The disclosures of the invention arc directed to the manufacture of effective, affordable vaccines that arc globally accessible. Using a platform conjugation technology, highly immunogenic conjugate vaccines were produced that elicit broad cross-
neutralization to variants of concern (VOC), manufactured cheaply compared to mRNA vaccines.
Protein-
protein conjugates and
Toll-Like
Receptor (TLR)
agonist adjuvants were shown to enhance
immunogenicity and induce broad cross-protection against VOC, a characteristic lacking in early mRNA CO VID-19 vaccines. Murine nAb titers from Beta-only conjugates were equivalent between Beta,
Delta, Omicron BA.l, BA.2, and BA.4 / BA.5, which were circulating up to three years after the antigenic strain. Additionally, Beta-
Delta bivalent conjugate vaccines readily prevented
disease in
hamster challenge, which demonstrates a vaccine with remarkably broad cross-protection and potential to protect for extended periods despite mutations, without requiring expensive boosters or
antigen adaption. This vaccine can be produced in our highly automated, large-scale manufacturing facility enabling economical production of inexpensive, effective vaccines for high-need areas.