63 results about "Coupling constant" patented technology

An apparatus and method for transmitting a plurality of light signals is disclosed. The apparatus includes a splitter configured to split an incoming light signal into a plurality of light signals. Phase control units are included which modify the phase of the light signals. Waveguides are coupled to the phase control units. Each waveguide has a different propagation constant, that is different from adjacent waveguides and the difference between the propagation constants of any two adjacent waveguides is substantially larger than an effective coupling constant between said two adjacent waveguides. Coupling members couple the light signal in one of the plurality of waveguides to free space. The splitter may include output and/or input waveguides and a dispersion element splitting and/or combining: light.

An image drive data system (40) applies cross-talk compensated image drive data (CIDD) to a data line (23) for driving each pixel (21) coupled to the data line (23) to a desired optical state during an image update period inclusive of a cross-talk between the pixels (21) and the data line (23). To reduce the cross-talk, the image drive data system (40) determines cross-talk uncompensated image drive data (IDD) for driving each pixel (21) to its respective desired image exclusive of the cross-talk between the pixels (21) and the data line (23), determines a time averaged pixel data shift based on the cross-talk uncompensated image drive data (IDD) and a cross-talk coupling constant between the pixels (21) and the data line (23), and determines the cross-talk compensated drive data (CIDD) based on the time-averaged pixel data shift.

In training data, a similarity matrix is generated for each of types of data corresponding to different kernels, and graph Laplacians are formed individually from the similarity matrices. An entire graph Laplacian is defined as linear combination of the individual graph Laplacians with coupling constants. Observation variables and latent variables associated therewith are assumed to form normal distributions, and the coupling constants are assumed to form a gamma distribution. Then, on the basis of a variational Bayesian method, a variance of the observation variables and the coupling constants can be figured out with a reasonable computational cost. Once the variance of the observation variables and the coupling constants are figured out, a predictive distribution for any input data can be figured out by means of a Laplace approximation.

An apparatus includes a first RF coil integrated into a first printed circuit board (PCB) and a second RF coil integrated into the first PCB. The apparatus also includes a tuning member positioned adjacently to the first PCB and inductively coupled to the first and second RF coils, the tuning member configured to minimize a mutual inductance formed between the first and second RF coils via modification of a coupling constant between the first and second RF coils.

The composition of compounds containing a multiplicity of different elements are optimized in general by full or partial substitutions of one or more of the atoms in such compounds so as to effect an Ne/χ value which represents a peak or near peak value in λ (the electron-phonon coupling constant) so as to maximize T_c for such compositions of matter.

The invention provides a nuclear magnetic resonance multi-dimensional spectrum method for measuring the hydrogen-hydrogen coupling constant of a specific hydrogen nucleus. The nuclear magnetic resonance multi-dimensional spectrum method comprises: applying a selective 90 DEG soft pulse while applying a Z-direction magnetic field gradient; applying a perfect echo module, and applying Z-direction magnetic field gradients with the same strength and the same direction on both sides of the selective 180 DEG soft pulse of the perfect echo; adding the 180 DEG soft pulse of an S nucleus after the first t1/2 evolution time in the second echo of the perfect echo so as to retain the J-coupling information of the S nucleus; adding the 180 DEG soft pulse of the S nucleus after the second t1/2 to compensate phase distortion; respectively applying the 180 DEG soft pulse of the selective S nucleus before the two t1/2 evolution times in the second echo so as to obtain a R type sequence corresponding toa N type sequence; and finally carrying out addition on a N type spectrum and a R type spectrum inverted along indirect dimension to obtain a phase-sensitive two-dimensional spectrum, and obtaining the corresponding J-coupling constant by measuring from the splitting of the peak in the indirect dimension.

The invention discloses 2, 4, 6-trinitro-1, 3-distyryl benzene derivatives containing chlorine substituent as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The chemical structure of the compounds is characterized in that three nitryls exist at positions 2, 4, 6 of a middle benzene ring of 1, 3-distyryl benzene, and ortho-positions, meta-positions and para-positions of benzene rings at the two sides are connected to chlorine atoms, or the ortho-positions and the para-positions are simultaneously connected to the chlorine atoms. The chemical structure of the compounds is confirmed to be the trans-structure when the coupling constant of diphenylethene double bonds in a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum is about 16.0Hz. The 2, 4, 6-trinitro-1, 3-distyryl benzene derivatives containing chlorine substituent are synthesized through microwave assistance under a catalysis condition, are simple in a preparation technology, solvent-free, fast, green and safe and can be potentially applied to the field of luminescent devices and energetic materials.

The invention relates to a probe capable of carrying out electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) detection on an external sample. The probe is rectangular in both external shape and internal cavity, the mode of resonance is TE101, and the top face of the probe is provided with an open polygonal sample detection port. The detection port longitudinally penetrates into the space of the internal cavity along the wall thickness direction and runs through along the thickness direction of the probe. Long sides of the detection port are vertical to the direction of a microwave magnetic-field component of the internal cavity at the long sides and parallel to the direction of current lines on cavity walls at the long sides. A pair of coils providing modulation magnetic fields is placed at the two sides of the detection port, and modulation magnetic fields required for paramagnetic resonance are generated at the position of the detection port by the coils. A coupling and tuning unit carries out coupling by adopting a coupling diaphragm with a coupling hole and adjusts a coupling constant for the cavity and a microwave system by using adjusting bolts outside the coupling hole. The probe is mainly used for carrying out local detection on samples which are inconveniently sampled and made into samples.

A semiconductor laser device comprising a substrate, a resonator overlying said substrate, a waveguide overlying said substrate and optically coupled to said resonator, and a diffraction grating formed on said resonator or said waveguide, said diffraction grating including slits or grooves formed on an Al-oxidized region of an Al-containing oxidized semiconductor layer, said Al-oxidized region being formed by selectively oxidizing Al in said Al-containing oxidized semiconductor layer. In the present invention, the difference between the refractive indices of the layer having the embedded grating and the Al oxide layer becomes larger to increase the coupling constant between laser beams and the grating. The decrease of the cavity length can increase the number of the devices obtainable from a single wafer.

The invention discloses an energetic salt based on a compound 2, 4, 6-trinitro-1, 3-di(2', 4', 6'-trinitro-3'-hydroxyl styryl) benzene, and a synthetic method thereof. The chemical structure of the 2, 4, 6-trinitro-1, 3-di(2', 4', 6'-trinitro-3'-hydroxyl styryl) benzene is characterized in that 3 nitro groups are located on 2, 4 and 6 sites on an intermediate benzene ring of 1, 3-distyryl benzene, a nitro group is respectively connected to 2, 4, 6 sites on benzene rings on both sides of the 1, 3-distyryl benzene, and a hydroxyl is further connected to a meta-position. As the coupling constant of distyryl double bonds in a nuclear magnetic spectrogram is about 16.60Hz, the double bonds are in a trans-structure. As the compound has a structure similar to picric acid, a series of stable energetic salts are generated by hydroxyl functional groups and nitrogenous positive ions. The compound is synthesized by adopting a four-step reaction. The method is simple to operate, mild in reaction condition and relatively high in yield. The compound has good heat-resistant performance and detonation performance and belongs to the field of energetic materials.

The invention provides a nuclear magnetic resonance method for measuring all hydrogen-hydrogen coupling constants in a molecule. The nuclear magnetic resonance method comprises the following steps: firstly applying one 90-degree hard pulse to rotate a magnetization vector to an XY plane from a Z direction, setting a sampling point at one fixed moment delta after the 90-degree hard pulse; enabling a selective 180-degree soft pulse applied at the same time with Z direction magnetic field gradient to move between the 90-degree hard pulse and the sampling point along with variation of indirect dimension evolution time t1; under the action of the magnetic field gradient, overturning different nucleuses at different spatial positions by the selective 180-degree soft pulse; acquiring chemical displacement information and spatial position information at the same time by adopting an EPSI sampling module, so that couplings of other nucleuses and the nucleus overturned by the 180-degree soft pulse at the same layer can be obtained at different layers, the couplings can show up split peaks at an indirect dimension, and corresponding J coupling constants can be measured from the split peaks.

Multi-stage, all-pass optical filters used to make low-loss, multi-channel dispersion compensation modules are disclosed. The all-pass optical filters can be ring resonators in waveguides, Gires-Tournois Interferometers (GTIs) in free space form, and the like. The coupling constants and circulating path lengths may also be distinctively varied in each of the series of GTIs, tuning the net dispersion spectrum of the GTI set, such that the sum of the dispersions from the series of GTI's can provide a system with greater bandwidth than the same number of identical GTIs. The local dispersion slope can also be tuned in this manner. Multi-cavity GTIs can also be formed with similar performance enhancing properties.

The object of the present invention is to control the diameter of pores in a coupling layer formed of a ceramic porous body and organic glass. An ultrasonic sensor is provided, comprising a piezoelectric body, a casing for containing the piezoelectric body, and a coupling layer arranged on the top of the casing, wherein the coupling layer is composed of a ceramic porous body with uniform glass spheres in the holes, and the The glass spheres are formed from a dried gel of plexiglass. In the ultrasonic sensor, resin particles (4) containing liquefied gas are added to a slurry (3) using an inorganic material, and the resin particles (4) are foamed in a first heating step to form hollow spherical particles (5) In the second heating step, the ceramic porous body is fired to form plexiglass (7) in the controlled pores, and a coupling layer (9) with stable internal density and constant acoustic impedance is produced, thereby providing a stable output Ultrasonic sensor.

The invention provides a high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for measuring a hydrogen-hydrogen J coupling constant. The method comprises the following steps: after a 90-degree excitation pulse is applied, applying a monochromatic selective 180-degree pulse to a to-be-detected proton, delaying for t1/2 time, applying a dichromatic selective 180-degree pulse to the to-be-detectedproton and another proton coupled with the to-be-detected proton, and delaying for t1/2 time; carrying out sampling after an evolution period; after the experiment is finished, extracting starting delta time length data from each group of data, and sequentially splicing the data into new one-dimensional data; and carrying out Fourier transform, so as to obtain a new one-dimensional spectrum required by a user, wherein only a signal for detecting the proton selected by the user is maintained, and only J coupling cracking between the proton and another selected proton is maintained. Therefore,the J coupling constant between the two protons can be accurately measured.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling chaos using oscillation quenching, and more particularly, to an apparatus for controlling chaos using oscillation quenching, wherein a chaos system to be controlled can be easily stabilized by coupling the chaos system with another chaos system or a periodic system that can be easily implemented, using the concept of oscillation quenching. To this end, the present invention provides an apparatus for controlling chaos using oscillation quenching, comprising a chaos signal generating device 10 for generating a chaos signal; a first scaling means 40 for scaling an output signal from a controlled chaos device; a second scaling means 20 for scaling an output signal from the chaos signal generating device 10; a subtraction means 50 for performing a subtraction operation between the output signals of the first and second scaling means 40 and 20; an auxiliary scaling means 60 for scaling an output signal from the subtraction means 50 so that a coupling constant for the controlled chaos device 30 and the chaos signal generating device 10 is in a state where chaos is stabilized, and for feeding back the scaled signal to the controlled chaos device 30; and an inverting means 70 for inverting an output signal from the auxiliary scaling means 60 and feeding back the inverted signal to the chaos signal generating device 10.

The invention relates to a method for quantitatively representing a sandstone reservoir hole throat structure by nuclear magnetic resonance coupling constant-speed mercury injection. The method for quantitatively representing the sandstone reservoir hole throat structure by nuclear magnetic resonance coupling constant-speed mercury injection comprises the steps of selecting a full-size core of a target sandstone reservoir, drilling a small rock sample, and performing nuclear magnetic resonance experiment to obtain a T2 relaxation time duty ratio distribution curve; performing constant-speed mercury injection on the small rock sample to obtain a constant-speed mercury injection hole throat duty ratio distribution curve; coupling maximum relaxation time T<2max> and maximum hole throat radiumr<max> of the same small rock sample to obtain surface relaxation rate Phi of each small rock sample so that the surface relaxation rate Phi is used as the surface relaxation rate Phi of the target sandstone reservoir; and performing calculation to obtain complete effective hole throat radius duty ratio distribution map according to a nuclear magnetic resonance principle. By the method, thecomplete and effective hole throat relaxation time distribution characteristic can be non-destructively detected, the complete and effective hole throat radium duty ratio distribution map of the reservoir sandstone is obtained, and the quantitative representation of the effective hole throat structure distribution of the sandstone reservoir is achieved.