through exposure. The method is simple in device structure and good in stability and does not need precision adjusting equipment. Only one single multi-wedge prism with the center open is needed, the (n+1) beams of light interference can be achieved, the three-dimensional interference light field is generated, the three-dimensional photonic lattices or the photonic quasi-crystals are further prepared, and the preparing process is simple and reliable.

There is provided an illumination device (100) comprising: a substrate (104); an optically transmissive first layer (106) arranged on the substrate; a photon emitting layer (108), arranged on the optically transmissive first layer and comprising a photon emitting material configured to receive energy from an energy source and to emit light having a predetermined wavelength; and a periodic plasmonic antenna array, arranged on the substrate and embedded within the first layer, and comprising a plurality of individual antenna elements (114) arranged in an antenna array plane, the plasmonic antenna array being configured to support a first lattice resonance at the predetermined wavelength, arising from coupling of localized surface plasmon resonances in the individual antenna elements to photonic modes supported by the system comprising the plasmonic antenna array and the photon emitting layer, wherein the plasmonic antenna array is configured to comprise plasmon resonance modes such that light emitted from the plasmonic antenna array has an anisotropic angle distribution; and wherein the photon emitting layer is arranged at a distance from the antenna array plane corresponding to a location of maximum field enhancement for light out-coupling resulting from the plasmonic-photonic lattice resonances.

There is provided an illumination device (100) comprising: a substrate (104); an optically transmissive first layer (106) arranged on the substrate; a photon emitting layer (108), arranged on the optically transmissive first layer and comprising a photon emitting material configured to receive energy from an energy source and to emit light having a predetermined wavelength; a periodic plasmonic antenna array, arranged on the substrate and embedded within the first layer, and comprising a plurality of individual antenna elements (114) arranged in an antenna array plane, the plasmonic antenna array being configured to support a first lattice resonance at the predetermined wavelength, arising from coupling of localized surface plasmon resonances in the individual antenna elements to photonic modes supported by the system comprising the plasmonic antenna array and the photon emitting layer, wherein the plasmonic antenna array is configured to comprise plasmon resonance modes such that light emitted from the plasmonic antenna array has an anisotropic angle distribution; and wherein the photon emitting layer is arranged at a distance from the antenna array plane corresponding to a location of maximum field enhancement for light out-coupling resulting from the plasmonic-photonic lattice resonances.

Photonic lattice sources drive an optical fiber in an ophthalmic illuminator to illuminate the interior of an eye. To produce white light, an RGB combination of photonic lattice LEDs may be used. Alternatively, a bichromatic combination of photonic lattice LEDs produces white light.

The embodiments of the invention provide a photonic crystal function structure for realizing directional invisibility of underwater sonic wave and a manufacturing method. The photonic crystal function structure includes an aluminum alloy matrix; the aluminum alloy matrix is drilled with holes which are arranged according to the period of a plane equilateral triangle photonic lattice. The middle part of the aluminum alloy matrix is penetrated with a cavity of the aluminum alloy matrix for accommodating the to-be-invisible object. According to the invention, the function structure can only be obtained by drilling the aluminum alloy matrix and is easy to process.

A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) preform, from which a photonic crystal fiber is manufactured, includes a rod-shaped substrate with holes longitudinally formed therethrough in a photonic lattice structure, and material layers having at least two different indices of refraction. The material layers are disposed in the holes, respectively. Distribution of index of refraction of the photonic crystal fiber preform is controlled by arrangement of the material layers. Consequently, an optical fiber with very low optical loss, very low optical nonlinearity and excellent transmission characteristics can be easily manufactured, and an optical fiber with various characteristics, differing depending upon the lattice structure, can be realized.

Disclosed herein is a luminescent photonic structure (10). The luminescent photonic structure (10) comprises a luminescent material (14) that when excited by an excitation light (11) having a wavelength within an excitation wavelength spectrum of the luminescent material (14) emits luminescent light having a luminescence wavelength spectrum. The luminescent photonic structure (10) comprises a photonic crystal (14) disposed between two other photonic crystals (12,16). The photonic crystal (14) has a photonic lattice period within one of the luminescence wavelength spectrum and the excitation wavelength spectrum. The two other photonic crystals (12,16) each have a photonic lattice period within the other of the luminescence wavelength spectrum and the excitation wavelength spectrum for reflecting one of excitation light and luminescent light propagating within the photonic crystal (12). Also disclosed herein is a method for fabricating a luminescent photonic structure, and a method for sensing a chemical substance.

A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) preform, from which a photonic crystal fiber is manufactured, includes a rod-shaped substrate with holes longitudinally formed therethrough in a photonic lattice structure, and material layers having at least two different indices of refraction. The material layers are disposed in the holes, respectively. Distribution of index of refraction of the photonic crystal fiber preform is controlled by arrangement of the material layers. Consequently, an optical fiber with very low optical loss, very low optical nonlinearity and excellent transmission characteristics can be easily manufactured, and an optical fiber with various characteristics, differing depending upon the lattice structure, can be realized.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a GaN-based light-emitting diode with a thin-film photonic lattice structure, and belongs to the technical field of GaN-based light-emitting diodes. The method comprises: growing a multilayer GaN-based light-emitting diode material on a sapphire substrate, including an undoped GaN layer, an n-type GaN layer, multiple quantum wells, and a P-type GaN layer; preparing a GaN-based light-emitting diode material on a GaN-based light-emitting diode material. Light-emitting diode; a layer of organic polymer is uniformly coated on the sapphire substrate; a photonic lattice structure is formed on the organic polymer by using an imprint template; from the side of the organic polymer with a photonic lattice structure, the laser irradiates the The sapphire substrate is separated from the non-doped GaN layer, and at the same time, the non-doped GaN layer material forms a photonic lattice structure, thereby obtaining a GaN-based light-emitting diode with a thin-film photonic lattice structure. The invention is suitable for preparing GaN-based light-emitting diodes with a thin-film photonic lattice structure in a large area.

A method of manufacturing a nanopatterned biophotonic structure includes forming a customized nanopattern mask on a substrate using E-beam lithography, providing a biopolymer matrix solution, depositing the biopolymer matrix solution on the substrate, and drying the biopolymer matrix solution to form a solidified biopolymer film. A surface of the film is formed with the nanopattern mask, or a nanopattern is machined directly on a surface of the film using E-beam lithograpy such that the biopolymer film exhibits a spectral signature corresponding to the E-beam lithograpy nanopattern. The resulting bio-compatible nanopatterned biophotonic structures may be made from silk, may be biodegradable, and may be bio-sensing devices. The biophotonic structures may employ nanopatterned masks based on non-periodic photonic lattices, and the biophotonic structures may be designed with specific spectral signatures for use in probing biological substances, including displaying optical activity in the form of opalescence.

The invention provides a dual-input dual-output optical switch based on a defective nonlinear photonic lattice, which includes a first waveguide layer and a second waveguide layer. The first waveguide layer is arranged on the upper part of the second waveguide layer; the first waveguide layer includes Including N+m waveguides, where the serial number is v 1 to v N The N waveguides are nonlinear waveguides, and N+m waveguides are arranged on the same horizontal plane, where m is a positive integer; the second waveguide layer includes N-1 linear waveguides, and the N-1 linear waveguides are arranged on the same horizontal plane Above; where the serial number is u 1 The linear waveguide has a positive defect, numbered u N‑1 The linear waveguide has a negative defect; the dual-input dual-output optical switch also includes two input ports and two output ports. The invention has a non-linearly dependent optical switch transmittance. Different light intensities at different input ends have different light-passing states, can flexibly regulate the opening and closing of the light path, and can realize light path protection under high input light intensity.

The binary photonic lattice includes a waveguide array having a plurality of single-mode waveguides disposed in a substrate, the plurality of single-mode waveguides including one or more first waveguides having a first V number V1 and one or more second waveguides having a second V number V2. The first V number V1 is less than the second V number V2. The one or more first and second waveguides are arranged in a linear distribution having first and second edge waveguide regions and a binary waveguide region between the first and second edge waveguide regions. The binary waveguide region is a symmetric binary representation of two or more decimal numbers. Further, the binary waveguide region comprises at least one first waveguide representing a number 0 of a symmetric binary representation and / or at least one second waveguide representing a number 1 of a symmetric binary representation.

A method of time-resolved pump-probe electron microscopy, comprises the steps of irradiating a sample (1) with a photonic pump pulse (2) being directed on a pump pulse path (3) from a photonic source to the sample (1), irradiating the sample (1) with an electron probe pulse (4) being directed on an electron pulse path (5) from an electron pulse source (10) to the sample (1), wherein the photonic pump pulse (2) and the electron probe pulse (4) arrive at the sample (1) with a predetermined temporal relationship relative to each other, and detecting a sample response to the electron probe pulse (4) irradiation with a detector device (20), wherein the photonic source comprises a photonic lattice structure (30) being arranged adjacent to the electron pulse path (5), and the photonic pump pulse (2) is created by an interaction of the electron probe pulse (4) with the photonic lattice structure (30). Furthermore, an electron microscopy apparatus, configured for time-resolved pump-probe electron microscopy, and a sample supply device (200) for an electron microscopy apparatus (100) are described.