The invention discloses a method for measuring the pressure intensity of an excitable gas (diatomic or polyatomic molecular gases, such as natural gas, carbon dioxide, chlorine) pressure vessel. The method comprises the following steps: placing two ultrasonic probes with frequencies f1 and f2 and a thermocouple in the gas pressure vessel, and obtaining the measurement values of acoustic absorptioncoefficients alpha(f1) and alpha(f2) on two selected frequency points f1 and f2 and measurement values of sound speeds c(f1) and c(f2) through the two ultrasonic probes, wherein the measurement values are used for the synthesis of the acoustic relaxation frequency fm of the gas; measuring the current gas temperature measured through the thermocouple, measuring the gas reference acoustic relaxation frequency f0 when the current gas temperature is measured to be 1 standard atmospheric pressure (i.e., 1 atm = 101.325 kPa) in a manner of table look-up; and obtaining the pressure intensity of thegas vessel through the synthesized acoustic relaxation frequency fm and the reference acoustic relaxation frequency f0. The method is advantageous in online detection, lossless detection, quick response, miniature low power consumption, simple composition, stable long-time operation, and high measurement precision.