The invention provides an X-ray high-temperature high-pressure catalytic reaction furnace including a gas inlet passage, a furnace upper cover, a furnace cavity, a base and a gas outlet passage, the gas inlet passage is communicated with the furnace cavity through a communication hole, the inner side of the furnace cavity is provided with a shielding layer, a window and a beryllium window flange are arranged on the outer wall of the furnace cavity, and a protective layer is arranged between the window and the beryllium window flange, the protective layer includes an aluminized beryllium sheet layer on the outer side and a polymer film layer on the inner side, and the shielding layer includes a beryllium sheet arranged correspondently to the protective layer. The beryllium window flange, the aluminized beryllium sheet layer, the polymer film layer, a rubber ring, the furnace cavity and the furnace upper cover are connected by bolts to form a seal cavity, the polymer film layer is arranged on the inner side of the aluminized beryllium sheet, and can isolate a catalytic gas and the aluminized beryllium sheet, so that the polymer film layer can protect the aluminized beryllium sheet from contamination by the catalytic gas and a catalytic material, an aluminized beryllium sheet material has excellent performances, can withstand a reaction pressure of 1MPa, and low energy X-ray can smoothly pass through and irradiate onto the catalytic material.