The invention discloses a carrier supported multi-
metal sulfide state
nickel-based catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst is composed of a porous carrier loaded NixMySz
active phase, M is a combination of at least one
metal element of Co, Fe, Cu, Zn or Mn, multiple
metal components form a synergistic structure in the
vulcanization process, and through construction of Ni-S-M bonds, pinning effect generation and
electron interaction, controllable adjustment of the
sulfide structure is achieved, and the stability of the catalyst is improved. The catalyst is obtained by loading a
nickel-second metal precursor on a porous carrier,
roasting to form an
oxide, vulcanizing in a
sulfur-containing
atmosphere, and activating. The obtained catalyst has an adjustable Ni: M
molar ratio, a sheet-like or
petal-like
nanostructure and high-density
sulfur defects. The catalyst is suitable for
decarbonylation-
dehydration reaction of bio-based
fatty acid or derivatives thereof, and can efficiently convert C10-C20
fatty acid, methyl ester or
ethyl ester thereof, and animal and
vegetable oil or
waste oil containing the components into long-chain olefin at 200-350 DEG C under 0.1-3 MPa.