113 results about "Small magnitude" patented technology

To reduce bandwidth of non-scalable MPEG-2 coded video, certain non-zero AC DCT coefficients for the 8x8 blocks are removed from the MPEG-2 coded video. In one implementation, high-frequency AC DCT coefficients are removed at the end of the coefficient scan order. This method requires the least computation and is most desirable if the reduced-bandwidth video is to be spatially sub-sampled. In another implementation, the smallest-magnitude AC DCT coefficients are removed. This method may produce an undesirable increase in the frequency of occurrence of escape sequences in the (run, level) coding. This frequency can be reduced by retaining certain non-zero AC DCT coefficients that are not the largest magnitude coefficients, and by increasing a quantization scale to reduce the coefficient levels. The reduced-bandwidth video can be used for a variety of applications, such as browsing for search and play-list generation, bit stream scaling for splicing, and bit-rate adjustment for services with limited resources and for multiplexing of transport streams.

The present invention relates to a method of transforming images, in particular photographs, into stereoscopic images, and also to images, and visual or audiovisual programs including sequences of images obtained by said method, and in particular to motion pictures and video games. The invention is achieved by:separating an image background into complementary color components, that are advantageously red, blue, and green;displacing at least one of the color components relative to the others, advantageously by shifting two color components through small amplitudes in opposite directions with the third color component, typically green, remaining stationary, or by rotating two color components in opposite directions through small amplitudes, with the third color component remaining stationary; andsuperposing an image that forms a foreground for the image.

The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea operation type ROVs, in particular to a dynamics and kinematics estimation method for a deep sea operation type ROV. The method comprises the steps of establishing a fixed coordinate system, a body coordinate system and a propeller coordinate system, and estimating a matrix for coordinate transform in six freedom degrees; estimating the mass matrix of the operation type ROV and a caused coriolis force and centripetal force matrix; estimating water power borne by the operation type ROV; estimating the static force borne by the operation type ROV; estimating the thrust of the operation type ROV; estimating unknown disturbance terms; determining the ultimate dynamic and kinematic model of the operation type ROV. According to the dynamics and kinematics estimation method for the deep sea operation type ROV, dynamic and kinematic modeling of the deep sea operation type ROV is carried out on the basis of dynamics, fluid mechanics, submarine maneuverability and other theories, aiming at complex mathematic models of underwater vehicles, the symmetry theory and the method of neglecting small magnitudes are utilized to simplify the mathematic models of the deep sea operation type ROV, and the established models can be used for estimating the stress situations of the ROV more accurately.

A method of performing data/information recording and retrieval utilizing a multilevel patterned magnetic medium, comprises: (a) providing a magnetic recording system including a read/write head and a multilevel patterned magnetic recording medium including a plurality of spaced apart elements each comprising a stacked plurality n of magnetic recording cells with different magnetic properties and magnetically decoupled from overlying and/or underlying cells; (b) providing relative movement between the write head and magnetic recording medium; and; (c) writing to the medium by supplying the write head with a modulated write current comprising a plurality n of pulses of different magnitudes while the head moves past each element, thereby applying n different magnetic field strengths to each element, the write current including a first pulse of magnitude sufficient to write to a first cell of each element having a highest magnetic coercivity of said cells, and n−1 succeeding pulses of progressively smaller magnitude for sequentially writing to the remaining n−1 lower magnetic coercivity cells of each element but of insufficient magnitude to write to progressively higher magnetic coercivity cells; whereby the writing occurs in a single pass of the write head past each element.

The present invention discloses an energy harvesting device that converts small magnitude and low frequency vibrations into electrical energy. The device can include a base, a low frequency element, and a piezoelectric element. The low frequency element can be movably attached to the base and the piezoelectric element can also be attached to the base and be spaced apart from the low frequency element with a vacant space therebetween. Upon vibration of the low frequency element resulting from environmental vibrations, the low frequency element can impact the piezoelectric element and cause elastic deformation thereto.

A vehicle occupants protection system wherein a front pillar garnish is mounted on a passenger compartment side of a front pillar which supports a roof with a predetermined amount of space being maintained therebetween for accommodating a side airbag, as well as a small impact absorbing member for absorbing an impact of such a small magnitude that the side airbag remains unopened, whereby the side airbag is inflated by gas generated when an impact of a predetermined magnitude or more is applied to a side of a vehicle so as to expand into a passenger compartment while forcibly opening one end portion of the front pillar garnish. A bottom surface of the small impact absorbing member is divided into two portions, a rear half portion located closer to the side airbag and a front half portion located farther away from the side airbag. Only the front half portion is attached to the front pillar garnish.

The present invention relates to an energy harvesting apparatus capable of converting small magnitude low frequency vibrational energy into useful electrical energy that may be stored and used to power microelectronic devices and rechargeable battery technologies. The energy harvesting apparatus utilizes a piezoelectric device coupled to a pneumatic controller for modulating the vibrational energy received from vibrational energy source into a useful alternating energy waveform. A rectifier is further coupled to the piezoelectric device for converting alternating electrical energy to direct current energy for supporting associated external circuitry.

A motor control device that has a high-frequency component, and a DC bias component that has a magnitude which causes a motor to be magnetically saturated and take on a certain value over a predetermined period, and is positively and negatively symmetrical are impressed as an observation command on a d-axis current command. The polarity of the magnetic pole of a permanent magnet is identified based on a relationship of large and small magnitudes between a first amplitude, which is attained during a period during which a DC bias component takes on a positive certain value, among amplitudes of a high- frequency component contained in a d-axis response voltage computed based on a feedback current respondent to the observation command, and a second amplitude attained during a period during which the DC bias component takes on a negative certain value.

The invention discloses a shutter type wind shield for a high-speed railway bridge. The wind shield comprises at least two stand columns, wherein a gap is reserved between every two stand columns, bottoms of the stand columns are fixed on the ground or on a base, at least one wind blocking blade which can rotate along the central axis of the blade and used for blocking crosswind is arranged between every two adjacent stand columns, and a gap is reserved between rotation tracks of every two adjacent wind blocking blades. The wind blocking blades change rotation angles according to the magnitude of the crosswind, and for small-magnitude crosswind, the flow direction of the crosswind is changed while ventilation is performed through rotation of the small-angle wind blocking blades; for large-magnitude crosswind, the wind blocking blades rotate to be parallel to the wind coming direction, the crosswind directly passes through the gaps between the wind blocking blades, andthe wind load acting force caused by the large-magnitude crosswind to the shutter type wind shield is reduced, so that the effect transmitted by the shutter type wind shield to the bridge at the lower part is reduced, the normal design and operation of the bridge are guaranteed, and the extra cost caused by resistance to the crosswind is reduced.

A portable spectrophotometric system for detecting one or more target substances. In a representative embodiment, a system of the invention has an optical grating, an array of photo-detectors, and a MEMS device having a movable plate positioned between the grating and the array. Light transmitted through a gaseous sample is dispersed by the grating and is imaged onto the movable plate, which has a plurality of openings corresponding to selected infrared absorption lines of the target substance. A small-amplitude oscillation is imparted onto the plate such that the openings periodically move in and out of alignment with the corresponding intensity features in the image, which modulates electrical signals generated by the corresponding photo-detectors. A lock-in signal processor analyzes the modulation pattern by comparing it to the pattern expected in the presence of the target substance. When a positive correlation between the patterns is established, the system warns the user about the presence of the target substance.

The invention provides a charging method for improving charging efficiency of a lithium ion battery. The positive electrode of the lithium ion battery comprises i ( i is greater than or equal to 2) kinds of active substances; the charging method comprises the following steps: (1) voltage is divided into n sections from a small magnitude to a high magnitude within a limited charge voltage scope of the battery, wherein the n is greater than or equal to i; and (2) constant current charging is performed in each voltage section separately; the current is not lower than 0.01C charging multiplying power of a to-be-charged battery, and the charging currents for the adjacent voltage sections are different; when an end voltage of a voltage section is reached, constant voltage charging is performed on the voltage section by the end voltage, or a next voltage section is subjected to the constant current charging, or the charging process is stopped. The charging method can improve the charging efficiency of the battery, and charge the battery with more electric quantity at a shorter time for realizing the rapid charging of the battery.

An optical module 11a comprises an optical-receptacle housing 13, an optical-communication subassembly 15, and a holder 17. The flange portion 13b has a plurality of first portions 13c, which extend along a reference plane perpendicular to a predetermined axis, Ax, and a plurality of second portions 13d, each of which is positioned between the first portions 13c. The outer periphery of the first portions 13c is positioned at the outside of a reference cylinder whose center is coincident with the predetermined axis Ax. The outer periphery of the second portions 13d is positioned at the inside of the reference cylinder. The optical-receptacle housing 13 and the holder 17 are temporarily fixed to each other at the second portions 13d of the flange portion 13b through second bonding members 27a to 27d. The optical-receptacle housing 13 and the holder 17 are further fixed with increased strength to each other at the first portions 13c of the flange portion 13b through first bonding members 25a to 25d. As a result, the deviation in optical alignment can be decreased to a small magnitude.

Aspects of this disclosure relate to transmitting and/or receiving a frequency-shift keying signal including a packet that includes a preamble and a payload. The preamble has a first modulation index that has a smaller magnitude than a second modulation index of the payload. This can enhance frequency correction in a receive device that receives the packet.

The AC undervoltage detecting circuit can fast detect the fast drop in AC voltage and slowly detect the slow drop in AC voltage to ensure the UPS inverter to output AC voltage matching the requirement to the load. The AC undervoltage detecting circuit has bridge rectifier with output connected to both the input of the fast filter and the input of the slow filter, the output of the fast filter and the output of the slow filter connected separately to the input of the fast detection circuit and the slow detection circuit separately, the output of the fast detection circuit and the output of the slow detection circuit connected to the inputs of the or-gate, and D-trigger with input connected to the output of the or-gate and output Q as detection result.

The invention relates to a method for searching images for vehicles on the basis of a convolutional neural network. The method comprises the steps that images sets of different vehicles are collected, training is conducted in a typical convolutional neural network model by taking the same vehicles as positive sample pairs and taking the different vehicles as negative sample pairs, similarity differences or classification errors are minimized, a group of vehicle feature expression methods are learned, a result of a data layer can be taken as texture features of the vehicles after the vehicle images are propagated forwards in the convolutional neural network model, the similarity between the features of the vehicles to be retrieved and the features of retrieve set vehicles is calculated through the features, and a result for searching the images for the vehicles is obtained by conducting sorting according to the similarity. According to the method, the vehicle image appearance expression methods are learned through the convolutional neural network, and compared with SIFT features, HoG features and the like, the purposiveness is higher, the features are more visual, the extra metric learning process is not needed, the searching accuracy and precision are significantly improved, the feature dimension number can be controlled to be at the small magnitude, and quick searching in a large image library can be achieved.

The invention provides an adhesive-free testing device and method for a rock direct tensile test. The adhesive-free testing device comprises an external support and an internal support, wherein the external support and the internal support are sheathed together through an internal support strut mounting hole and an internal support strut; the invention further provides an adhesive-free testing method for rock direct tensile test; the defects that by using the existing experimental method and due to strong rock crispiness, the connection test is fail by adopting the adhesion manner due to pooradhesion intensity, uneven adhesive thickness or end falling; a crispy material test piece is fixedly arranged through an upper base and a lower base without the need of high-intensity adhesive adhesion, in application of pressure, the internal support and an upper pull head are fixed, the external support moves downward to drive a lower pull head to directly stretching the crispy material test piece, thus facilitating observation; during stretching process, the upper pull head and the lower pull head can eliminate the eccentricity of the test piece through small-amplitude rotation during stretching process; therefore, pressure can be converted into pull, thus realizing the direct tensile of the crispy material test piece such as rock and the like.

Comparison circuits are provided, corresponding to a plurality of pull up transistors, each for comparing a voltage at an output node and each respective reference voltage different in voltage level from other, and for adjusting a drive current of a corresponding output pull up transistor, and further comparison circuits are provided, corresponding to a plurality of pull down transistors, each for comparing the voltage of the output node and each respective reference voltage different in voltage level from other, and each for adjusting an amount of a drive current of a corresponding pull down transistor in accordance with a result of comparison. The reference voltages each are set to a voltage level between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage. Without a dedicated power supply pin terminal, a signal of a small amplitude having the amplitude limited stably and precisely can be output at high speed.

Embodiments of the present invention enable compression and decompression of data. Applications of the present invention are its use in embodiments of systems for compression and decompression of GPS long-term Ephemeris (LTE) data, although the present invention is not limited to such applications. In embodiments, the LTE data may be grouped into a set of data values associated with a parameter. In embodiments, a data set may be compressed by using a multi-order differencing scheme. In such a scheme, a set of the differences between values may be compressed because the differences have smaller magnitudes than the values. In embodiments, a multi-order differencing scheme determines how many levels (orders) of differencing may be applied to an original data set before it is compressed. In embodiments, the original data may be recovered from a compressed data set based on the type of multi-order differencing scheme used to generate the compressed data.

A small amplitude signal output circuit comprises an output section, for receiving a logic signal to output a small amplitude signal, having first and second transistors connected in series between a first source line and a second source line, and voltage control sections connected between each of the source lines and the output section for reducing the output voltage supplied from the output node, thereby allowing ON-resistance of the transistors of the output section to be smaller. The small ON-resistance of the transistors in turn allows variations in the output voltage of the output circuit caused by variations in the fabrication process to be smaller. The voltage control sections may have a function for reducing variations in the output circuit due to temperature variation.