144 results about "Relative shift" patented technology

An image sensing apparatus including: an image sensor including a plurality of focus detection pixel pairs that perform photoelectric conversion on each pair of light beams that have passed through different regions of a photographing lens and output an image signal pair; a flash memory that stores shift information on relative shift between an optical axis of the photographing lens and a central axis of the focus detection pixel pairs; a correction unit that corrects a signal level of the image signal pair based on the shift information and exit pupil information of the photographing lens so as to compensate for an unbalanced amount of light that enters each of the focus detection pixel pairs; and a focus detection unit that detects a focus of the photographing lens using the image signal pair corrected by the correction unit.

A method and apparatus for performing refractive index, birefringence and optical activity measurements of a material such as a solid, liquid, gas or thin film is disclosed. The method and apparatus can also be used to measure the properties of a reflecting surface. The disclosed apparatus has an optical ring-resonator in the form of a fiber-loop resonator, or a race-track resonator, or any waveguide-ring or other structure with a closed optical path that constitutes a cavity. A sample is introduced into the optical path of the resonator such that the light in the resonator is transmitted through the sample and relative and/or absolute shifts of the resonance frequencies or changes of the characteristics of the transmission spectrum are observed. A change in the transfer characteristics of the resonant ring, such as a shift of the resonance frequency, is related to a sample's refractive index (refractive indices) and/or change thereof. In the case of birefringence measurements, rings that have modes with two (quasi)-orthogonal (linear or circular) polarization states are used to observe the relative shifts of the resonance frequencies. A reflecting surface may be introduced in a ring resonator. The reflecting surface can be raster-scanned for the purpose of height-profiling surface features. A surface plasmon resonance may be excited and phase changes of resonant light due to binding of analytes to the reflecting surface can be determined in the frequency domain.

An electrostatic comb drive suitable for micro-electro-mechanical systems ("MEMS") application uses shaped fingers to achieve bi-directional actuation from a uni-polar actuation pulse. The finger shape also provides auto-braking of the movable member of the drive using a simple actuating pulse. In a further embodiment, an end stop inhibits overshoot and a back spring pushes the movable portion of the device back toward an operating position. In yet a further embodiment, a Vernier scale is provided on the movable portion of the drive relative to the fixed portion of the drive to indicate relative shift of these portions after the device is fabricated.

The invention concerns methods for the wavelength calibration of spectrometers and in particular secondary spectrometers which achieve considerably better calibration accuracies than the conventional peak search methods especially for spectrometers with a relatively large bandwidth. The methods according to the invention are based on the principle of a stepwise relative shift of corresponding measured-value blocks of a model and calibration spectrum where a correlation value is calculated for each shift step. A shift value is determined for each measured-value block at which the correlation value reaches an optimum. A value pair consisting of a position marker of the measured-value block and the associated shift value is determined for each measured-value block. These value pairs represent the design points for fitting to a suitable assignment function. The coefficients obtained in this manner can be used directly as coefficients of a wavelength assignment or be combined with the coefficients of an existing first wavelength assignment in that they for example replace these coefficients or are offset against the coefficients of an existing first wavelength assignment.

An electro-chemical sensor is described having two molecular redox systems one being sensitive the other insensitive to the species to be detected and both being covalently bound to a polymer and having a detector to detect relative shifts in the voltammograms of the two redox systems.

A method constructs a family of low-density-parity-check (LDPC) codes. The method includes identifying a code rate for an LDPC code in the family, identifying a protograph for the LDPC code, and constructing a base matrix for the LDPC code. The base matrix is constructed by replacing each zero in the protograph with a ‘−1’, selecting a corresponding value for an absolute shift for each one in the protograph based on constraining a number of relative shifts per column of the LDPC code to one and increasing a size of a smallest cycle in a graph of the LDPC code, and replacing each one in the protograph with the corresponding value.

Performing high-resolution determination of the relative shift of the spectral properties of a biosensor. The shift in the resonance peak of the biosensor is indicative of the amount of material bound to the surface of the biosensor. A preferred biosensor is a Guided Mode Resonant Filter Biosensor (GMRFB). In one aspect of the invention, curve fitting is used to determine the relative location of the spectrum of the unexposed biosensor with respect to those spectra that are altered (e.g., shifted) by the presence of materials bound to the surface of the biosensor. In an alternative embodiment, the cross correlation function is used to detect spectral peak offsets between a reference spectrum and a spectrum measured from an exposed biosensor. In yet another alternative, maximal likelihood estimation techniques are used to determine the spectral shift or offs.

A method is described for determining lens aberrations using a test reticle and a standard metrology tool. The method provides test patterns, preferably in the form of standard overlay metrology test patterns, that include blazed gratings having orientation and pitch selected to sample desired portions of the lens pupil. The method measures relative shifts in the imaged test patterns using standard metrology tools to provide both magnitude and sign of the aberrations. The metrology tools need not be modified if standard test patterns are used, but can be adapted to obtain additional information. The test reticles may be formed with multiple test patterns having a range of orientations and pitch in order to compute any desired order of lens aberration. Alternatively, single test patterns may be used to determine both the magnitude and sign of lower order lens aberrations, such as defocus or coma.

Structured light approaches utilize a laser to project features, which are then captured with a camera. By knowing the disparity between the laser emitter and the camera, the system can triangulate to find the range. Four, 185 degree field-of-view cameras provide overlapping views over nearly the whole unit sphere. The cameras are separated from each other to provide parallax. A near-infrared laser projection unit sends light out into the environment, which is reflected and viewed by the cameras. The laser projection system will create vertical lines, while the cameras will be displaced from each other horizontally. This relative shift of the lines, as viewed by different cameras, enables the lines to be triangulated in 3D space. At each point in time, a vertical stripe of the world will be triangulated. Over time, the laser line will be rotated over all yaw angles to provide full a 360 degree range.

The invention relates to an automatic focusing method for an electric adjustable liquid lens. According to the method, a target image is obtained through an image sensor; pretreatment is carried out on the image to eliminate the effects on the focusing process caused by light and noise; after a user selects a focusing region, a tracking unit tracks the focusing region and calculates a definition value of the region to feed back to a focusing control unit; and the focusing control unit carries out judgment according to the change condition of the definition value and drives the liquid lens to change the focus distance to finish focusing through an electric adjustable liquid lens driver. An optical component does not need to relatively displace when focusing, so that the focusing speed is high; and the effects of compact structure and long service lifetime of an automatic focusing system can be achieved.

The image pickup apparatus includes an image sensor photoelectrically converting paired object images formed by light fluxes from mutually different pupil areas of an image capturing optical system, a signal producing part producing, by using output from each of plural pixel lines in a focus detection area in the image sensor, paired image signals corresponding to the paired object images for each pixel line, a calculating part calculating a defocus amount by using the paired image signals produced for each pixel line. The calculating part shifts the paired image signals relatively, produce first correlation data showing change of a correlation value of the paired image signals according to their relative shift amount, adds the first correlation data produced for the respective plural pixel lines to produce second correlation data, and calculates the defocus amount from the second correlation data.

The invention pertains to the technical field of wireless and mobile communication technology and relates to a fusion and coexistence method of two time division duplex systems which share a spectrum resource, which comprises the steps that: time lengths of downlink transmission and uplink transmission of the two time division duplex systems as well as a relative shift between transmission frames of two systems are configured to align a guard space position converting from the downlink transmission to the uplink transmission and a guard space position converting from uplink transmission to the downlink transmission; if the two guard space positions can not be aligned, a time frequency resource is adopted to be reserved so as to guarantee that the sending of each system and the receiving of the other system are asynchronously processed; the two systems mutually reserve the time frequency resource for each other to ensure that the time frequency resource which is occupied by each system in a physical channel with a fixed position in the frame thereof, is not used by the other system; other time frequency resources are distributed in a dynamical, qua static, or static way between the two systems according to self-characteristics of two systems, load requirements and degree of coupling between the two systems. The fusion and coexistence method of two time division duplex systems provided by the invention can ensure better overall performances.

The invention relates to a device for determining in the frequency domain the correlation between a code modulated signal and a replica code sequence in parallel for various relative shifts between the code modulated signal and the replica code sequence. The device comprises a common memory arranged for storing in sequence different intermediate results in determining the correlation. The intermediate results including at least samples resulting at various stages of a time to frequency transform used for transforming samples of the code modulated signal into the frequency domain and samples resulting at various stages of a frequency to time transform used for transforming obtained correlation results into the time domain. The invention relates equally to a corresponding system, to a corresponding method and to a corresponding software program product.

The invention discloses a writing and triggering device of an electronic pen. The device comprises a pen shell and a pen tip; the device is characterized by further comprising a capacitor movable pole, a capacitor fixed pole, a flexible element, a capacitance value measuring circuit, a data processing circuit and a wireless transmitting circuit; the capacitor movable pole is arranged at the front end of the pen shell and can move vertically; the capacitor fixed pole is fixed in the pen shell and cannot move freely; one end of the flexible element is fixed at the capacitor movable pole, and the other end of the flexible element is fixed at the capacitor fixed pole or on a part with a phase displacement change with the pen shell; the capacitance value measuring circuit and a capacitance fixing circuit are formed into a capacitor body, and two poles of the capacitor body are respectively connected with a capacitance input end of the capacitance value measuring circuit; the digital processing circuit is connected with the capacitance value measuring circuit and used for reading the capacitance numerical value from the capacitance value measuring circuit; and the wireless transmitting circuit is connected with the data processing circuit and used for transmitting the pen tip touch data. The device provided by the invention can independently finish mechanical contact writing and triggering in a writing pen and can detect the wiring pressure size.

The digital pen of the present invention includes one refill with path tracing assembly, which detects the shift of the nib in some direction through a light signal; and one pressure sensing assemblyconnected with the refill to detect the relative shift of the refill applied by some pressure to the digital pen and to convert the pressure into electric signal. The digital pen may be used in tracing hand writing input path and sensing hand's pressure.

The present invention provides a mask inspection apparatus and method capable of inspecting masks used in double patterning with satisfactory accuracy.

Optical images of two masks are acquired (S100). The acquired optical images of the two masks are combined together (S102). Relative positional displacement amounts of patterns of the first mask and patterns of the second mask are measured at the combined image (S104). The measured relative positional displacement amounts are compared with standard values to thereby determine whether the two masks are good (S106).

A pressure-type control method with shift monitor for the hydraulic forming machine using powder as raw material is disclosed. A shift sensor is used to monitor the relative shift between upper and lower moulds. The shift value is used as the feedback parameter of closed-loop hydraulic control system. When the relative shift value is correspondent with the predefined thickness variation of powder, it is determined that the powder has been pressed by a predefined pressure, so performing a closed-loop control.

An information recording device is used for recording record information in an information recording medium at least including a first recording layer capable of forming a first recording area and a second recording layer capable of forming a second recording area. The information recording device includes: write elements; acquisition elements for acquiring offset information indicating a relative shift; calculation elements for calculating an address (“Y′=Inv Y−α”) indicating a second boundary point opposing to a first boundary point according to the offset information; and control elements for controlling the write elements so as to write record information (i) while making the first boundary point a recording end or start position and (ii) making the second boundary point indicated by the calculated address a recording start or end position.

The invention refers to a kind of laser collimating device, especially refers to a kind of shift collimating measuring device for two hole axle measuring states. The character of the device lies in: it is made up of transmitter, receiver and measuring bracket. The transmitter and the receiver are set on the L type bottom bracket of itself measuring bracket, and the light axis is parallel to the base of the L type bottom bracket, and they rotates synchronously, the light source of the transmitter, the small hole of the light blocking board and the lens are on the same light axis in order, the two-dimension position optical measuring device of the receiver and the lends are on the same light axis. The two-dimension optical measuring device of the receiver is connected to the computer through a signal wire; the computer has a two-dimension coordinate displaying frame of off-set position of light spot. The invention can measure the relative shift between two holes or two axles, and it also can measure the off-set angle.

A vehicle pedal assembly support structure comprises: a bracket to which a pivot shaft for a pedal lever is mounted; a guide member fixed to a vehicle body member other than a dash panel; a fixing mechanism for normally fixing a rear end portion of the bracket to a front end portion of the guide member but disengaging the bracket from the guide member in a vehicle collision; and a relative shift restricting member for restraining the rear end portion of the bracket from relatively shifting in directions other than the rearward direction of the vehicle to the front end portion of the guide member. The guide member is provided with a guide surface for downwardly guiding the bracket moving backward in the vehicle collision to change the posture of the bracket.

A bar on-line counting method and a device is suitable for counting the being transported bars. A camera device collects the end images of site bars to process the images, identifies modes and picks up the central coordinates of all bars in the picture, continuously compares the central coordinates of each bar in the image and utilizes relative shift volumes to carry out statistics of alignment and fault tolerance degree of belief one by one to measure numbers of the bars to increase the accuracy of bar counting in transportation and overcome the influence resulted in stacking multiple bars.

The invention relates to a tissue displacement estimation method and system based on ultrasonic echo radio frequency signals. The method includes a converting step, namely converting the entire-frame ultrasonic echo radio frequency signals into analytic signals; a segmenting step, namely segmenting the entire-frame analytic signals according to the preset window length and acquiring segmented window data segments; a product summary step, namely performing once no-offset product summary on the segmented window data segments corresponding to two adjacent frames and acquiring a target plurality; a phase calculating step, namely calculating the phase of the target plurality; and a corresponding displacement estimating step, namely utilizing the phase to calculate and acquire corresponding displacement between two frame signals. According to the tissue displacement estimation method based on the ultrasonic echo radio frequency signals, the entire-frame ultrasonic echo radio frequency signals are converted into the analytic signals once, calculating speed is increased greatly, the corresponding displacement between two frame signals can be acquired through once product summary, calculating amount is reduced, calculating efficiency is improved, and complexity is low.