The present invention belongs to the field of
seismic exploration technology, and specifically relates to a viscoacoustic
full waveform inversion method based on velocity-attenuation decoupling, comprising the following steps: 1. Setting the source, detection point, seismic
record information, and reading the observation
record; 2. Solving the fractional-order viscoacoustic equation in the time forward direction, obtaining
simulation data, and storing part of the
wave field; 3. Repeating step 2 until the maximum number of iterations is reached and the reconstructed velocity and Q are obtained if the maximum number of iterations is not reached. The velocity and Q parameters with
high resolution can be restored; the decoupling technology based on TRN can effectively alleviate the
coupling effect in the simultaneous inversion of multiple parameters and improve the inversion accuracy; the truncation condition in the TRN
algorithm can automatically determine whether the accurate
descent direction is obtained, avoid over-update or insufficient update, and reduce the
algorithm complexity; the method can effectively suppress
crosstalk, and can better restore the velocity and attenuation model, and can meet the requirements of the oil and
gas industry for underground medium parameters.