The invention provides a cadmium ion detection kit as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. Complete antigen of a cadmium ion is a complex of the cadmium ion, a chelating agent andcarrier protein, wherein the chelating agent comprises any one of or a combination of any two of EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid), a derivative of DTPA, DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid) and DOTA-NHS (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-N-hydroxysuccinimide eater). The heavy metal cadmium ion is coupled with the carrier protein through a bifunctional chelating agent, the complete antigen of the cadmium ion is obtained, a cadmium ion monoclonal antibody with high immunogenicity and high valence for the cadmium ion is prepared, and the formed kit has high specificity and sensitivity and can be used for detecting the cadmium ion.