The invention a short rod-like and peony-like 
lead sulfide nano-structure material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of nano materials. The preparation method of the short rod-like and peony-like 
lead sulfide nano-structure material comprises the following steps of: preparing 
lead sulfide nano materials by directly taking biological nano-structure 
DNA as a template; sufficiently mixing 
a DNA solution with the concentration of 1-2mg / mL and a 
lead nitrate solution with the concentration of 50mM; then carrying out water bath heating to achieve 35-45 DEG C, simultaneously adding a 
thioacetamide solution with the concentration of 0.4 M, and stirring at 
low speed; heating to 70 DEG C, and keeping for 5-10 minutes; cooling, then washing and centrifuging to extract sediments, and carrying out 
drying treatment so as to obtain a lead 
sulfide nano-structure taking the 
DNA as the template. The invention directly takes the large biological molecule 
DNA as the template; the bionic mineralization method has the advantages of easy operation, moderate preparation condition, uniform appearance, can regulate and control the mineral 
crystal nucleation process through biological molecules, controls the appearance and the structure of a PbS 
crystal and has unique superiority in the growth research of the PbS 
crystal.