32 results about "Polyelectrolyte brushes" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for preparing a nanometer spherical polyelectrolyte brush with a magnetic kernel. The whole preparation process is completed by four steps as follows: firstly, preparing ferroferric oxide nanometer magnetic nanoparticles under an alkali condition by a coprecipitation method; secondly, dispersing the magnetic nanoparticles in a styrene monomer, and obtaining polystyrene (PS) microspheres with particle diameter of between 100 and 250 nm by miniemulsion polymerization; thirdly, adding a photoinitiator in the end stage of the miniemulsion polymerization to ensure that the photoinitiator can be coated on the surface of the PS microspheres by chemical bonds to form a photoinitiator layer; and fourthly, adding an electrolyte monomer, and initiating polymerization by illumination of an ultraviolet lamp to obtain the nanometer spherical polyelectrolyte brush with the magnetic kernel, which has the particle diameter of between 180 and 350 nm. The nanometer spherical polyelectrolyte brush with the magnetic kernel can realize quick reclamation and recycle by a magnetic field after the nanometer spherical polyelectrolyte brush is adsorbed on a noble metal ion and subjected to wastewater treatment, and also can be used in targeted dosage treatment under the navigation of the magnetic field.

The invention relates to a novel method for preparing a nano spherical polyelectrolyte brush by utilizing a thermal initiator and application thereof. Firstly, styrene and other substances are used as a monomer, and are subjected to oxidation reduction emulsion polymerization at normal temperature to obtain a micro milk globule of polystyrene(PS) with the grain diameter of between 50 and 90 millimeters; secondly, at the final stage of the polyreaction, an azo thermal initiator is added, because a C=C double bond of the end group of the thermal initiator and a surface residual monomer of the micro milk globule are subjected to copolymerization, the thermal initiator is fixed on the surface of the micro milk globule through the covalent bond; and finally, an electrolyte monomer such as acrylic acid, sodium styrene sulfonate and the like is added to initiate the polymerization at certain temperature, and the nano spherical polyelectrolyte brush with the grain diameter of between 100 and 200 millimeters is prepared. The polyelectrolyte brush can be widely applied to fields such as the removal of harmful metallic ions in water, the recovery of precious metal ions, the preparation of nano metal composite catalysts and biological enzyme reactor, the medical diagnosis.

The invention relates to an azo thermal initiator for use in preparation of a nano-sized spherical polyelectrolyte brush, a synthesis method and an application thereof. Firstly, azodiiso-alkylnitrile and diol are taken as raw materials to synthesize an intermediate azodiisoacid diol ester; and then the intermediate reacts with alkyl acrylyl chloride to obtain the novel azo thermal initiator with a C=C double bond as a terminal group. A novel azo thermal initiator both ends of which contain C=C double bonds can be obtained through the separation by a certain method. The thermal initiator can initiate the in-situ polymerization of monomers such as acrylic acid, 4-ethenyl-benzenesulfonic acid sodium salt and so on, on the surfaces of polystyrene milk globules to prepare the nano-sized spherical polyelectrolyte brush with controllable polyelectrolyte length and grafting density.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a nano cationic spherical polyelectrolyte brush. The method sequentially comprises the following steps of: 1, preparing monodisperse nano silicon dioxide microspheres; 2, preparing silicon dioxide microspheres of which the surfaces are provided with unsaturated double bonds; and 3, preparing the nano cationic spherical polyelectrolyte brush by adopting a dispersion polymerization method. The method is simple and easy to operate, the process is easy to control and the method is suitable for industrial production; and the cationic spherical polyelectrolyte brush prepared by the method has the grafting ratio of 2.4-17.9 percent, the weight-average molecular weight of 3.23*10<2>-7.173*10<4>g/mol and the grafting density of 3.345*10<-7>-5.54*10<-4>mol/g. The product prepared by the method has high grafting density.

The invention discloses a method for fixing egg white by utilizing polyelectrolyte. According to the method, a polyelectrolyte brush with a 3D structure is adopted to serve as a carrier, the polyelectrolyte brush can adsorb a large amount of egg white under the condition benefiting the egg white physical adsorption of the polyelectrolyte brush, and then the egg white is stably bonded to the polyelectrolyte brush carrier through chemical bonds in a coupling chemistry mode. By means of the method, the combining quantity of the egg white is greatly improved, the purpose of stably combining the egg white through the polyelectrolyte brush is achieved, and the method can be effectively and efficiently applied to various downstream biotechnologies.

The invention discloses an ionic ball polyelectrolyte brush employing a micro-nano carbon sphere as a kernel and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of a nano composite material. The kernel of the ionic ball polyelectrolyte brush is the micro-nano carbon sphere, and an outer brush is an ionic monomer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: loading synthetic azo acyl chloride on the surface of the micro-nano carbon sphere, and synthesizing the ionic ball polyelectrolyte brush employing the micro-nano carbon sphere as the kernel by free radical polymerization. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and feasible. The product prepared by the method takes the micro-nano carbon sphere as the kernel, and is novel in structure, green and environment-friendly, low in cost, and different molecular weights and different grafting densities of ionic ball polyelectrolyte brushes can be prepared by controlling the reaction time and the density of the monomer. The product can be used as a conductive polymer dopant, a morphology control agent, a deflocculating agent, a papermaking wet-end additive and the like.

The invention relates a magnetic particles preparation method by using nanometer spherical polyelectrolyte brush as micro-reactor, comprising the following four steps: step 1, obtaining 80-200nm of polymer microspheres by miniemulsion polymerization method; step 2, adding a photoinitiator in the final phase of miniemulsion polymerization to coat the surface of polymer microspheres and form a photoinitiator layer; step 3, initiating polyelectrolyte monomer polymerization with a ultraviolet lamp in a light reactor to obtain 100-350nm of spherical polyelectrolyte brush; step 4, adding ferrous salt and ferric salt in the spherical polyelectrolyte brush emulsion system to react in situ and prepare magnetic particles under the action of coprecipitator and finally obtaining 3-5nm of magnetic nanoparticles evenly distributed inside the spherical polyelectrolyte brush. The nanometer magnetic composite microspheres can have wide application in the fields of high effective catalyst, water purification, biomedicine and the like.

The invention discloses a method for preparing nano nickel by taking a nano spherical polyelectrolyte brush as a microreactor and an application of the nano nickel. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing polymer microspheres with the particle size of 80-140nm by adopting emulsion polymerization initiated by an oxidation-reduction system; adding a photoinitiator in the terminal stage of the emulsion polymerization, coating the photoinitiator on the surfaces of the polymer microspheres to form a photoinitiator layer, then utilizing an ultraviolet lamp to initiate polyelectrolytemonomers to be polymerized so as to obtain a spherical electrolyte brush with the particle size of 10-400nm; then adding sodium hydroxide to dissociate carboxyl on an electrolyte chain; treating the dissociated spherical polyelectrolyte brush by use of a nickel chloride aqueous solution, thus nickel ions exchange sodium ions and enters into the polyelectrolyte brush; and adding sodium borohydrideto reduce the nickel ions into nano nickel in situ, thus finally obtaining controllable nano nickel which are uniformly distributed inside the nano spherical polyelectrolyte brush and have the particle size of 1-14nm. The nano nickel loaded on the spherical polyelectrolyte brush is an ideal efficient nano catalyst.

The invention discloses a method for preparing nano zinc oxide by taking a nano spherical polyelectrolyte brush as a microreactor and an application of the nano zinc oxide. The method comprises the following steps of: with 100-140nm polymeric microspheres as raw materials, initiating graft polymerization of monomers on the surfaces of the polymeric microspheres by adopting a thermal-control emulsion polymerization method to obtain a spherical polyelectrolyte brush with the particle diameter of 140-300nm; after adding a divalent zinc salt water solution, making divalent zinc ions enter into the polyelectrolyte brush under the electrostatic interaction, and carrying out in-situ reaction under the action of a precipitant to obtain nano zinc oxide particles uniformly distributed inside the nano spherical polyelectrolyte brush; and calcining the nano spherical polyelectrolyte brush system loaded with the zinc oxide particles to remove the polyelectrolyte brush to obtain the nano-scale pure zinc oxide particles. The nano zinc oxide particles which are synthesized by taking the spherical polyelectrolyte brush as the microreactor are smaller in particle diameter and uniform to distribute, are an ideal high-efficient nano photocatalyst and can be widely applied in the field of water purification and the like.

The invention relates to a novel method for preparing a nano spherical polyelectrolyte brush. The method can be used for preparing the spherical polyelectrolyte brush with the particle size of 200 to 600 nanometers by using polybutadiene emulsion particles with the particle sizes of 110 to 320 nanometers as cores and utilizing rich double bonds on the surfaces of the polybutadiene emulsion particles through carrying out copolymerization on the polybutadiene emulsion particles and added electrolyte monomers such as acrylic acid, sodium styrene sulfonate and the like under the initiation of an initiator. The polyelectrolyte brush can be applied to the fields of concentration and adsorption of metal ions with positive electricity and counter ions with negative electricity in water, preparation of nano metal particles by the in-situ reduction reaction, immobilization of a biological enzyme, separation of proteins and the like.

The invention relates to a spherical polyelectrolyte brush loaded organic conductive composite micro-nano particle and a preparation method thereof. The composite micro-nano particle is composited by a spherical polyelectrolyte brush and an aniline-pyrrole copolymerization conductive polymer. The preparation method comprises the steps of introducing the nano-spherical polyelectrolyte brush into a composite polymeric system, and obtaining the spherical polyelectrolyte brush loaded organic conductive composite micro-nano particle by an in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. The preparation method is simple and convenient in operational course; the prepared spherical polyelectrolyte brush loaded organic conductive composite micro-nano particle has the characteristics of high conductivity, controllable particle size and good processing property; the conductive composite micro-nano material with the excellent conductivity can be obtained by controlling a molecular structure of the added spherical polyelectrolyte brush and polymerization reaction condition parameters; and the operational course is simple and convenient.

The invention discloses a method for preparing an ordered ion conductor based on a polyelectrolyte brush. The method includes the following steps that 1, an ordered ion conductor substrate material is prepared, wherein a highly-ordered double-through type titanium dioxide nano tube array is prepared through a two-time anodizing method; 2, a functional azo type initiator is anchored; and 3, the polyelectrolyte brush is grafted, wherein tubes in the titanium dioxide nano tube array are filled with monomer electrolytes through vacuum negative pressure, and free radical polymerization is conducted on the anchored initiator through in-situ initiation; and post-processing is conducted on a product obtained after a reaction, and a final product is obtained. The polyelectrolyte brush in the ion conductor is high in grafting density and of a one-dimensional ordered structure and performs higher ionic conduction efficiency.

The invention relates to a micro-fluidic chip for inhibiting electroosmotic flows through grafting a polyelectrolyte brush on the surface of a micro-channel, belonging to the field of microfluidics. The micro-fluidic chip comprises a sample feeding pool, an inlet channel, a slit channel, an outlet channel and a waste liquid pool which are sequentially communicated, wherein a polyelectrolyte brush with cations is grafted on the channel surface of the inside of the slit channel, and an uniform electric field is applied parallel to the direction of the channel so as to drive fluid to flow. Under the action of the uniform electric field, the polyelectrolyte brush grafted on the surface of the micro-channel extends along the direction of the electric field, and the fluid in the micro-channel is under the action of the viscous friction and electrostatic attraction of the polyelectrolyte brush, so that surface charges in the channel are balanced, reduced or inhibited; and due to the attraction action among solvent particles and the polyelectrolyte brush, the solvent particles are impregnated into a polyelectrolyte brush layer, thereby achieving the purpose of inhibiting electroosmotic flows. The micro-fluidic chip disclosed by the invention can improve the separation precision of proteins and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules, and has the advantages of wide applicability, strong controllability and the like.