The invention discloses a transmission system for a kiln assembly line. The transmission system comprises a motor, a reduction gearbox, a spindle and a back-up roll. A motor output shaft is fixedly provided with a first-stage driving gear, and the reduction gearbox comprises a first-stage driven gear, a second-stage gear shaft, a second-stage driving gear, a second-stage driven gear, a third-stagegear shaft, a third-stage driving gear, a third-stage driven gear, a fourth-stage gear shaft, a fourth-stage driving gear, an idle gear, a fourth-stage driven gear, a reduction gearbox output shaft and an output gear. The gears of all stages are arranged on the corresponding gear shafts, and the driving gears of all the stages are engaged with the driven gears; and the output gear is engaged withthe spindle for transmission, and the spindle drives the back-up roll to rotate. According to the transmission system for the kiln assembly line, gear engaging transmission is adopted, a multistage deceleration structure is formed, the structure is compact, transmission is stable, and noise is small.