The invention relates to the technical field of coatings, and provides a graphene-based modified inorganic zinc silicate shop primer and a preparation method thereof. When the coating has a low metal zinc content, its protection period can exceed that of inorganic silicic acid with high zinc content. Zinc workshop primer saves the consumption of metal zinc resources, reduces the generation of harmful zinc fog during cutting and welding, and has good storage stability, construction performance and high-speed cutting and welding performance. Divided into two components, the first component is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-2 parts of auxiliary film-forming resin, 20-30 parts of solvent, 0.1-1 part of dispersant, 20-50 parts of filler, 20-20 parts of zinc powder 30 parts, 1-2 parts of anti-sedimentation agent, 0.1-1 part of graphene; the second component is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of ethyl silicate, 0.01-0.1 parts of catalyst, deionized water 3 to 5 parts, 45 to 65 parts of solvent.