61 results about "Flow impedance" patented technology

A method of controlling temperature of a heat source in contact with a heat exchanging surface of a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanging surface is substantially aligned along a plane. The method comprises channeling a first temperature fluid to the heat exchanging surface, wherein the first temperature fluid undergoes thermal exchange with the heat source along the heat exchanging surface. The method comprises channeling a second temperature fluid from the heat exchange surface, wherein fluid is channeled to minimize temperature differences along the heat source. The temperature differences are minimized by optimizing and controlling the fluidic and thermal resistances in the heat exchanger. The resistances to the fluid are influenced by size, volume and surface area of heat transferring features, multiple pumps, fixed and variable valves and flow impedance elements in the fluid path, pressure and flow rate control of the fluid, and other factors.

A supercharged internal combustion engine system wherein the supercharger assembly includes an ejector pump driven by high-pressure air for pumping intake air into engine combustion chamber. The ejector pump uses a supersonic driving nozzle and a diffuser, each of which can be provided either with a fixed throat area or with a variable throat area. The system includes means for sensing engine power demand and controlling the supercharging action. Effective supercharging with fast response to demand is achieved even at low engine speeds. During periods of natural engine aspiration the ejector pump can be by-passed to reduce flow impedance. The invention permits increasing power output from small displacement engines. As a result, acceleration and grade ascent capabilities of automotive vehicles with small displacement engines having good fuel economy is improved. The system can be also operated to reduce engine exhaust emissions during cold start.

An endoscope is described in which the diameter of the image relay assembly is less than that of the objective lens assembly. An endoscope sheath is also described for sheathing the endoscope and housing or directing optical fibers for use in illuminating the endoscope view of view. An endoscope-sheath system is further described comprising the combination of the endoscope and the endoscope sheath in eccentric alignment to reduce fluid flow impedance between the two.

An electrohydrodynamic spraying or spinning deposition system, which includes a common source of pressurized liquid within a manifold, and an array of 2 or more spraying tips, each tip being fed from the common source of pressurized liquid to create a liquid flow path. An individual flow impedance device is disposed within each tip's individual liquid flow path from the pressurized liquid source into each spraying tip. The individual flow impedance devices are disposed within a replaceable sheet, which can be easily cleaned or changed to accommodate the instance liquid viscosity and composition. A high voltage source is applied to create a high voltage potential applied between the tip array and a deposition surface.

A supercharged internal combustion engine system wherein the supercharger assembly includes an ejector pump driven by high-pressure air for pumping intake air into engine combustion chamber. Included are means for sensing engine power demand and controlling the supercharging action. A compressor and an air tank for providing high-pressure air for driving the ejector pump are also disclosed. During periods of natural aspiration the ejector pump can be by-passed to reduce flow impedance. The ejector pump can use a driving nozzle with a fixed throat or a variable throat, or a lobed nozzle. Effective supercharging is achieved even at low engine speeds. One of the objects of the invention is to obtain more power from small displacement ICE and thus providing automotive vehicles with sufficient acceleration in addition to good fuel economy.

The invention puts forward a sheath flow impedance particle analyzer, comprising a counting cell, a counting circuit, a latter sheath partition cell and a liquid waste partition cell; wherein, the counting cell comprises a former cell and a latter cell; the former cell comprises a particle suspension liquid inlet and a former sheath liquid inlet; the latter cell comprises a latter sheath liquid inlet and a liquid waste outlet; a hole is arranged between the former cell and the latter cell which are connected with the counting circuit through electrode; the latter sheath liquid stored in the latter sheath partition cell can automatically and continuously flow into the latter cell under the gravitation and the internal negative pressure in the latter cell; the latter sheath partition cell can make the internal liquid passageway, which connects the inlet and the outlet of the latter sheath partition cell, insulated by the air; the liquid waste partition cell can make the internal liquid passageway insulated, which connects the inlet and the outlet of the liquid waste partition cell. The invention has the advantages of preventing the reflowing of the sample liquid in the process of detecting, reducing the signal noise effectively, increasing the detecting sensitivity of the particle and avoiding the electromagnet noise introduced to the counting cell from the latter sheath partition cell or the liquid waste partition cell.

A high recovery sonic gas valve design with the inlet flow entering transverse and orthogonal to the outlet flow is presented. The configuration cancels the effects of the inlet flow entering orthogonal to the axis of the nozzle and diffuser. The inlet passage is curved in a manner to let the flow enter along the centerline of the nozzle and diffuser. The nozzle is contoured and provides upstream flow impedance. The diffuser is contoured with the area gradient varying from a low positive value at the nozzle throat then to a maximum value and finally dropping off significantly to near zero prior to the nozzle exit. The diffuser is nearly cylindrical and may extend past the valve outlet flange and protrude into adjacent piping.

A high recovery sonic gas valve design with the inlet flow entering transverse and orthogonal to the outlet flow is presented. The configuration cancels the effects of the inlet flow entering orthogonal to the axis of the nozzle and diffuser. The inlet passage is curved in a manner to let the flow enter along the centerline of the nozzle and diffuser. The nozzle is contoured and provides upstream flow impedance. The diffuser is contoured with the area gradient varying from a low positive value at the nozzle throat then to a maximum value and finally dropping off significantly to near zero prior to the nozzle exit. The diffuser is nearly cylindrical and may extend past the valve outlet flange and protrude into adjacent piping.

A regulable dashpot with shock-absorption force controls, especially intended for motor vehicles, with at least one flow-regulating system including one or more shock-absorption components for the compression phase and / or for the decompression phase. The object is to allow the dashpot to shift continuously between the hard and soft phases, whereby the valve-adjustment intervals can be varied at intervals that are not unnecessarily short or even unattainable. At least one valve assembly is accordingly supplied with variable flow impedance by a regulating valve (5 or 6).

Viscous flow and volume consolidation which may cause sensor output drift are avoided in a fiber optic sensor by using a body of crystalline and preferably monocrystalline material to establish the transducer gap. Use of a monocrystalline material also reduces chemical reactivity of the sensor with substances which may be present where the sensor is deployed. The increased dimensional stability of the monocrystalline body in a tube-based, V-groove-based or other type of fiber optic sensor reduces the need for and frequency of recalibration.

The invention discloses a traffic bottleneck identification method in a complicated traffic environment, mainly solving the problem of serous traffic congestion because the prior art cannot satisfy the current requirement for traffic. The implementation steps of the traffic bottleneck identification method are 1) using an undirected graph with weight to represent a complex network which abstracts a practical traffic network; 2) utilizing a tolerance flow allocation algorithm to perform balanced flow allocation for a user on the abstract network topological graph; 3) distributing a weight for each road segment in the network, wherein the weight is a zero flow impedance on each road segment; 4) according to the network after the weights are distributed, searching for a minimal spanning tree for the zero flow impedance; and 5) performing priority ranking for the degree of importance of the bottlenecks in the minimal spanning tree obtained from the step 5). The traffic bottleneck identification method in an urban traffic network can provide quantitative description for the degree of importance of the bottlenecks for a traffic management department to enable the traffic management department to accurately grasp the distribution characteristics of the traffic bottlenecks, reasonably plan the traffic network topology and match the traffic demand for each road segment of a road network with the traffic capacity, and can be applied to an integrated traffic dispersion system.

An electrohydrodynamic spraying or spinning deposition system, which includes a common source of pressurized liquid within a manifold, and an array of 2 or more spraying tips, each tip being fed from the common source of pressurized liquid to create a liquid flow path. An individual flow impedance device is disposed within each tip's individual liquid flow path from the pressurized liquid source into each spraying tip. The individual flow impedance devices are disposed within a replaceable sheet, which can be easily cleaned or changed to accommodate the instance liquid viscosity and composition. A high voltage source is applied to create a high voltage potential applied between the tip array and a deposition surface.

A co-extrusion head for forming high-aspect ratio gridline structures in a micro extrusion apparatus includes multiple sheets (e.g., metal plates) that are machined and assembled to define three-part fluidic channels having associated outlet orifice disposed along an edge surface of the head. Reference surfaces are also etched in the sheets and are aligned in a straight line that intersects output junctions of the three-channel cavities. After assembly (e.g., using high pressure bonding techniques), each reference surface is located inside a notch defined in the edge surface. The edge surface of the co-extrusion head is then trimmed (e.g., machined by wire EDM) using the reference surfaces as a precise guide, thereby producing uniform length outlet orifices with uniform flow impedance.

An apparatus for laser irradiation including a housing wherein the housing defines at least a portion of a test volume; a first conduit configured to provide a first flow of gas into the test volume; a second conduit configured to remove the first flow of gas from the test volume; a third conduit configured to provide a second flow of gas; and a flow controller configured to provide a region of increased flow impedance between the first conduit and the third conduit so that the first flow of gas is directed towards the test volume and the second flow of gas is directed away from the first flow of gas so as to restrict gas external to the housing from coming into contact with the first flow of gas.

A liquid metal ion source has an emitter electrode for emitting ions, an extraction electrode, proximate the emitter electrode for generating a focused electric field at a tip of the emitter electrode, and a suppression electrode proximate the extraction electrode for adjusting the strength of the focused electric field generated at the tip of the emitter electrode so that metal ions are extracted from liquid metal covering the tip of the emitter electrode at a desired emission current value. A storage device stores a function defining a relationship between variation (DELTAIe) in current of the emitter electrode and variation (DELTAVsup) in voltage of the suppression electrode as a function DELTAIe=F(DELTAVsup), with the voltage (Vext) of the extraction electrode being at a fixed value. A control apparatus controls voltages of the extraction and suppression electrodes and the emission current, detects the variation DELTAVsup in the voltage (Vsup) of the suppression electrode when a voltage (Vext) of the extraction electrode is made to vary by only DELTAVext with the current of the emitter electrode being held to a fixed value, and calculates flow impedance DELTAVext / DELTAIe using the voltage variation amounts DELTAVext and DELTAVsup and the function acquired form the storage device.

The side profile of a hard drive assembly may be configured with one or more open areas to allow cooling air to pass side-to-side through a lateral flow channel provided by a cavity defined in the base portion of the hard drive assembly. Corresponding and complementary open areas may be also be defined in mating drive carrier assembly side components to allow passage of lateral side-to-side cooling air through the base portion flow channel of a hard drive assembled to the drive carrier assembly to form a mountable hard drive system that is installed into a storage enclosure. The at least partially aligned open flow areas of the assembled hard dive assembly and drive carrier assembly may cooperate to reduce air flow impedance across multiple rows of hard drive systems through a storage enclosure.

A fluid container, such as, for example, an inkjet print head cartridge, architecture uses a relatively large filter that is located below a negative pressure material chamber and a free ink chamber in a side-by-side relationship. The negative pressure material volume relative to a free ink chamber value can me made to be approximately one to one. Both chambers overlie an ink manifold / delivery port and are separated from the delivery port by a filter. Flow impedance of the cartridge is reduced, as a result, in any orientation of the cartridge. The filter may be separated from, or in contact with a negative pressure material. A cartridge lid is provided with a negative pressure material chamber which is suspended into the cartridge. A negative pressure material having a fiber felt construction is provided.

Cryocoolers, including coolers, heaters, and heat pumps each having a first stage and a second stage, are modified with controlled and variable gas phase shifting devices for controlling gas pressure and mass flow between volumes of the first and second stages for improving the efficiency and temperature range of expander cryocoolers such as displacer cryocoolers using controlled valves as flow impedance devices and pulse tube cryocoolers using inertance gaps as flow inertia devices, for maximizing cooling between the first and second stages.

Electrospun materials are fabricated using air-flow impedance technology, which results in the production of scaffolds in which some regions are dense with low porosity and others regions are less dense and more porous. The dense regions provide structural support for the scaffold while the porous regions permit entry of cells and other materials into the scaffold, e.g. when used for tissue engineering.

An ink jet head that varies a capacity in each of plural pressure chambers arranged in parallel, each of which is defined by side walls, each communicating with an ink supplying path, for ejecting an ink droplet from an ejecting nozzle mounted at one end of this pressure chamber is provided with a dummy nozzle that is provided at one end of the pressure chamber positioned at the non-printing region and is set to have an aperture diameter at the ink ejecting side greater than an aperture diameter of the ejecting nozzle and to have a flow impedance approximately same as that of the ejecting nozzle. When the ink droplet is ejected from the ejecting nozzle communicating with the pressure chamber positioned at the end section within the printing region, the capacity in the pressure chamber positioned at the non-printing region is varied simultaneous with the variation of the capacity in the pressure chamber positioned at the end section within the printing region, thereby preventing a variation in volume of the ink droplet ejected from each ejecting nozzle caused by a crosstalk and preventing the occurrence of a non-uniform density or deterioration in image quality.

To maintain proper cooling within a computing device enclosure, a computer processor receives input indicating a rotation position of a fan blade of a cooling fan. The computer processor receives input indicating a rotation position of a fan motor magnetic field of the cooling fan. The computer processor calculates a slip of the cooling fan, based on the rotation position of the fan blade relative to the rotation position of the fan motor magnetic field. The computer processor determines an air flow impedance based on the slip of the cooling fan, and in response to a deviation of the air flow impedance from an operational range of air flow impedance, the computer processor increases a rotation speed of the cooling fan, wherein the operational range of the air flow impedance is maintained.

The side profile of a hard drive assembly may be configured with one or more open areas to allow cooling air to pass side-to-side through a lateral flow channel provided by a cavity defined in the base portion of the hard drive assembly. Corresponding and complementary open areas may be also be defined in mating drive carrier assembly side components to allow passage of lateral side-to-side cooling air through the base portion flow channel of a hard drive assembled to the drive carrier assembly to form a mountable hard drive system that is installed into a storage enclosure. The at least partially aligned open flow areas of the assembled hard dive assembly and drive carrier assembly may cooperate to reduce air flow impedance across multiple rows of hard drive systems through a storage enclosure.

A thermally controlled stage is connected within one arm of a bridge of a capillary bridge viscometer so that the bridge can be balanced in situ to provide accurate measurement signals. The thermally controlled stage includes a tuning capillary tubing portion that is wrapped around a thermally conductive core. A resistance heater or a Peltier thermoelectric device is located in close proximity to the capillary tubing portion. The heater or Peltier device and the capillary tubing portion are located within a thermally insulated housing. The heater or Peltier device varies the temperature of the capillary tubing portion to cause a corresponding change in the flow impedance of the tuning capillary tubing portion of the arm of the bridge in which the thermally controlled stage is connected. The temperature of the tuning capillary tubing portion is monitored and adjusted until any pressure differential across the bridge is eliminated, whereby to trim in the balance of the bridge.

The invention discloses a sheath flow impedance and optical synchronous counting device which comprises a sample needle mounting part, a capture tube mounting part, a front pool shell and a rear pool shell, wherein a front pool inner cavity is formed in the front pool shell; a rear pool inner cavity is formed in the rear pool shell; the front pool inner cavity is communicated with the rear pool inner cavity through a counting hole; the sample needle mounting part is fixed on the front pool shell to seal the front pool inner cavity; the capture tube mounting part is fixed on the rear pool shell to seal the rear pool inner cavity; a laser incidence window and a laser scattering window are formed in the rear pool shell; an axial extension line of the laser incidence window and an axial extension line of the laser scattering window are intersected on the counting hole and form an included angle of about 90 degrees or about 135 degrees. The counting device disclosed by the invention can acquire impedance test data and laser scattering test data of a single cell at the same time when being linked with a system.