117 results about "Small magnitude" patented technology

To reduce bandwidth of non-scalable MPEG-2 coded video, certain non-zero AC DCT coefficients for the 8x8 blocks are removed from the MPEG-2 coded video. In one implementation, high-frequency AC DCT coefficients are removed at the end of the coefficient scan order. This method requires the least computation and is most desirable if the reduced-bandwidth video is to be spatially sub-sampled. In another implementation, the smallest-magnitude AC DCT coefficients are removed. This method may produce an undesirable increase in the frequency of occurrence of escape sequences in the (run, level) coding. This frequency can be reduced by retaining certain non-zero AC DCT coefficients that are not the largest magnitude coefficients, and by increasing a quantization scale to reduce the coefficient levels. The reduced-bandwidth video can be used for a variety of applications, such as browsing for search and play-list generation, bit stream scaling for splicing, and bit-rate adjustment for services with limited resources and for multiplexing of transport streams.

A multiplicity of synchronized inverters for driving a multiplicity of loads such as CCFLs that require high ac voltages are arranged in close proximity of the respective loads and controlled in phase. A frequency determination capacitor and a frequency determination resistor are connected to one of the inverters to generate a triangular wave signal and a clock signal. The triangular wave signal and clock signal thus generated are supplied to other inverters to synchronize all the loads so that they can be controlled in phase. The resistance of the frequency determination resistor is set to a substantially small magnitude at the time of startup to increase the frequency of the triangular wave signal, thereby enabling quick startup of the loads.

A reference clock receiver structure according to the invention is provided. The structure preferably includes an input buffer that is formed from a PMOS differentiated pair of transistors and a first supply voltage. The PMOS differential pair receives a pair of differential inputs, and produces a pair of differential outputs. The structure also includes a level shifter that is coupled to receive the pair of differential outputs from the input buffer to provide gain to the pair of differential outputs to form a gained pair of differential outputs. The level shifter that includes a second supply voltage. The second supply voltage may have a smaller magnitude than the first supply voltage. Finally, the structure includes a CMOS buffer that is coupled to receive the gained pair of differential outputs. The CMOS buffer boosts the gained pair of differential outputs and converts the gained differential pair outputs into a single signal.

The invention relates to the technical field of deep sea operation type ROVs, in particular to a dynamics and kinematics estimation method for a deep sea operation type ROV. The method comprises the steps of establishing a fixed coordinate system, a body coordinate system and a propeller coordinate system, and estimating a matrix for coordinate transform in six freedom degrees; estimating the mass matrix of the operation type ROV and a caused coriolis force and centripetal force matrix; estimating water power borne by the operation type ROV; estimating the static force borne by the operation type ROV; estimating the thrust of the operation type ROV; estimating unknown disturbance terms; determining the ultimate dynamic and kinematic model of the operation type ROV. According to the dynamics and kinematics estimation method for the deep sea operation type ROV, dynamic and kinematic modeling of the deep sea operation type ROV is carried out on the basis of dynamics, fluid mechanics, submarine maneuverability and other theories, aiming at complex mathematic models of underwater vehicles, the symmetry theory and the method of neglecting small magnitudes are utilized to simplify the mathematic models of the deep sea operation type ROV, and the established models can be used for estimating the stress situations of the ROV more accurately.

The invention discloses a six-freedom vibration excitation system. The six-freedom vibration excitation system is composed of a mechanical structure subsystem, an air floating support subsystem and an electric control hardware subsystem. The mechanical structure subsystem comprises an upper platform, a lower platform and six motion branched chains, wherein each motion branched chain is composed of a two-freedom hook joint, a three-freedom hook joint and a voice coil motor actuator. The air floating support subsystem comprises air spring elements, thread screw elevators and a corresponding pneumatic control loop, for offsetting the gravity of a load in case of motion and non-motion conditions of the six-freedom vibration excitation system. The electric control hardware subsystem comprises sensors, signal conditioners, a control computer, a D / A board, an A / D board and a power amplifier, for controlling the six-freedom vibration excitation system. The six-freedom vibration excitation system has the following advantages: multi-freedom high-precision small-magnitude vibration excitation (including sine, frequency sweep and random vibration) under various conditions is provided for correlation precision instruments in the field of a spaceflight technology, and an on-orbit vibration environment is simulated and the instrument reliability is examined in a laboratory environment.

Disclosed are a holographic reconstructing device and its application for portable electronic products. The holographic reconstructing device includes a compound hologram (9), a hologram seat (91), and a rebuilding light source (12). The compound hologram (9) is a flat-disk contour and disposed on the hologram seat (91). The rebuilding light source (12) is an LED and disposed under the hologram seat (91). The LED takes advantage of a small magnitude, less electricity consumption, simplified components, and a narrow bandwidth to definite a rebuilt image. The application of the flat-disk compound hologram is in a smooth-lying placement while reconstructing, which preferably occupies less space and facilitates user's observation as the rebuilt image is placed on the top of the compound hologram. The embedding of the holographic reconstructing device into the products would not affect the dimension of the products, thereby exhibiting realistic images on an individual space and forming a strong visual, clear impression, and a newly entertaining effect.

A method of performing data / information recording and retrieval utilizing a multilevel patterned magnetic medium, comprises: (a) providing a magnetic recording system including a read / write head and a multilevel patterned magnetic recording medium including a plurality of spaced apart elements each comprising a stacked plurality n of magnetic recording cells with different magnetic properties and magnetically decoupled from overlying and / or underlying cells; (b) providing relative movement between the write head and magnetic recording medium; and; (c) writing to the medium by supplying the write head with a modulated write current comprising a plurality n of pulses of different magnitudes while the head moves past each element, thereby applying n different magnetic field strengths to each element, the write current including a first pulse of magnitude sufficient to write to a first cell of each element having a highest magnetic coercivity of said cells, and n−1 succeeding pulses of progressively smaller magnitude for sequentially writing to the remaining n−1 lower magnetic coercivity cells of each element but of insufficient magnitude to write to progressively higher magnetic coercivity cells; whereby the writing occurs in a single pass of the write head past each element.

In order to provide a stapler in which a large volume of paper can be fastened together with a small magnitude of force in a stable fashion, there is provided a stapler 1 having a base portion 2 which comprises a rotatable clinching portion 10, a magazine portion 3 which is pivotally attached to rotate to a position on the base portion 2 thereabove which lies in the vicinity of a rear end thereof by a spindle 25, a push-down portion 5 which is pivotally attached to rotate to a position on the base portion 2 which lies in the vicinity of the rear end thereof in such a manner as to be disposed above the magazine portion 3 and which has a driving blade 46 in the vicinity of a front end thereof, and a handle member 6 which is pivotally attached to rotate to a handle support member 7 which is fixed to the base portion 2 in a position on the handle member 6 which lies in the vicinity of a front end thereof and which is adapted to be brought into contact with the vicinity of a front end of an upper portion of the push-down member 5 so as to lower the push-down member 5, wherein the clinching portion 10 comprises a slider 13 which slides along sliding support shafts 17 to permit a lowering operation of the clinching portion 10, and wherein the handle member 6 comprises a roller 61 in a position which is in contact with the push-down portion 5.

The present invention discloses an energy harvesting device that converts small magnitude and low frequency vibrations into electrical energy. The device can include a base, a low frequency element, and a piezoelectric element. The low frequency element can be movably attached to the base and the piezoelectric element can also be attached to the base and be spaced apart from the low frequency element with a vacant space therebetween. Upon vibration of the low frequency element resulting from environmental vibrations, the low frequency element can impact the piezoelectric element and cause elastic deformation thereto.

A vehicle occupants protection system wherein a front pillar garnish is mounted on a passenger compartment side of a front pillar which supports a roof with a predetermined amount of space being maintained therebetween for accommodating a side airbag, as well as a small impact absorbing member for absorbing an impact of such a small magnitude that the side airbag remains unopened, whereby the side airbag is inflated by gas generated when an impact of a predetermined magnitude or more is applied to a side of a vehicle so as to expand into a passenger compartment while forcibly opening one end portion of the front pillar garnish. A bottom surface of the small impact absorbing member is divided into two portions, a rear half portion located closer to the side airbag and a front half portion located farther away from the side airbag. Only the front half portion is attached to the front pillar garnish.

The present invention relates to an energy harvesting apparatus capable of converting small magnitude low frequency vibrational energy into useful electrical energy that may be stored and used to power microelectronic devices and rechargeable battery technologies. The energy harvesting apparatus utilizes a piezoelectric device coupled to a pneumatic controller for modulating the vibrational energy received from vibrational energy source into a useful alternating energy waveform. A rectifier is further coupled to the piezoelectric device for converting alternating electrical energy to direct current energy for supporting associated external circuitry.

The invention relates to a method for improving the after images of a thin-film transistor liquid crystal display (LCD) and a device thereof. AC components are loaded on a DC common electrode voltage, namely sine wave with slow change and comparatively small amplitude, which results in that the common electrode voltage slowly and slightly swings with the change of time when the thin-film transistor LCD is used, thus reducing or eliminating the effect of generating after images caused by that the deviation voltage is loaded on a pixel electrode for a long time due to deviation between an ideal value and an actual value of the common electrode voltage, and mitigating the after images.

A motor control device that has a high-frequency component, and a DC bias component that has a magnitude which causes a motor to be magnetically saturated and take on a certain value over a predetermined period, and is positively and negatively symmetrical are impressed as an observation command on a d-axis current command. The polarity of the magnetic pole of a permanent magnet is identified based on a relationship of large and small magnitudes between a first amplitude, which is attained during a period during which a DC bias component takes on a positive certain value, among amplitudes of a high- frequency component contained in a d-axis response voltage computed based on a feedback current respondent to the observation command, and a second amplitude attained during a period during which the DC bias component takes on a negative certain value.

The invention discloses a shutter type wind shield for a high-speed railway bridge. The wind shield comprises at least two stand columns, wherein a gap is reserved between every two stand columns, bottoms of the stand columns are fixed on the ground or on a base, at least one wind blocking blade which can rotate along the central axis of the blade and used for blocking crosswind is arranged between every two adjacent stand columns, and a gap is reserved between rotation tracks of every two adjacent wind blocking blades. The wind blocking blades change rotation angles according to the magnitude of the crosswind, and for small-magnitude crosswind, the flow direction of the crosswind is changed while ventilation is performed through rotation of the small-angle wind blocking blades; for large-magnitude crosswind, the wind blocking blades rotate to be parallel to the wind coming direction, the crosswind directly passes through the gaps between the wind blocking blades, andthe wind load acting force caused by the large-magnitude crosswind to the shutter type wind shield is reduced, so that the effect transmitted by the shutter type wind shield to the bridge at the lower part is reduced, the normal design and operation of the bridge are guaranteed, and the extra cost caused by resistance to the crosswind is reduced.

An ultrasonic occupancy sensor for detecting presence or absence of an occupant in a space includes an ultrasonic receiving circuit having a synchronous rectifier that allows the circuit to detect small-magnitude ultrasonic waves having a Doppler shift. The sensor comprises an ultrasonic transmitter for transmitting ultrasonic waves at an ultrasonic operating frequency, and a controller that drives the transmitting circuit with complementary drive signals to control the ultrasonic operating frequency. The synchronous rectifier receives the drive signals from the controller and rectifies an amplified input signal to generate a rectified signal, which is filtered by a filter to generate a filtered signal. The controller receives the filtered signal and determines that the space is occupied if the magnitude of the filtered signal exceeds a threshold. The ultrasonic occupancy sensor may also include a low phase-noise oscillator circuit coupled to the controller for setting an internal operating frequency of the controller.

The invention relates to a wide-range pulse force calibration device and belongs to the technical filed of metering. The calibration device realizes high-precision comparison method calibration by utilizing a falling-body-type pulse force generator in a double-hammer composite structure and a standard pulse force measuring system having an inertia force error correction function, and by adopting a mode of face-to-face installation of a reference sensor and a calibrated sensor and system deviation inertia force correction; the inertia force correction value is obtained through high-precision acceleration and effective inertia mass; by changing the material of the hammer but not the size thereof to change the mass of a big hammer, so that the hammer is allowed to be suitable for the same hammer centering mechanism, and wide-range large-magnitude pulse force is realized; and by arranging the face-to-face sensor structure and a small hammer on the big hammer, small-magnitude pulse force is realized through inertia force of the smaller hammer. Compared with the prior art, the device is wide in range, simple to operate and high in accuracy; and full-range calibration, from 50 N to 200kN, can be realized in one set of device.

A portable spectrophotometric system for detecting one or more target substances. In a representative embodiment, a system of the invention has an optical grating, an array of photo-detectors, and a MEMS device having a movable plate positioned between the grating and the array. Light transmitted through a gaseous sample is dispersed by the grating and is imaged onto the movable plate, which has a plurality of openings corresponding to selected infrared absorption lines of the target substance. A small-amplitude oscillation is imparted onto the plate such that the openings periodically move in and out of alignment with the corresponding intensity features in the image, which modulates electrical signals generated by the corresponding photo-detectors. A lock-in signal processor analyzes the modulation pattern by comparing it to the pattern expected in the presence of the target substance. When a positive correlation between the patterns is established, the system warns the user about the presence of the target substance.

The invention provides a charging method for improving charging efficiency of a lithium ion battery. The positive electrode of the lithium ion battery comprises i ( i is greater than or equal to 2) kinds of active substances; the charging method comprises the following steps: (1) voltage is divided into n sections from a small magnitude to a high magnitude within a limited charge voltage scope of the battery, wherein the n is greater than or equal to i; and (2) constant current charging is performed in each voltage section separately; the current is not lower than 0.01C charging multiplying power of a to-be-charged battery, and the charging currents for the adjacent voltage sections are different; when an end voltage of a voltage section is reached, constant voltage charging is performed on the voltage section by the end voltage, or a next voltage section is subjected to the constant current charging, or the charging process is stopped. The charging method can improve the charging efficiency of the battery, and charge the battery with more electric quantity at a shorter time for realizing the rapid charging of the battery.

An optical module 11a comprises an optical-receptacle housing 13, an optical-communication subassembly 15, and a holder 17. The flange portion 13b has a plurality of first portions 13c, which extend along a reference plane perpendicular to a predetermined axis, Ax, and a plurality of second portions 13d, each of which is positioned between the first portions 13c. The outer periphery of the first portions 13c is positioned at the outside of a reference cylinder whose center is coincident with the predetermined axis Ax. The outer periphery of the second portions 13d is positioned at the inside of the reference cylinder. The optical-receptacle housing 13 and the holder 17 are temporarily fixed to each other at the second portions 13d of the flange portion 13b through second bonding members 27a to 27d. The optical-receptacle housing 13 and the holder 17 are further fixed with increased strength to each other at the first portions 13c of the flange portion 13b through first bonding members 25a to 25d. As a result, the deviation in optical alignment can be decreased to a small magnitude.

The invention relates to a small magnitude pulse force generation device, and belongs to the dynamic mechanics measurement technical field. The small magnitude pulse force generation device uses compression gas to push a projectile to move upward in an air cylinder and generate pulse force stimulation in impact mode, and is composed of a bottom seat, a lifting rod, a guide rod, an air cylinder piston, an impact cylinder, the projectile, an anvil body, a buffer cushion layer, a dynamic force sensor, a mass block, a limiting mechanism and a support. The small magnitude pulse force generation device can obtain the pulse force stimulation different in magnitude and different in duration time by adjusting pressure of the compression gas, an initial position of the projectile, the mass of the anvil body and the mass block, and hardness and the thickness of the buffer cushion layer located below the anvil body. The small magnitude pulse force generation device is simple in structure and low in cost. The mass block can be directly installed on the dynamic force sensor and does not need an additional mechanism, and the mass of the mass block can be minimized, and accordingly the small magnitude pulse force stimulation within a range from 1kN to 10kN can be easily achieved.

Aspects of this disclosure relate to transmitting and / or receiving a frequency-shift keying signal including a packet that includes a preamble and a payload. The preamble has a first modulation index that has a smaller magnitude than a second modulation index of the payload. This can enhance frequency correction in a receive device that receives the packet.

The AC undervoltage detecting circuit can fast detect the fast drop in AC voltage and slowly detect the slow drop in AC voltage to ensure the UPS inverter to output AC voltage matching the requirement to the load. The AC undervoltage detecting circuit has bridge rectifier with output connected to both the input of the fast filter and the input of the slow filter, the output of the fast filter and the output of the slow filter connected separately to the input of the fast detection circuit and the slow detection circuit separately, the output of the fast detection circuit and the output of the slow detection circuit connected to the inputs of the or-gate, and D-trigger with input connected to the output of the or-gate and output Q as detection result.

The invention relates to a method for searching images for vehicles on the basis of a convolutional neural network. The method comprises the steps that images sets of different vehicles are collected, training is conducted in a typical convolutional neural network model by taking the same vehicles as positive sample pairs and taking the different vehicles as negative sample pairs, similarity differences or classification errors are minimized, a group of vehicle feature expression methods are learned, a result of a data layer can be taken as texture features of the vehicles after the vehicle images are propagated forwards in the convolutional neural network model, the similarity between the features of the vehicles to be retrieved and the features of retrieve set vehicles is calculated through the features, and a result for searching the images for the vehicles is obtained by conducting sorting according to the similarity. According to the method, the vehicle image appearance expression methods are learned through the convolutional neural network, and compared with SIFT features, HoG features and the like, the purposiveness is higher, the features are more visual, the extra metric learning process is not needed, the searching accuracy and precision are significantly improved, the feature dimension number can be controlled to be at the small magnitude, and quick searching in a large image library can be achieved.

The invention provides an adhesive-free testing device and method for a rock direct tensile test. The adhesive-free testing device comprises an external support and an internal support, wherein the external support and the internal support are sheathed together through an internal support strut mounting hole and an internal support strut; the invention further provides an adhesive-free testing method for rock direct tensile test; the defects that by using the existing experimental method and due to strong rock crispiness, the connection test is fail by adopting the adhesion manner due to pooradhesion intensity, uneven adhesive thickness or end falling; a crispy material test piece is fixedly arranged through an upper base and a lower base without the need of high-intensity adhesive adhesion, in application of pressure, the internal support and an upper pull head are fixed, the external support moves downward to drive a lower pull head to directly stretching the crispy material test piece, thus facilitating observation; during stretching process, the upper pull head and the lower pull head can eliminate the eccentricity of the test piece through small-amplitude rotation during stretching process; therefore, pressure can be converted into pull, thus realizing the direct tensile of the crispy material test piece such as rock and the like.

Comparison circuits are provided, corresponding to a plurality of pull up transistors, each for comparing a voltage at an output node and each respective reference voltage different in voltage level from other, and for adjusting a drive current of a corresponding output pull up transistor, and further comparison circuits are provided, corresponding to a plurality of pull down transistors, each for comparing the voltage of the output node and each respective reference voltage different in voltage level from other, and each for adjusting an amount of a drive current of a corresponding pull down transistor in accordance with a result of comparison. The reference voltages each are set to a voltage level between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage. Without a dedicated power supply pin terminal, a signal of a small amplitude having the amplitude limited stably and precisely can be output at high speed.

A family of logic circuits, called gated diode logic circuits, is disclosed wherein small amplitude signals, typically a fraction of the supply voltage, can be sensed and amplified by applying a small amplitude signal to a gate of a gated diode in a sampling mode and changing a voltage of a source of the gated diode in an evaluation mode. One or more isolation devices may be connected between each small amplitude signal and a gate of the gated diode, wherein the isolation device passes the small amplitude signal to the gate of the gated diode in the sampling mode, and isolates the small amplitude signal from the gate in the evaluation mode for amplification and performing fast logic operations (logic functions). The disclosed gated diode logic circuits overcome the Vt variation problem in FETs by detecting and amplifying the small logic signals utilizing gated diodes that have relatively low Vt variation. The amplified signals may then be processed by conventional logic circuits to perform certain logic functions in a gated diode logic circuit. The Vt variation of the gated diode is relatively small compared to the small logic signal amplitude and can be controlled relatively precisely. Typically, Vt of the gated diode can be set to a fraction of the small logic signal amplitude. Thus, in a gated diode logic circuit, the gated diode circuit can sense and amplify the small logic signals sufficiently to perform the various logic operations in conjunction with conventional logic circuits. The output(s) of the gated diode logic circuit can be of a standard full CMOS voltage swing, or can be scaled down in amplitude and further processed by other gated diode logic circuits.

Embodiments of the present invention enable compression and decompression of data. Applications of the present invention are its use in embodiments of systems for compression and decompression of GPS long-term Ephemeris (LTE) data, although the present invention is not limited to such applications. In embodiments, the LTE data may be grouped into a set of data values associated with a parameter. In embodiments, a data set may be compressed by using a multi-order differencing scheme. In such a scheme, a set of the differences between values may be compressed because the differences have smaller magnitudes than the values. In embodiments, a multi-order differencing scheme determines how many levels (orders) of differencing may be applied to an original data set before it is compressed. In embodiments, the original data may be recovered from a compressed data set based on the type of multi-order differencing scheme used to generate the compressed data.