The invention discloses a building progressive collapse resisting reinforcing system and method with HPFL and steel plates combined. The system comprises the anchoring steel plates bonded on the surface of a column to be reinforced and an HPFL reinforcing layer arranged on the surface of a beam to be reinforced, and the HPFL reinforcing layer comprises a carrying steel net, an adhesion agent layer and a high-performance mortar binding layer. The method comprises the steps that 1, loads are removed, the surface is leveled, and cracks are sealed; 2, the surface is polished, cleaned and dried; 3, the anchoring steel plates and the carrying steel net are prefabricated; 4, the carrying steel net is anchored on the anchoring steel plates, and fixes the anchoring steel plates; 5, the carrying steel net is fixed; 6, watering wetting is carried out; 7, the adhesion agent layer and the high-performance mortar binding layer are sprayed; 8, maintenance is carried out; 9, rust preventing treatment is carried out on the anchoring steel plates. The building progressive collapse resisting reinforcing system and method are convenient to construct, the bearing capacity and ductility of the original beam to be reinforced and the original column to be reinforced are improved, a building to be reinforced is not damaged, the integrality and progressive collapse resisting capacity of the building are improved, and application and popularization are facilitated.