The invention discloses a steel box girder fatigue reliability analysis method based on a two-stage convergence criterion, and belongs to the technical field of bridge fatigue reliability analysis. The method comprises the steps of 1, initializing an internal Kriging agent model, continuously adding sample points near a failure surface for training by adopting a U function in an active learning mode, and obtaining an estimation error of a failure probability; step 2, by defining an intermediate failure event, constructing a subset to simulate an external framework, converting a minimum failureprobability into a series of relatively high conditional failure probabilities, and training a Kriging agent model in the subsets of different levels until convergence; and 3, repeating the steps, continuously defining a new subset, and training the Kriging agent model until a two-stage convergence criterion is met. According to the method, the estimation precision of the failure probability canbe ensured, the efficiency can be improved, and the method is insensitive to the numerical value of the failure probability, so that the accuracy and high efficiency of the method are verified.