The present invention relates to a kind of S-band segmented multi-ary system chirp modulation wireless communication system, comprising a transmitter and a receiver, and the receiver receives a transmission signal from the transmitter; the transmitter includes an FPGA, a system clock, a high-speed DDS unit, a radio frequency Local oscillator unit, mixer, power amplifier, antenna; FPGA drives high-speed DDS unit to generate chirp coded signal, RF local oscillator unit generates local oscillator signal, chirp coded signal and local oscillator signal are mixed by mixer, and mixed Frequency processing moves the spectrum of the chirp coded signal to the 2-4GHz frequency band, and sends it to the power amplifier for amplification after frequency mixing processing, and the amplified signal is transmitted by the antenna; FPGA, according to the user-defined data requirements, performs coding and selects the transmission bandwidth and frequency band interval; user-defined data includes digital system, encoding bandwidth, encoding segmentation interval and transmitting frequency band; system clock provides clock frequency for high-speed DDS unit and FPGA.