38 results about "Respiratory quotient" patented technology

A method and apparatus for determining a user's Respiratory Quotient (RQ) using just measured O₂ and CO₂ concentrations without use of a flow meter. The RQ is determined by measuring the user's real-time inspired O₂ concentration (INS O2) and end tidal O₂ concentration (ETO2) and measuring the user's real-time inspired CO₂ concentration (INS CO2) and end tidal CO₂ concentration (ETCO2), and then determining the user's RQ from the measured INS O2, ETO2, INS CO2, and ETCO2 values in accordance with the following equation: RQ=(ETCO2−INS CO2)/(INS O2−ETO2). In order to avoid error introduced by the flow rate, the measurement steps are preferably performed while the user is in a resting condition. Also, ETCO2 is preferably measured as the maximum CO₂ value in a breath cycle of the user, while INS CO2 is preferably measured as the minimum CO₂ value in a breath cycle of the user. Similarly, ETO2 is preferably measured as the minimum O₂ value within a breath cycle of the user, while INS O2 is measured as the maximum O₂ value within a breath cycle of the user. On the other hand, the values of INS CO2 and ETCO2 also may be determined in accordance with the invention by analysis of a CO₂ waveform of a breath cycle of the user and the values of INS O2 and ETO2 determined by synchronizing timing of the O₂ waveform of a breath cycle of the user with the CO₂ waveform and sampling INS O2 and ETO2 values simultaneously with sampling of complementary CO₂ values determined by analysis of the CO₂ wavefomm. The RQ measuring device may include the oxygen and CO₂ sensors in a mainstream or sidestream configuration.

The invention provides a method for process optimization and data amplification for bioreactors. The method comprises the following steps: (a) measuring the physiological metabolism parameter, and physiologic metabolism parameter correlation related characteristics or combination thereof of each bioreactor, wherein the physiologic metabolism parameter is selected from oxygen dissolution rate, oxygen intake rate, respiratory quotient, volume oxygen transfer coefficient or combination thereof; (b) comparing the physiologic metabolism parameter and physiologic metabolism parameter related characteristics measured in step (a) with the preset physiologic metabolism parameter, and physiologic metabolism parameter related characteristics or combination thereof; selecting the bioreactor of which the physiologic metabolism parameter and physiologic metabolism parameter related characteristics most approaching to the preset values; and determining the optimized amplification bioreactor, wherein the physiologic metabolism parameter is specified in step (a).

The invention discloses a control method for gluconate production by a microbiological method. A high-yield gluconic acid strain is adopted as an original strain, which is moved into a fermentation tank for fermentation production of gluconate after seed culture. During fermentation, according to an on-line respiratory quotient (RQ), the adding speed and adding amount of glucose can be controlledin real time. The control method of the invention can make the glucose consumption rate reach 12g/L/h, and the conversion rate of production in the fermentation tank reach over 110%, thus realizing automatic flow feeding and substantially reducing the production cost.

A citric acid preparation method comprises a step that aspergillus niger is inoculated to fermentation liquor to produce citric acid in a fermentation way, wherein the fermentation temperature of the rise phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient is 35-45 DEG C, the fermentation temperature of the decline phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient is 30-40 DEG C, the fermentation temperature of the low-level maintenance phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient is 30-40 DEG C, and the fermentation temperature of the rebound phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient is 35-45 DEG C; the fermentation temperature of the rise phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient is higher than that of the decline phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient, the fermentation temperature of the decline phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient is higher than that of the low-level maintenance phase of the aspergillus niger quotient, the fermentation temperature of the rebound phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient is higher than those of the decline phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient and the low-level maintenance phase of the aspergillus niger respiratory quotient. With the adoption of the method, the fermentation efficiency can be effectively improved, and the fermentation period is shortened.

The invention discloses a genetically engineered bacterium for directly producing L-aspartic acid through fermentation. The classification naming of the genetically engineered bacterium is Escherichia coli CM-AS-115, and the preservation number of the genetically engineered bacterium is CCTCC NO: M 2016457. The bacterial strain relates to inactivation of multiple genes, evolution, metabolism and domestication are simultaneously carried out on the bacterial strain which knockouts the multiple genes, and a mutant strain, namely, CM-AS-105, which has a lower respiratory quotient under the aerobic condition and of which the highest dry cell weight is 60-70% of dry weight of an original strain W1485 is obtained; meanwhile, the bacterial strain further relates to over expressions of two genes, wherein the two genes comprise an enol phosphate type pyruvate carboxylase encoding gene (ppc) and an aspartase encoding gene (aspA), and the obtained bacterial strain is CM-AS-115. The genetically engineered bacterium for directly producing L-aspartic acid through fermentation achieves a way of completely adopting renewable biomass resources such as starch and cellulose as raw materials to ferment and prepare the L-aspartic acid, and the way is green and environmentally friendly.

A system for determining resting metabolic rate (RMR) based primarily on oxygen consumption is described. The system consists of an enclosed, sealed chamber within which the patient/subject sits or reclines. The rate of volumetric oxygen change in the system is then monitored to determine the subjects' oxygen consumption rate. The rate of the subjects volumetric oxygen consumption is then converted by the system, using the widely accepted Weir formulation, to calculate RMR. The system is capable of making this calculation in under 10 minutes, making the measurement highly convenient for the subject. The system contains a display mounted on or within the chamber to both serve as a user interface, as well as to serve as a platform for informative programming such as advertisements for weight loss and diet centers and nutrition related products. The system contains a money dispensing system in order that users can pay for the metabolic test. Finally, the system is also capable of obtaining two ancillary parameters, percent body fat and respiratory quotient.

The invention provides a method for optimizing and scaling up the fermentation process using a bioreactor device. The method comprises the following steps: 1. measuring physiological parameters and the related characteristics or combined characteristics of the physiological parameters of the fermentation process of the bioreactor device, wherein the physiological parameters are selected from the following parameters: dissolved oxygen, oxygen uptake rate, pH, carbon dioxide excretion rate, respiratory quotient, living cell rate or cell shape, consumption of measured metabolic product or matrix or combined characteristics; and 2. comparing the physiological parameters and the related characteristics or combined characteristics which are measured in the step 2, with preset physiological parameters and the related characteristics or combined characteristics; selecting a bioreactor device of which data are most similar to the preset values; and determining the optimized and scaled-up bioreactor device, wherein the physiological parameters are shown in the step 1.

A method for the determining the ratio of oxygen consumption to carbon dioxide production, commonly known as the respiratory quotient, in expired breath, and a device to carry out the method without providing volumetric measurements.

The invention relates to a fermentation method and particularly relates to a method for preparing 1,5-pentanediamine by fermentation. The method for preparing 1,5-pentanediamine by fermentation comprises the steps of converting a substrate into 1,5-pentanediamine through bacterial fermentation and controlling RQ (respiratory quotient) to be 1.2-2.2 by controlling a speed for adding ammonium sulfate in stages in the fermenting process. The method can solve the technical problem of low pentanediamine conversion rate in a current preparation method.

The invention discloses a basal metabolism measuring device. The basal metabolism measuring device comprises a housing (1), a control device (2), an oxygen concentration measuring device (3), a carbondioxide concentration measuring device (4), a flow measuring device (5) and a collecting pipeline (6), wherein the oxygen concentration measuring device (3), the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (4), the flow measuring device (5) and the collecting pipeline (6) are connected with the control device (2); the flow measuring device (5) is arranged at an air inlet of the measuring deviceand connected with the collecting pipeline (6); the air outlet end of the collecting pipeline (6) is connected with the air inlet end of the oxygen concentration measuring device (3); the air outletend of the oxygen concentration measuring device (3) is connected with the air inlet end of the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (4); and the air outlet end of the carbon dioxide concentration measuring device (4) is connected with the backflow end of the collecting pipeline. The flow speed, the carbon dioxide concentration and the oxygen concentration of exhaled air of a human body can be measured in real time, and the respiratory quotient and the metabolic rate can be calculated according to the weight and the height of the human body. The basal metabolism measuring device is small, exquisite, quite convenient to carry and easy to operate.

Apparatus and methods for assessing metabolic substrate utilization are described. In one embodiment, a processor-readable medium includes code to receive data indicative of a plasma glucose concentration, a plasma free fatty acid concentration, and a respiratory quotient of a subject. The processor-readable medium also includes code to calculate, based on the data, respective values of a set of metabolic parameters. The set of metabolic parameters includes a first metabolic parameter and a second metabolic parameter. The value of the first metabolic parameter is indicative of whether the subject has a predisposition towards oxidation of a first type of metabolic substrate or a second type of metabolic substrate, and the value of the second metabolic parameter is indicative of the subject's responsiveness to a change in availability of the first type of metabolic substrate or the second type of metabolic substrate.

The invention relates to a method for fermentative production, on an industrial scale, of lipid-rich biomass of microalgae of the Chlorella genus having acceptable sensory properties, characterised in that the dissolved oxygen availability in the fermenter is controlled by tracking the respiratory quotient of said microalgae.

The present invention describes a method for producing an antibody in Pichia pastoris, such as by fed-batch fermentation. The method may include a strategy of increasing the ethanol concentration to 18-22 g/L and then maintaining the ethanol level at 5-17 g/L to stabilize the cell mass and enhance the production rate of the antibody. The method may also include the addition of 2.0-5.0 g/L of hydroxyurea during the fermentation process to sustain a constant cell density and enhance the whole broth titer of the antibody. The method may further include a respiratory quotient control for monitoring the ethanol profile and to improve the quality of the antibody by, for example, eliminating clipping of the heavy chain.

The invention provides a respiration work station and an oxygen supply method thereof. The respiration work station has a normal-frequency jet mode and a normal frequency/ electrocardio trigger compound jet mode. A monitoring system receives human body electrocardiogram original data, analyzes the electrocardiogram original data, extracts a cardiac cycle and single/double frequency jet mode transition point data and sends the cardiac cycle and single/double frequency jet mode transition point data to a double-channel jet ventilation system. The double-channel jet ventilation system receives the cardiac cycle and single/double frequency jet mode transition point data sent by the monitoring station, combines the cardiac cycle and single/double frequency jet mode transition point data with aninput respiratory quotient to determine a double/single frequency jet mode transition point, implements transition from the normal frequency jet mode to the normal frequency/ electrocardio trigger compound jet mode at the single/double frequency jet mode transition point and implements transition from normal frequency/ electrocardio trigger compound jet mode to the normal frequency jet mode at the double/single frequency jet mode transition point. By the adoption of the respiration work station and the oxygen supply method thereof, the jet mode is adjusted according to the physiological stateof a user, and the purpose of improving the survival rate of patients is achieved.