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73 results about "Diversity factor" patented technology

Diversity factor (or simultaneity factor kₛ) is the ratio of the sum of the individual non-coincident maximum loads of various subdivisions of the system to the maximum demand of the complete system. The diversity factor is almost always larger than 1 since all components would have to be on simultaneously at full load for it to be one. The aggregate load is time dependent as well as being dependent upon equipment characteristics. The diversity factor recognizes that the whole load does not equal the sum of its parts due to this time interdependence or "diversity." For example, one might have ten air conditioning units that are 20 tons each at a facility with an average full load equivalent operating hours of 2000 hours per year. However, since the units are each thermostatically controlled, it is not known exactly when each unit turns on. If the ten units are substantially larger than the facility's actual peak AC load, then fewer than all ten units will likely come on at once. Thus, even though each unit runs a total of 2000 hours a year, they do not all come on at the same time to affect the facility's peak load. The diversity factor provides a correction factor to use, resulting in a lower total power load for the ten AC units. If the energy balance done for this facility comes out within reason, but the demand balance shows far too much power for the peak load, then one can use the diversity factor to bring the power into line with the facility's true peak load. The diversity factor does not affect the energy; it only affects the power.

Online monitoring and performance assessing method for primary frequency modulation of thermal generator set

InactiveCN103346619AFully master the performance of primary frequency modulationData processing applicationsCircuit arrangementsPerformance indexEngineering
The invention discloses an online monitoring and performance assessing method for primary frequency modulation of a thermal generator set. The method divides grid frequency changes into invalid disturbance, valid disturbance, large frequency disturbance and small frequency disturbance, wherein the large frequency disturbance and the small frequency disturbance are contained in the valid disturbance. Specific performance indexes of response time, stabilization time, diversity factors of set rotating speed and the like of the primary frequency modulation of the set are quantitatively assessed, the contributed electric quantity and the correct operation rate of the primary frequency modulation under the small disturbance of the set and the diversity factors of the set rotating speed under the large disturbance of the set can be effectively calculated, and an assessing method for the performance of the primary frequency modulation of the set is further provided. The online monitoring and performance assessing method for the primary frequency modulation of the thermal generator set has the advantages that calculation and monitoring can be carried out on the operation performance of the primary frequency modulation of the set in a long period of time, the comprehensive index of the primary frequency modulation of the set is further calculated, an assessing method is quantified, and the performance of the primary frequency modulation of sets in a network can be comprehensively learned by province professionals.
Owner:STATE GRID CORP OF CHINA +1

Forest complex terrain correction and forest height inversion methods and systems with backscattering optimization

The invention provides forest complex terrain correction and forest height inversion methods and systems with backscattering optimization. The terrain correction comprises: constructing a two-layer-structure coherent model aiming to polarized interference SAR images of a forest scene and according to the characteristics of two-layer scattering of the forest scene, and correcting parameter changes caused by the terrain; establishing a quantitative description relation between vegetation and the terrain with the combination of terrain simulation and vegetation simulation; and finally performing correction with the combination of the range-Doppler geometric correction mode and normalized radiation correction mode. The forest height inversion comprises bringing forward tree species diversity factors aiming to structures of different tree species and distribution difference, the vegetation heights of different tree species are respectively estimated, and the forest height inversion result of the whole forest scene is obtained. By adopting the methods and the systems, terrain effect analysis and compensation of forest complex scenes can be effectively realized; besides, the inversion precision of vegetation height is improved with the combination of the tree species diversity factors.
Owner:WUHAN UNIV

Transformer winding deformation fault diagnosis method based on frequency sweep short circuit characteristics

The invention relates to a transformer winding deformation fault diagnosis method based on frequency sweep short circuit characteristics. The transformer winding deformation fault diagnosis method comprises the following steps: 1) measuring frequency sweep short circuit impedance data of a transformer three-phase winding through a testing device under the power failure state of a transformer; 2) obtaining three diversity factor curves of the frequency sweep short circuit impedance data of the three-phase winding measured in step 1); 3) comparing three diversity factor curves DAB, DBC and DCA calculated from step 2) with standard diversity factor curves, diagnosing that the winding has slightly deformation when any one diversity factor curve exceeds attention value curves of the standard diversity factor curves; otherwise diagnosing that the winding has no deformation; and if the diversity factor curves exceed alarm value curves of the standard diversity factor curves, diagnosing that the winding has obvious deformation. The transformer winding deformation fault diagnosis method is accurate and sensitive to diagnose, easy to implement, and strong in field maneuverability and can be widely applied to fault diagnosis of transformer winding.
Owner:CHINA ELECTRIC POWER RES INST

Eye movement track law analysis method and device

The invention provides an eye movement track law analysis method. The eye movement track law analysis method comprises the following steps: Q fixation data of a page to be surveyed are acquired, wherein the Q is a positive integer greater than 1; Q corresponding eye movement tracks are generated according to the Q fixation data respectively; the diversity factor between every two of the Q eye movement tracks is acquired; according to the diversity factor between every two of the Q eye movement tracks, the Q eye movement tracks are clustered to generate at least one eye movement track category, and at least one eye movement track law for the page to be surveyed is generated according to at least one eye movement track category. According to the eye movement track law analysis method, the fixation data are acquired and used for generating the eye movement tracks, the eye movement tracks are clustered to generate the eye movement track categories, and then the eye movement track laws are generated; concern points and a concern order of a user are reflected accurately, and support is provided for more developers in respect of website monitoring and optimization; cost of manual analysis is lowered, reliability is improved, and user experience is enhanced.
Owner:BAIDU ONLINE NETWORK TECH (BEIJIBG) CO LTD

Evaluation method for describing compressibility of shale reservoir

The invention relates to an evaluation method for describing the compressibility of a shale reservoir. The evaluation method comprises the following steps that material contents including a well-site design report of a well to be evaluated, well-logging materials and well-measuring materials of the well to be evaluated are collected; according to the collected materials, the shale reservoir and the vertical depth H of the middle of the shale reservoir are determined, the fluid pressure gradient (FPG) of a stratum pore of the shale reservoir is determined, and the density (DEN) of stratum rock overlaying the shale reservoir is obtained; according to the FPG and DEN, the largest horizontal crustal stress Kimax and the smallest horizontal crustal stress Kimin of the shale reservoir are calculated; and the diversity factor delta Ki of the horizontal crustal stress of the shale reservoir is calculated, the compressibility of the shale reservoir is evaluated, and an evaluation result is output. The diversity factor delta Ki of the horizontal crustal stress of the shale reservoir is calculated through parameters of the FPG, the DEN and the like, and the compressibility of the shale reservoir is evaluated according to the delta Ki. The evaluation method is applied in more than 300 wells among shale gas wells in areas such as the middle Yangtze area, the Jiannan gas-field and the like, and the verification coincidence rate of the staged fracturing effect is 97.1%.
Owner:CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +3

Primary frequency modulation online self-tuning controller and control system for generator set and method

The invention discloses a primary frequency modulation online self-tuning controller and control system for a generator set and a method of the primary frequency modulation online self-tuning control system for the generator set, wherein the controller comprises a power network frequency deviation calculation module used for obtaining deviation between power network real-time operation frequency and power network reference frequency to obtain network frequency deviation, a frequency modulation compensation command function F(x) module used for calculating a primary frequency modulation load compensation command function F(x) of the generator set according to the network frequency deviation and set revolving speed diversity factors, and sending the primary frequency modulation load compensation command function F(x) of the generator set to a self-calibration algorithm control module and a command correction MUL module respectively, the self-calibration algorithm control module used for calculating a primary frequency modulation command correction coefficient and the command correction MUL module used for receiving the primary frequency modulation correction coefficient output by the self-calibration algorithm control module, and correcting the primary frequency modulation load compensation command function F(x) of the generator set to obtain a primary frequency modulation actual motion compensation command of the set, and finally sending the primary frequency modulation actual motion compensation command of the set to a set load control system.
Owner:ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF STATE GRID SHANDONG ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY +2

Primary frequency modulation control system based on frequency droop regulation method and method thereof

The invention discloses a primary frequency modulation control system based on a frequency droop regulation method and a method thereof, and relates to the technical field of thermal power generator set primary frequency modulation. The system structure of the actual primary frequency modulation control system based on the frequency droop regulation method is provided. The new primary frequency modulation control system comprises three parts: a load coordinated control part, a basic control part and a machine set part. The load coordinated control part comprises an absolute value calculating unit, a frequency variation range judgment unit, a droop control load instruction calculating unit, a diversity factor load instruction calculating unit, a machine furnace load control unit and a droop characteristic reference frequency calculating unit. The primary frequency modulation control strategy with mutual matching of frequency droop regulation and a fixed reference frequency control method is adopted, and the frequency modulation dead band of the power generator set is set as zero so that system frequency can be rapidly stabilized through primary frequency modulation control and the phenomenon of double hump of frequency probability distribution caused by the frequency modulation dead band can be improved, and thus power grid frequency safety can be effectively guaranteed.
Owner:STATE GRID CORP OF CHINA +1

Primary frequency modulation testing method, device and system of gas and steam combined cycle unit

The invention provides a primary frequency modulation testing method, device and system of a gas and steam combined cycle unit. The method includes acquiring load commands of a gas turbine, setting diversity factor of an initial target revolving speed of the combined cycle unit; acquiring load to be adjusted in each turn of the gas turbine according to the diversity factor of the initial target revolving speed, the rated loads of the gas turbine and a steam engine; acquiring target setting values of diversity factor of the revolving speed according to the rated load of the gas turbine and the load to be adjusted in each turn of the gas turbine; applying a disturbance signal to the gas turbine; finely adjusting the target setting value of the diversity factor of the revolving speed of the gas turbine up and down so as to enable the diversity factor of the revolving speed of the combined cycle unit to meet the standard range. Expected load response loop of the steam engine is added to a frequency modulation load command loop of the gas turbine, so that reverse action of the load of the gas turbine is prevented. The primary frequency modulation testing method can optimize and adjust control parameters in real time, reverse action of the load of the gas turbine is avoided, and system is more stable and safer.
Owner:NORTH CHINA ELECTRICAL POWER RES INST +1

Method for directly testing speed diversity factor and stagnant rate of turbine electro-hydraulic control system

ActiveCN101871842AMeet stability requirementsMake full use of the primary frequency modulation functionEngine testingPoint of loadSteam pressure
The invention relates to a method for directly testing speed diversity factor and stagnant rate of a turbine electro-hydraulic control system, which adopts a direct testing mode to improve testing accuracy, simplify testing process and reduce operation difficulty. The method comprises the following steps: 1) determining a detecting point of load; 2) ensuring main steam pressure, temperature and vacuum of a turbine set to be rated values and keeping stable; 3) taking the set value of rotating speed of the turbine set in case of step change as a first record, reducing gradually load by adjusting the opening degree of a governing valve and recording test data until reaching empty load on the premise of keeping stable parameters of the turbine set; 4) increasing the load step by step in the same sequence until reaching full load and recording the corresponding data; 5) obtaining the relation curve of N-delta and N-epsilon for a steam turbine generator unit; 6) inspecting whether the parameters of the speed diversity factor and the stagnant rate of the turbine set meet the requirement of speed governing characteristics of the turbine in accordance with the relation curve of N-delta and N-epsilon; and 7) amending the flow compensated curve of the valve or the overlapping degree curve of the valve in accordance with the N-delta relation curve.
Owner:ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF STATE GRID SHANDONG ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY +1

Method for determining critical stable value of grid connected thermal power generating unit primary frequency regulation rotating speed diversity factor

The invention relates to a method for determining the critical stable value of the grid connected thermal power generating unit primary frequency regulation rotating speed diversity factor. The thermal power generating unit is a condensing turbine set, and is based on a one-machine infinite system. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of S1, establishing a steam volume effect mathematical model; S2, establishing a turbine rotor mathematical model; S3, establishing a hydraulic servo-motor mathematical model; S4, solving the critical stable value of the thermal power generating unit primary frequency regulation non-linear model rotating speed diversity factor; S4, solving the critical stable value of the thermal power generating unit primary frequency regulation linear model rotating speed diversity factor; and finally obtaining a rotating speed diversity factor Delta formula which makes the system be stable. According to the invention, the linear model rotating speed diversity factor critical stable value is employed to substitute the non-linear model rotating speed diversity factor critical stable value to serve as the set reference value of the grid connected thermal power generating unit primary frequency regulation rotating speed diversity factor, the safety of the grid connected thermal power generating unit is considered, and stable operation and primary frequency regulation capability of the rid connected thermal power generating unit are considered at the same time. At the same time, the method for determining the critical stable value of the grid connected thermal power generating unit primary frequency regulation rotating speed diversity factor is simple in implementation method and high in precision.
Owner:ELECTRIC POWER RES INST OF GUANGDONG POWER GRID

Device and method for detecting infrared spectral imaging system performance

InactiveCN103424189AOvercome the inability to quantitatively set the spectral emissivityAccurate measurementSpectrum investigationFull scale testingComputer science
The invention discloses a device and method for detecting infrared spectral imaging system performance. The device comprises a control processor, an optical filter controller, a digital temperature controller, a target wheel controller, a multi-spectral target simulator and a multi-spectral optical collimator. The method comprises the first step of setting parameters, the second step of generating a triangular target, the third step of acquiring a target image, the fourth step of acquiring direction pointing recognition data, the fifth step of recording the direction pointing judged result, the sixth step of judging whether the times of direction pointing judging are enough or not, the seventh step of acquiring the true judgment probability, the eighth step of judging whether the times of setting a heat contrast ratio are enough or not, the ninth step of acquiring a triangular direction identification threshold value, the tenth step of judging whether the times of setting spatial frequency are enough or not, the eleventh step of judging whether the times of setting the spectrum diversity factor are enough or not, and the twelfth step of acquiring a two-dimension triangular direction identification threshold value curved face. The device and the method can comprehensively detect the comprehensive performance of an infrared spectral imaging system.
Owner:XIDIAN UNIV

Linear adaptive equalizer based on channel estimation

InactiveCN102790734AAvoid application-specific limitationsTransmitter/receiver shaping networksTime delaysComputer module
The invention provides a linear adaptive equalizer based on channel estimation, which comprises a plurality of taps, a time delay unit and tap coefficients corresponding to the taps. The linear adaptive equalizer is characterized in that the specific number of the plurality of taps is determined by a tap quantity generating module, wherein the tap quantity generating module further comprises a sub-module for obtaining an amplitude impact response of the channel and obtaining the amplitude impact response of the channel according to a related value of a synchronizing signal of a communication data frame, a sub-module for building a discrete model of the channel and determining a coefficient hi of the discrete model of the channel according to an estimation result of the amplitude impact response of the channel, and a length n generation sub-module for obtaining a Lagrange remainder term and a diversity factor by expanding and solving the stage number of the discrete model reciprocal value of the channel and finally analyzing the relation of the diversity factor expression and the equalizer length n to obtain a result. The tap quantity generating module also comprises a sub-module for optimizing the tap quantity n, and the sub-module adopts a search algorithm.
Owner:INST OF ACOUSTICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Layered zirconia porcelain block technology with even contraction of all layers

The invention belongs to the field of oral cavity materials and particularly relates to a layered zirconia porcelain block technology with even contraction of all layers. By adopting the technical scheme, according to the required colors, the component and content of zirconia powder formulas of all the layers are determined, and zirconia porcelain blocks of all the layers comprise shallowest layers, transition layers and deepest layers; according to the content of yttria in all the formulas, the particle diameter distribution of zirconia and yttria in the shallowest layers and the deepest layers is adjusted, so that it is guaranteed that the contraction rate diversity factor of the shallowest layers and the deepest layers after sintering is smaller than 0.3%; the adjusted shallowest layersand deepest layers are evenly mixed to obtain the transition layers; the shallowest layers, transition layers and deepest layers are placed layer by layer according to the color shade sequence and subjected to isostatic pressing, pre-sintering and high-temperature sintering, and preparation is completed. By adopting the technical scheme, the layered zirconia porcelain block with natural colors, natural penetrability transition and a basically-constant contraction rate can be obtained.
Owner:CHENGDU BESMILE MEDICAL TECH CORP LTD

Supercritical unit DEH side primary frequency modulation method

ActiveCN105888743AFast load changeImprove variable load capacityMachines/enginesEngine componentsSteam pressurePower grid
The invention discloses a supercritical unit DEH side primary frequency modulation method. The method includes the following steps that firstly, the deviation value between the rated rotation speed and the feedback rotation speed of a turbine unit is obtained; secondly, the deviation value obtained from the first step is calculated through a speed diversity factor function, and a calculated result and a power command are superposed; thirdly, the deviation value between the superposed value obtained from the second step and the feedback power of the turbine unit is obtained; fourthly, the deviator value generated after PID calculation is conducted on the deviation value obtained from the third step and the deviation value is obtained; and fifthly, the deviator value obtained from the fourth step is calculated through a main steam pressure modification function, the main steam pressure modification value is obtained and input into an execution mechanism, and therefore the turbine unit is controlled to run. By the adoption of the method, the primary frequency modulation function of the unit can be safely input for a long time, the primary frequency modulation performance of the unit is excellent, and the method is of great significance in safety and reliability of a power grid and a power plant.
Owner:SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER CO +1

Three-side primary frequency modulation control method and system of heat-supply generator unit

ActiveCN107989665AAdd a frequency modulation (feedforward) functionEliminate heating pressure variationsSteam useEngine componentsControl systemPulse-frequency modulation
The invention discloses a three-side primary frequency modulation control method of a heat-supply generator unit. The frequency modulation diversity factor function is used as the feedforward output of a heat-supply pressure regulator in a heat-supply system to be acted on a steam turbine heat-supply regulating device, the change of the steam flow entering a low pressure steam turbine is used, thechange of forming primary frequency modulation power is increased to the heat-supply generator unit, and primary frequency modulation is carried out by the heat-supply generator unit. On the basis ofthe bilateral common primary frequency modulation of an original coordination side and a speed regulating side, the function of the primary frequency modulation (feedforward) of the heat-supply sideis increased, the function of the three-side (control system) primary frequency modulation is composed, not only meet the increment of fast and continuous power of the primary frequency modulation, but also the heat-supply quality is not affected, finally the throttling loss of a main steam governing valve is reduced, and the generating efficiency of the heat-supply generator unit is enhanced.
Owner:SHANGHAI HUADIAN ELECTRIC POWER DEV CO LTD
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