The invention belongs to the technical field of ship power station monitoring, discloses a marine power station monitoring system and method based on can bus. The marine power station monitoring system based on can bus comprises a current detection module, a voltage detection module, a temperature detection module, a short circuit detection module, a main control module, a communication module, amanagement module, a data storage module and a display module. The communication protocol of the intelligent control instrument based on the CAN bus through the communication module is simple in use,standardized in format and comprehensive in information, and together with the filter can be used as a broadcast or multicast address, which is very useful for improving the flexibility of communication; the communication protocol of the intelligent control instrument based on the CAN bus is simple in use, standardized in format and comprehensive in information. At the same time, it has wide practicability and strong market value. At the same time, through the management module, the utilization rate of the unit is improved, which can save energy, enhance the safe operation ability and reduce the operation cost.