384 results about "Output coupler" patented technology

A passive mode-locked polarized laser including an oscillator, the oscillator including: a cavity; a pump source coupled to the cavity; an optical output coupler, and an optical output isolator. Also, a method for generating polarized pulsed light having a wavelength of about 2 μm using the passive mode-locked polarized laser.

An optical waveguide system and an electronic device are disclosed. The system comprises: a waveguide; an input coupler coupling a light into the waveguide; and an output coupler, wherein the input coupler includes a right portion and a left portion, wherein the right portion includes stacked first and second polarization volume gratings, the left portion includes stacked third and fourth polarization volume gratings. The first and fourth polarization volume gratings are polarization volume gratings optimized for a right-hand-side field of view of the light, and the third and second polarization volume gratings are polarization volume gratings optimized for a left-hand-side field of view of the light.

A modular ophthalmology device comprising: a first optical device having a light source and an imaging sensor, a first input coupling having an optical interface connection and a physical interface connection for aligning and securing an input optical module, a first optical output, an optical pathway and an output coupling securing a third optical device.

An electronic device such as a head mounted device may have a head-mounted support structure. A portion of the head-mounted support structure may form a transparent housing member through which real-world objects can be viewed from eye boxes. A display system for the head-mounted device may have a display device that provides image light to a waveguide and may have an output coupler that couples the image light out of the waveguide toward the eye box. Peripheral portions of the transparent housing member or other peripheral device structures may be provided with a peripheral display that emits diffuse light into a user's peripheral vision. The peripheral display may use light guide structures, light sources, reflective structures, and other structures that provide transparency to real-world light.

Disclosed herein are pupil expanders for pupil replication in near-eye display systems. In some examples, a pupil expander includes a waveguide and a variable reflectivity transflective mirror, where display light propagating in the waveguide is transmitted through a plurality of regions of the variable reflectivity transflective mirror to form a plurality of replicas of the pupil along one direction. Two such pupil expanders can be used to replicate the pupil in two directions. In some examples, a pupil expander includes a waveguide, an output coupler formed on or in the waveguide, and two or more transflective mirrors in the waveguide and parallel to a surface the waveguide for improving the pupil replication density and light intensity uniformity of the eyebox.

An electronic device may include a waveguide with an input coupler and an output coupler. The input coupler may receive the image light from imaging optics. The input coupler may be an input coupling prism and the imaging optics may include lens elements. World light may be viewable at an eye box through the output coupler. Biasing, compensation, and / or prescription lenses may overlap the output coupler. The input coupling prism, the lens elements in the imaging optics, and / or one or more of the biasing, compensation, and prescription lenses may be formed from gradient index (GRIN) material. The GRIN material may have a gradient refractive index that varies in one or more gradient directions. Use of GRIN materials may minimize the volume required to form the device without sacrificing optical performance. In addition, the GRIN materials may compensate for dispersion and aberrations in the device.

The utility model discloses a high-order transverse mode controllable space-time mode locking all-fiber laser, which relates to the field of fiber lasers and comprises an annular laser system and a feedback system. The ring laser system comprises a laser diode pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain fiber, a high-order transverse mode generation module, a multi-mode output coupler, a saturable absorber, a polarization controller, an isolator and an out-of-cavity coupler. The feedback control system comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module and a feedback control circuit. Space-time mode locking is achieved based on the all-fiber saturable absorber, and the device has the advantages of being simple in structure, small in environmental influence, good in stability and the like. By inserting the multi-core multimode optical fiber and the conical multimode optical fiber into the all-fiber mode-locked laser, excitation of a high-order transverse mode and screening of the high-order transverse mode are effectively achieved. By externally connecting a feedback control system, the high-order transverse mode output by the laser is selected, and the space-time mode-locked all-fiber laser with controllable output high-order transverse mode is effectively realized.

An augmented reality (AR) display system includes a light source and a lens element having a waveguide to direct display light from the light source toward a user's eye. The waveguide includes an incoupler (IC) having surface relief gratings (SRGs) in a first region of the waveguide to incouple the display light and a combined exit pupil expander (EPE) and outcoupler (OC) having surface relief gratings at a second region of the waveguide for exit pupil expansion and surface relief gratings at a third region of the waveguide for outcoupling the display light from the waveguide. The second and third regions at least partially overlap laterally relative to the expected position of the user's eye, with the surface relief gratings of the second region being formed on the same or opposite side of the waveguide as the surface relief gratings of the third region.

An eyewear display device expands a field of view by projecting display light at multiple ranges of input angles to a waveguide (600) employing multiple portions of an incoupler (514) or multiple incouplers (514, 414) corresponding to the different angular ranges of display light to guide light to an exit pupil expander (416) configured to receive the display light from the different angular ranges and an outcoupler (608) that are sized to fit within an eyeglasses lens. The display light that is input from the different angular ranges is guided by the incouplers to be overlapped at an exit pupil expander (or, in some embodiments, at multiple exit pupil expanders that are overlaid with each other) to reduce the total ray footprint at the exit pupil expander.

A self-referenced locked optical frequency comb generation system based on thin-film lithium niobate includes: a first pump optical coupler, a first bus waveguide, an active microring, a mode spot converter, an optical amplifier, and a first end face coupler arranged on a rare earth-doped thin-film lithium niobate chip along the propagation direction of the optical signal; a second end face coupler, a wavelength division multiplexer, a dispersion compensation waveguide, a second bus waveguide, a passive microring, and a beam splitter arranged on the thin-film lithium niobate chip along the propagation direction of the optical signal; and a second pump optical coupler, an optical frequency comb output coupler, an optical filter, and a frequency doubling optical output coupler. The present invention realizes the generation of an on-chip self-locked optical frequency comb by using devices such as a mode-locked laser, an optical amplifier, and a high-Q value microring based on thin-film lithium niobate, and has broad application prospects.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lasers, and discloses a fiber laser for promoting generation of a stable soliton attraction state by using a high-birefringence fiber. The optical fiber laser comprises a laser pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, an erbium-doped gain optical fiber, a polarization independent isolator, a polarization controller, a polarization maintaining optical fiber, an output coupler and a mode locking device based on a carbon nanotube saturable absorber, and all the components are sequentially connected through single-mode optical fibers. The polarization-maintaining optical fiber is a panda-shaped polarization-maintaining optical fiber with a high birefringence effect. The polarization direction and the polarization state in the cavity are accurately controlled by adjusting the polarization controller, phase synchronization of soliton pulses is achieved when the polarization maintaining optical fiber is output, soliton energy in the cavity is rapidly accumulated, soliton splitting is triggered, and finally a stable multi-pulse soliton attraction state is formed. The design is simple and convenient to operate, and stability and anti-interference capability of soliton transmission are remarkably improved.

A waveguide display includes: a waveguide that supports a single grating layer; a data modulation light source; a first input coupler for guiding light of a first spectral band from the source into a first waveguide pupil; a second input coupler for guiding light of a second spectral band from the source into a second waveguide pupil; an output coupler including a multiplexed first grating and a second grating; at least one folding grating for guiding the first spectral band along a first path from the first pupil to the output coupler and providing a first beam expansion; at least one folding grating for guiding the second spectral band along a second path from the second pupil to the output coupler and providing a first beam expansion. The first multiplexed grating guides the first spectral band out of the waveguide in a first direction in which the beam expansion is orthogonal to the first beam expansion. The second multiplexed grating guides the second spectral band out of the waveguide in a first direction in which the beam expansion is orthogonal to the first beam expansion.

An optical waveguide system and an electronic device are disclosed. The optical waveguide system comprises: a waveguide; an input coupler, coupling a light including a first and a second color component into the waveguide; and an output coupler, including: a first polarization color filter, converting the first color component of a first polarization state into the first color component of a second polarization state without changing the second color component of the first polarization state; a first polarization volume grating, coupling the first color component out of the waveguide; a second polarization color filter, converting the second color component of the first polarization state into the second color component of the second polarization state without changing the first color component of the first polarization state; a second polarization volume grating, coupling the second color component out of the waveguide.

The invention discloses a periodic forked near-transformation limit nanosecond pulse mode-locked fiber laser and a generation method. The laser is characterized in that a fiber ring cavity comprises a wavelength division multiplexer, an erbium-doped fiber, a first polarization controller, a polarization analyzer, a dispersion control unit, an output coupler, a fiber isolator and a second polarization controller which are sequentially connected in a closed loop mode. The method comprises the steps that pumping continuous light is coupled into the laser through the wavelength division multiplexer; pumping continuous light is absorbed by using an erbium-doped fiber and is stimulated to radiate a gain pulse with a long wave band, and the generated pulse oscillates in a fiber laser cavity; under the combined action of a first polarization controller, an analyzer and a second polarization controller, an equivalent saturated absorption effect is generated by utilizing nonlinear polarization rotation generated when gain pulses are propagated in an optical fiber, and pulse mode locking is realized; the optical fiber laser works in an abnormal dispersion region, so that generated pulses meet the soliton area theorem, and near-transformation limit pulses are generated. According to the invention, nanosecond pulse period bifurcation output of the short-cavity fiber laser can be realized.

Waveguide modification includes modifying waveguide combiners, output coupler, and pupil expander regions, which contain diffraction gratings, based on user and display characteristics during manufacturing. The diffraction grating is generally configured to combine received display light, representing an image for display, and directs the combined light to a location where the image can be comfortably viewed by the user. Because the desired location for the display can vary based on characteristics of the user, the diffraction grating is modified during manufacturing, such as by covering portions of the grating, to tailor the characteristics of the diffraction grating for a particular user or group of users.

The invention provides a light transmission waveguide structure and device for binocular AR glasses light path detection. The light transmission waveguide structure comprises a cross-shaped substrate, a multi-channel input coupler and an output coupler; the cross-shaped substrate comprises a first waveguide arm and a second waveguide arm which are arranged in a crossed manner; the multi-channel input coupler comprises a first coupling-in grating and a fourth coupling-in grating which are arranged at the two ends of the first waveguide arm respectively, and a second coupling-in grating and a third coupling-in grating which are arranged at the two ends of the second waveguide arm respectively. The first coupling-in grating and the second coupling-in grating are located at the corresponding positions of a left coupling-out area of the left-eye waveguide. The third coupling-in grating and the fourth coupling-in grating are located at corresponding positions of a right coupling-out region of the right-eye waveguide; the output coupler is arranged in a central crossing area of the cross-shaped substrate, a first output vector of the output coupler is collinear with an input vector of the first coupled light and an input vector of the fourth coupled grating, and a second output vector of the output coupler is collinear with an input vector of the second coupled grating and an input vector of the third coupled grating.

The invention provides an all-fiber ultrafast laser based on 1.7 micron high energy. The all-fiber ultrafast laser comprises a pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain fiber, a band-pass filter, an output coupler, a single-mode fiber, a first three-ring polarization controller, a polarization dependent isolator and a second three-ring polarization controller. The output end of the pumping source is connected with the wavelength division multiplexer, the output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the band-pass filter through the gain fiber, the output end of the band-pass filter is connected with the output coupler, and the first output port of the output coupler is connected with the input end of the first three-ring polarization controller through the single-mode fiber. A second output port of the output coupler is used as the output of the all-fiber ultrafast laser, the output end of the first three-ring polarization controller is connected with the polarization dependent isolator, the output end of the polarization dependent isolator is connected with the second three-ring polarization controller, and the output end of the second three-ring polarization controller is connected with the wavelength division multiplexer.

An electronic device may include a display that generates light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide, a non-diffractive input coupler, a cross coupler, and an output coupler. The cross coupler may expand the light in a first direction. The cross coupler may perform an even number of diffractions on the light and may couple the light back into the waveguide at an angle suitable for total internal reflection. The output coupler may expand the light in a second direction while coupling the light out of the waveguide. The cross coupler may include surface relief gratings or holographic gratings embedded within the waveguide or formed in a separate substrate. The optical system may direct the light towards the eye box without chromatic dispersion and while supporting an expanded field of view and optical bandwidth.

An optical display system has an optical waveguide combiner and one or more cameras. The one or more camera(s) is optically coupled to the optical waveguide combiner and have a field of view of at least one real object and at least one virtual object displayable by the optical display system. The one or more camera(s), which may be for example wafer level waveguide camera(s), may be disposed outside the usable field of view of an output coupler. The one or more camera(s) may be self-calibrated electronically using images captured by the cameras of one or more virtual object(s) displayable by the optical display system. AR / VR / MR registration of devices and / or displayed virtual objects with real objects may be implemented using the images captured by the one or more camera(s) of the displayed virtual objects and real world objects. Real object distance and / or spatial location relative to the optical waveguide combiners may be determined or estimated from the captured images.

A display may include a waveguide. An input coupler may couple image light into the waveguide and an output coupler may couple the image light out of the waveguide. A surface relief grating on the waveguide may couple infrared light into the waveguide and may couple the infrared light out of the waveguide. The surface relief grating may additionally or alternatively couple reflected infrared light into the waveguide and out of the waveguide and towards an infrared sensor. The surface relief grating may also form a cross-coupler for the image light. The infrared sensor may gather infrared sensor data based on the reflected infrared light. Control circuitry may perform gaze tracking operations based on the infrared sensor data. The input and output couplers may also be formed from surface relief gratings or may include other optical components.

A display system includes a microdisplay and a curved light-guide to direct and magnify light from the microdisplay to a user's eye. The display system includes an incoupler that is thicker than the curved lightguide to couple light from the microdisplay into the curved lightguide and an out-coupler tilted at an angle to receive two bounces of display light and couple the display light out of the curved lightguide, resulting in a large eyebox. In some embodiments, the curved lightguide includes a low-index coating on a world-side surface with a gap through which side image light escapes and a sunglass coating on a lens to absorb the side image light. The curved light-guide includes a half-wave plate (HWP) to flip an input polarization for a main image to an orthogonal polarization and a dielectric mirror to act as a weak analyzer to dim side images.

The invention relates to a double-cut-angle E-bend cavity type power combiner, which comprises a resonant cavity body, the resonant cavity body adopts a double-cut-angle E-bend resonant cavity structure, the front end surfaces of the two walls of the double-cut-angle E-bend resonant cavity structure are symmetrically provided with a plurality of first through holes, and the back of the double-cut-angle E-bend resonant cavity structure is provided with a second through hole; the number of the input couplers is set to be a plurality, one end of each input coupler penetrates through the corresponding first through hole and goes deep into the resonant cavity, and the other end of each input coupler serves as a radio frequency input port and is used for being in butt joint with a solid-state power amplifier module; and the output coupler is inserted into the second through hole, and an output port of the output coupler is used for being connected with a load. Therefore, the requirement of power cavity type synthesis output under lower frequency is met, the problem that the size of a rectangular cavity is too large under low frequency is solved, and the synthesis efficiency is high by adopting a first-stage synthesis method.

An electrical pumping vertical external-cavity surface-emitting laser (EP-VECSEL) device. The device includes a first reflective element and an active region comprising a plurality of emitters, disposed on the first reflective element configured to accept an electrical current at multiple emitters on the active region such that the multiple emitters produce a plurality of lasers. The multiple emitters may be configured to form a desired Hermite Gaussian (HG) mode shape. The device includes a second reflective element disposed on the active region. The device further includes an array output coupler disposed optically in line with the second reflective element such that the plurality of lasers are directed into the array output coupler.

A display system includes one or more low-power laser diodes, each producing an emission. The emissions are directed to an optical element that affects the direction or divergence of the emissions. The optical element redirects the emissions toward a steering element such as a MEMS-actuated mirror, or a combination of such mirrors. The steering element directs the emissions toward the incoupler of a waveguide acting as an optical combiner. The emissions propagate through the waveguide and are extracted by an outcoupler in the direction of an observer. By scanning the direction of the beam-steering element along one or several directions, an image may be formed.

Systems and methods to improve efficiency of in-coupling electromagnetic waves, such as in a visible light wavelength range, into a waveguide system arrangement are disclosed. The waveguide system includes: a display or an illumination assembly; a waveguide substrate; a polarization volume grating or a spin-dependent bifacial metasurface as in-coupler, which efficiently couples electromagnetic waves, such as in a visible light wavelength range, into the waveguide substrate. An out-coupler can couple the electromagnetic waves, such as in a visible light wavelength range, out of the waveguide substrate.

An electronic device may include a display with a waveguide that directs image light to an eye box using an output coupler. The display may include an electrically adjustable tint layer overlapping the output coupler. The tint layer may serve to maximize contrast of images in the image light. The tint layer may include a peripheral edge seal between first and second substrates and laterally surrounding an electrochromic gel. The peripheral edge seal may protect the gel from water and oxygen. The peripheral edge seal may include one or more rings of material and / or a glass ring spacer, the substrates may include cavities, and / or the gel may include spacer beads to help minimize warpage upon curing and thus maximize flatness of the tint layer. The electrochromic gel may include first and second redox species and a third redox species configured to tune a color response of the tint layer.

A display device includes: an image projector including an image forming device and a meta-lens module and configured to output image light formed by the image forming device; and a meta-waveguide configured to transfer the image light output from the image projector, to an observer's field of view, the meta-waveguide including waveguide element configured to totally reflect light inside, an input coupler including a plurality of first nanostructures forming a first phase gradient in a first direction and configured to couple the image light from the image projector to an inside of the waveguide element, and an output coupler including a plurality of second nanostructures forming a second phase gradient in a second direction different from the first direction and configured to output the light coupled to the inside of the waveguide element by the input coupler, to an outside of the waveguide element.

Provided is an optical device having a long lifetime and high reliability. An optical device according to one embodiment comprises at least one Mach-Zehnder (MZ) modulator and a redundant semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). The redundant SOA is connected to at least one MZ modulator via a 2-input 2-output coupler. The redundant SOA includes two SOAs arranged in parallel, and the two SOAs are arranged in two waveguides connected to the 2-input 2-output coupler, respectively. The redundant SOA is configured to switch the two SOAs to amplify light modulated by the at least one MZ modulator or light obtained before modulation.

The invention relates to a nanosecond fiber laser and method for high-order chaotic pulses. A fiber ring cavity of the laser comprises a wavelength division multiplexer, an erbium-doped fiber, a first polarization controller, an analyzer, a second polarization controller, an output coupler, a dispersion control unit, a fiber isolator and a band-pass filter which are connected in sequence. The method comprises the steps that pumping continuous light is coupled into the laser through the wavelength division multiplexer; pumping continuous light is absorbed by using an erbium-doped optical fiber and is stimulated to radiate a long-wave-band gain pulse; under the combined action of the first polarization controller, the polarization analyzer and the second polarization controller, an equivalent saturable absorption effect is generated by utilizing nonlinear polarization rotation generated when gain pulses are propagated in an optical fiber, and large anomalous dispersion is introduced to realize generation of nanosecond pulses; through the band-pass filter, nanosecond pulses are allowed to be generated, and meanwhile, the nonlinear increasing speed of propagation and accumulation of the nanosecond pulses in the cavity is controlled, so that order-by-order generation of high-order chaotic pulses is realized. According to the invention, reliable output of high-order chaotic pulses can be realized.

The present invention concerns a viewing apparatus comprising:a first optical line comprising:a projecting system adapted to project a light signal on a first area of the retina of an eye of a wearer of the viewing apparatus,a light signal generator generating the light signal to be projected, anda waveguide comprising an input coupler and an exit coupler, the waveguide being adapted to convey light from the input couple to the exit coupler, and optionally a second optical line comprising an optical system adapted to project a light signal of the environment on a second area of the retina of the eye of the wearer, the optical system comprising a part of the waveguide.