60 results about "Flow impedance" patented technology

A method of controlling temperature of a heat source in contact with a heat exchanging surface of a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanging surface is substantially aligned along a plane. The method comprises channeling a first temperature fluid to the heat exchanging surface, wherein the first temperature fluid undergoes thermal exchange with the heat source along the heat exchanging surface. The method comprises channeling a second temperature fluid from the heat exchange surface, wherein fluid is channeled to minimize temperature differences along the heat source. The temperature differences are minimized by optimizing and controlling the fluidic and thermal resistances in the heat exchanger. The resistances to the fluid are influenced by size, volume and surface area of heat transferring features, multiple pumps, fixed and variable valves and flow impedance elements in the fluid path, pressure and flow rate control of the fluid, and other factors.

A supercharged internal combustion engine system wherein the supercharger assembly includes an ejector pump driven by high-pressure air for pumping intake air into engine combustion chamber. The ejector pump uses a supersonic driving nozzle and a diffuser, each of which can be provided either with a fixed throat area or with a variable throat area. The system includes means for sensing engine power demand and controlling the supercharging action. Effective supercharging with fast response to demand is achieved even at low engine speeds. During periods of natural engine aspiration the ejector pump can be by-passed to reduce flow impedance. The invention permits increasing power output from small displacement engines. As a result, acceleration and grade ascent capabilities of automotive vehicles with small displacement engines having good fuel economy is improved. The system can be also operated to reduce engine exhaust emissions during cold start.

A supercharged internal combustion engine system wherein the supercharger assembly includes an ejector pump driven by high-pressure air for pumping intake air into engine combustion chamber. Included are means for sensing engine power demand and controlling the supercharging action. A compressor and an air tank for providing high-pressure air for driving the ejector pump are also disclosed. During periods of natural aspiration the ejector pump can be by-passed to reduce flow impedance. The ejector pump can use a driving nozzle with a fixed throat or a variable throat, or a lobed nozzle. Effective supercharging is achieved even at low engine speeds. One of the objects of the invention is to obtain more power from small displacement ICE and thus providing automotive vehicles with sufficient acceleration in addition to good fuel economy.

The invention puts forward a sheath flow impedance particle analyzer, comprising a counting cell, a counting circuit, a latter sheath partition cell and a liquid waste partition cell; wherein, the counting cell comprises a former cell and a latter cell; the former cell comprises a particle suspension liquid inlet and a former sheath liquid inlet; the latter cell comprises a latter sheath liquid inlet and a liquid waste outlet; a hole is arranged between the former cell and the latter cell which are connected with the counting circuit through electrode; the latter sheath liquid stored in the latter sheath partition cell can automatically and continuously flow into the latter cell under the gravitation and the internal negative pressure in the latter cell; the latter sheath partition cell can make the internal liquid passageway, which connects the inlet and the outlet of the latter sheath partition cell, insulated by the air; the liquid waste partition cell can make the internal liquid passageway insulated, which connects the inlet and the outlet of the liquid waste partition cell. The invention has the advantages of preventing the reflowing of the sample liquid in the process of detecting, reducing the signal noise effectively, increasing the detecting sensitivity of the particle and avoiding the electromagnet noise introduced to the counting cell from the latter sheath partition cell or the liquid waste partition cell.

A high recovery sonic gas valve design with the inlet flow entering transverse and orthogonal to the outlet flow is presented. The configuration cancels the effects of the inlet flow entering orthogonal to the axis of the nozzle and diffuser. The inlet passage is curved in a manner to let the flow enter along the centerline of the nozzle and diffuser. The nozzle is contoured and provides upstream flow impedance. The diffuser is contoured with the area gradient varying from a low positive value at the nozzle throat then to a maximum value and finally dropping off significantly to near zero prior to the nozzle exit. The diffuser is nearly cylindrical and may extend past the valve outlet flange and protrude into adjacent piping.

A regulable dashpot with shock-absorption force controls, especially intended for motor vehicles, with at least one flow-regulating system including one or more shock-absorption components for the compression phase and/or for the decompression phase. The object is to allow the dashpot to shift continuously between the hard and soft phases, whereby the valve-adjustment intervals can be varied at intervals that are not unnecessarily short or even unattainable. At least one valve assembly is accordingly supplied with variable flow impedance by a regulating valve (5 or 6).

Viscous flow and volume consolidation which may cause sensor output drift are avoided in a fiber optic sensor by using a body of crystalline and preferably monocrystalline material to establish the transducer gap. Use of a monocrystalline material also reduces chemical reactivity of the sensor with substances which may be present where the sensor is deployed. The increased dimensional stability of the monocrystalline body in a tube-based, V-groove-based or other type of fiber optic sensor reduces the need for and frequency of recalibration.

An apparatus for laser irradiation including a housing wherein the housing defines at least a portion of a test volume; a first conduit configured to provide a first flow of gas into the test volume; a second conduit configured to remove the first flow of gas from the test volume; a third conduit configured to provide a second flow of gas; and a flow controller configured to provide a region of increased flow impedance between the first conduit and the third conduit so that the first flow of gas is directed towards the test volume and the second flow of gas is directed away from the first flow of gas so as to restrict gas external to the housing from coming into contact with the first flow of gas.

A liquid metal ion source has an emitter electrode for emitting ions, an extraction electrode, proximate the emitter electrode for generating a focused electric field at a tip of the emitter electrode, and a suppression electrode proximate the extraction electrode for adjusting the strength of the focused electric field generated at the tip of the emitter electrode so that metal ions are extracted from liquid metal covering the tip of the emitter electrode at a desired emission current value. A storage device stores a function defining a relationship between variation (DELTAIe) in current of the emitter electrode and variation (DELTAVsup) in voltage of the suppression electrode as a function DELTAIe=F(DELTAVsup), with the voltage (Vext) of the extraction electrode being at a fixed value. A control apparatus controls voltages of the extraction and suppression electrodes and the emission current, detects the variation DELTAVsup in the voltage (Vsup) of the suppression electrode when a voltage (Vext) of the extraction electrode is made to vary by only DELTAVext with the current of the emitter electrode being held to a fixed value, and calculates flow impedance DELTAVext/DELTAIe using the voltage variation amounts DELTAVext and DELTAVsup and the function acquired form the storage device.

A fluid container, such as, for example, an inkjet print head cartridge, architecture uses a relatively large filter that is located below a negative pressure material chamber and a free ink chamber in a side-by-side relationship. The negative pressure material volume relative to a free ink chamber value can me made to be approximately one to one. Both chambers overlie an ink manifold/delivery port and are separated from the delivery port by a filter. Flow impedance of the cartridge is reduced, as a result, in any orientation of the cartridge. The filter may be separated from, or in contact with a negative pressure material. A cartridge lid is provided with a negative pressure material chamber which is suspended into the cartridge. A negative pressure material having a fiber felt construction is provided.

Cryocoolers, including coolers, heaters, and heat pumps each having a first stage and a second stage, are modified with controlled and variable gas phase shifting devices for controlling gas pressure and mass flow between volumes of the first and second stages for improving the efficiency and temperature range of expander cryocoolers such as displacer cryocoolers using controlled valves as flow impedance devices and pulse tube cryocoolers using inertance gaps as flow inertia devices, for maximizing cooling between the first and second stages.

Electrospun materials are fabricated using air-flow impedance technology, which results in the production of scaffolds in which some regions are dense with low porosity and others regions are less dense and more porous. The dense regions provide structural support for the scaffold while the porous regions permit entry of cells and other materials into the scaffold, e.g. when used for tissue engineering.

An ink jet head that varies a capacity in each of plural pressure chambers arranged in parallel, each of which is defined by side walls, each communicating with an ink supplying path, for ejecting an ink droplet from an ejecting nozzle mounted at one end of this pressure chamber is provided with a dummy nozzle that is provided at one end of the pressure chamber positioned at the non-printing region and is set to have an aperture diameter at the ink ejecting side greater than an aperture diameter of the ejecting nozzle and to have a flow impedance approximately same as that of the ejecting nozzle. When the ink droplet is ejected from the ejecting nozzle communicating with the pressure chamber positioned at the end section within the printing region, the capacity in the pressure chamber positioned at the non-printing region is varied simultaneous with the variation of the capacity in the pressure chamber positioned at the end section within the printing region, thereby preventing a variation in volume of the ink droplet ejected from each ejecting nozzle caused by a crosstalk and preventing the occurrence of a non-uniform density or deterioration in image quality.

A thermally controlled stage is connected within one arm of a bridge of a capillary bridge viscometer so that the bridge can be balanced in situ to provide accurate measurement signals. The thermally controlled stage includes a tuning capillary tubing portion that is wrapped around a thermally conductive core. A resistance heater or a Peltier thermoelectric device is located in close proximity to the capillary tubing portion. The heater or Peltier device and the capillary tubing portion are located within a thermally insulated housing. The heater or Peltier device varies the temperature of the capillary tubing portion to cause a corresponding change in the flow impedance of the tuning capillary tubing portion of the arm of the bridge in which the thermally controlled stage is connected. The temperature of the tuning capillary tubing portion is monitored and adjusted until any pressure differential across the bridge is eliminated, whereby to trim in the balance of the bridge.