The invention relates to the technical field of particle accelerators, and provides a medium-assisted acceleration structure and method for realizing low loss and
high acceleration gradient by using a low-temperature environment. The structure comprises a medium-assisted acceleration structure body and a low-temperature maintenance and
control system, the medium-assisted acceleration structure body comprises a medium layer and a
metal cavity to provide
electromagnetic field distribution, and the low-temperature maintenance and
control system is integrated on the body to maintain the
working temperature of the body to be less than or equal to 77K, reduce resistance and
dielectric loss and improve a
radio frequency breakdown threshold; according to the invention, the
radio frequency breakdown threshold is increased at a low temperature, so that the acceleration structure stably operates under higher
electric field intensity, and the particle energy
gain is increased; the
metal resistivity and the
dielectric loss are synchronously reduced, the total
power loss is reduced, and the energy efficiency is improved; micro-
discharge and gas
desorption effects are inhibited, the
structural stability is improved, and the service life of equipment is prolonged; through low-temperature
adaptive design and systematic integration, electromagnetic performance and
mechanical reliability are ensured, and the synergistic
advantage of low temperature and medium assistance is exerted.