459 results about "Styrene Monomer" patented technology

The invention relates to the field of textile materials, and particularly discloses a graphene enhanced polyester yarn and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that silicon dioxide aerogel serves as a porous carrier to be loaded with graphene, and a graphene-porous carrier composite material is prepared; the graphene-porous carrier composite material is subjected to modification treatment through vinyl trimethoxy silane and 3-amino propyl triethoxy silane, and then a modified graphene composite material is prepared; reacting the modified graphene composite material, a styrene monomer, an acrylate monomer and an initiator to prepare modified graphene; mixing the prepared modified graphene with polyester chips, and then carrying out melt spinning to prepare graphene enhanced polyester yarns; the invention further discloses the graphene enhanced polyester yarn prepared by adopting the preparation method. The preparation method has the characteristics that the dispersion of the graphene in the polyester is improved, and the direct interface compatibility of the graphene and the polyester fiber is improved, so that the mechanical property of the polyester yarn is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of acrylic resin, and discloses green, environment-friendly and high-temperature-resistant acrylic resin for printing ink and a preparation method of the acrylic resin. The acrylic resin for the green, environment-friendly and high-temperature-resistant ink is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of vinyl monomer, 3 to 8 parts of triazinyl styrene monomer, 0.7 to 0.8 part of initiator and 0.5 to 3 parts of zinc salt, a styrene hard monomer structure and a triazine ring are introduced into an acrylic resin molecular chain, so that the pencil hardness, the mechanical property and the high temperature resistance of a paint film are improved. The triazinyl styrene monomer contains an o-hydroxyl Schiff base triazine structure, and has a strong coordination chelation effect with zinc ions, so that the zinc ions can be adsorbed in an acrylic resin molecular chain and are not easy to wash and remove, and a paint film is endowed with excellent antibacterial performance. The obtained acrylic resin has good practical application in the aspect of high-temperature-resistant and antibacterial ink.

The invention discloses a porous lithium metatitanate type lithium ion sieve and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of new materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing lithium metatitanate powder by taking titanium dioxide and lithium carbonate as raw materials through a solid-phase method; carrying out surface hydrophobic modification treatment on the lithium metatitanate powder by adopting a silane coupling agent to obtain modified lithium metatitanate powder; the preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking a water solution containing gelatin and a dispersing agent as a water phase and a mixed solution containing a styrene monomer, a divinylbenzene cross-linking agent, an initiator and a pore-forming agent as an oil phase, carrying out suspension polymerization to obtain composite particles; the composite particles are firstly eluted to remove the pore-forming agent, and then are subjected to acidification transformation, so that the lithium ion sieve with high mechanical strength, uniform particle size distribution, stable structure, good recycling effect and stable adsorption capacity is obtained, the use capability of the lithium ion sieve in the industrial application process is effectively improved, and the service life of the lithium ion sieve is prolonged. The technical problems that a powdery lithium ion sieve is high in solution loss, difficult to filter and the like are solved.

The invention provides an adsorbent capable of simultaneously adsorbing bilirubin and cytokines and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out suspension polymerization reaction on a styrene monomer and a polyvinyl cross-linking agent in a dispersion medium under the action of a continuous multi-component pore-foaming agent and an initiator to prepare polystyrene-based macroporous resin; carrying out chloromethylation reaction on the polystyrene-based macroporous resin to prepare chlorine balls; carrying out post-crosslinking reaction on the chloromethylated beads to prepare the adsorbent capable of adsorbing bilirubin and cytokines at the same time; the continuous multi-component pore-foaming agent comprises a first pore-foaming agent, a second pore-foaming agent and a third pore-foaming agent of which the solubility parameters are gradually increased in sequence; the temperature of the suspension polymerization reaction is adjusted according to the mass fraction of the polyvinyl cross-linking agent in the monomer mixture and the solubility parameter of the continuous multi-component pore-foaming agent, and the monomer mixture is composed of styrene monomers and the polyvinyl cross-linking agent. The bilirubin and cell factors can be adsorbed at the same time, and the safety of blood purification is improved.

The present application relates to the field of expandable polystyrene, and specifically discloses a polystyrene cleaning material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the polystyrene cleaning material comprises the following steps: S1, crushing, melting, extruding and granulating the recycled foamed polystyrene after cleaning to obtain polystyrene particles; S2, mixing the polystyrene particles with styrene, a dispersant, an emulsifier, a filler, and a flame retardant, stirring evenly, and preparing a blend; S3, mixing the blend with toluene, phosphate, and water, polymerizing for 4-5 hours, adding a foaming agent and water, and keeping the temperature and pressure for 4-5 hours after immersion and foaming, cooling, discharging, washing, centrifuging, drying, and mixing with a coating agent. The polystyrene cleaning material of the present application has the advantages of less residual styrene monomer, high mechanical strength, and not easy to generate friction noise; in addition, the preparation method of the present application has the advantages of no need to crack the recycled polystyrene into styrene monomer for reuse, simple preparation method, and low energy consumption.

The invention relates to the technical field of production of expandable polystyrene (EPS) beads, and discloses a production process of EPS beads, which comprises the following steps: preparing styrene monomer, deionized water, foaming agent, initiator, dispersing agent and stabilizer raw materials, accurately weighing various raw materials according to the production process and product requirements, and uniformly mixing according to a certain ratio to obtain the EPS beads. The preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially adding the prepared raw materials into a reaction kettle, firstly adding deionized water, then quantitatively adding a styrene monomer, starting a stirrer, then sequentially adding auxiliaries such as an initiator, a dispersing agent and a stabilizer, and continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to carry out polymerization reaction. According to the present invention, the modern expandable polystyrene bead production process mostly adopts the automatic production line, the continuous and stable production can be achieved, the production efficiency is improved, the styrene monomer, the initiator and the foaming agent are simultaneously added into the reaction kettle in the new preparation production process, the production process is simplified, the production links are reduced, and the production cost is reduced. Therefore, the production efficiency is further improved.

The invention provides primary amino modified solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: in a polymerization system, initiating polymerization of a butadiene monomer and a styrene monomer by taking n-butyllithium as an initiator and tetrahydrofuran as a polymerization activator to obtain a styrene butadiene rubber active chain; adding a diisocyanate compound into the polymerization system to terminate polymerization, and introducing an isocyanate group to the end part of a styrene butadiene rubber active chain to obtain a styrene butadiene rubber solution; and adding a terminator into the styrene-butadiene rubber solution, stirring, separating out precipitate, and drying to obtain the primary amino modified solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber. The primary amino modified solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber is prepared by the preparation method, has high polarity and strong binding force with silicon dioxide filler, promotes generation of a more stable filler-polymer network with a more perfect structure, and remarkably improves the dynamic performance of a rubber material.

The invention belongs to the field of environmental analytical chemistry, and provides a method for preparing micro / nano plastic based on stable isotope labeling and application of the micro / nano plastic. Specifically, an initiator, a pH buffer solution, ultrapure water, an emulsifier and a deuterated styrene monomer are mixed and emulsified through an emulsion polymerization method, a polymerization reaction is performed after emulsification, and then the deuterated polystyrene microspheres are obtained through cleaning and drying. According to the method, high sensitivity, high accuracy and safety of deuterium labeling are utilized, and a new research thought is provided for deeply researching the migration and transformation rule of the micro / nano plastic in the environment and long-term influence of the micro / nano plastic on organisms. The method is expected to promote the wide application of a hydrogen stable isotope labeling quantitative technology in the field of environmental science, and provides a scientific basis for evaluating the influence of the micro / nano plastic on the ecological environment and human health.

This invention provides an environmentally friendly expandable polystyrene bead and its preparation process, belonging to the field of foaming material technology. The preparation process includes the following steps: S1, injecting 65.28g of deionized water into a reaction vessel, stirring, adding 0.13g of dispersant and 0.16g of composite stabilizer, dispersing for 20min, then adding 31.95g of styrene monomer and 0.3g of composite initiator, followed by the addition of pentane and SiO2 micelle composite to obtain a base solution; wherein the mass ratio of pentane to SiO2 micelle composite is 1:(0.2-0.3); the mass of pentane is 3.1%-3.2% of the mass of the base solution; S2, subjecting the base solution to stepwise heating at 86℃-140℃ with stirring, then stopping heating, continuing stirring, and allowing it to cool naturally to 40℃, then stopping stirring, with a total reaction time of 8.5-9.5h to obtain the reaction product; S3, discharging the material, washing the reaction product with warm water, filtering, and obtaining the environmentally friendly expandable polystyrene beads. This invention improves the average particle size of expandable polystyrene beads while reducing fine powder.

The invention provides a continuous production method and device for long-chain alkyl phenyl modified silicone oil with accurate and controllable viscosity. The continuous production method of the long-chain alkyl phenyl modified silicone oil is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, reacting hydrogen-containing silicone oil and a styrene monomer in a microchannel reactor to obtain a first reactant; and step 2, further reacting the first reactant with long-chain carbene in a dynamic tubular reactor to obtain the long-chain alkyl phenyl modified silicone oil.

The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer synthetic materials, and particularly relates to bio-based MS resin and a preparation method thereof. The bio-based MS resin is a free radical copolymer of a methyl methacrylate monomer and a styrene monomer; the methyl methacrylate monomers comprise bio-based methyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate and 3-pinane methacrylate, and the methyl methacrylate monomers comprise methyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate and 3-pinane methacrylate; the styrene monomers comprise styrene and caffeic acid derivatives; based on 100% of the mass of the bio-based MS resin, the methacrylate monomer accounts for 30%; the molar ratio of caffeic acid derivatives to styrene in the styrene monomers is 1: (1-9). The synthesized bio-based MS resin has the characteristics of greenness and reproducibility, compared with petroleum-based MS resin, the performance of the MS resin can be regulated and controlled by designing a protecting group of a bio-based caffeic acid derivative so as to expand the application range of the MS resin, a specific functional group can be introduced to prepare a functional, advanced and high-performance polymer material, and the MS resin has a good market prospect.

A foam is obtained by foaming a resin composition, which comprises a hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated styrenic block copolymer of (A-B)n-OH, (B-A)n-OH, A(B-A)n-OH, or B(A-B)n-OH having a hydroxyl group at the terminal; wherein the A block comprises a styrene monomer unit and the B block comprises a conjugated diene monomer unit; wherein the hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated styrenic block copolymer comprises 10˜60% by weight of the styrene monomer unit; 40 mol % or more of the conjugated diene monomer unit is hydrogenated; and the hydrogenated styrenic block copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 30000 to about 200000; the 1,2-vinyl bond content in the conjugated diene monomer unit of the hydroxyl-terminated hydrogenated styrenic block copolymer is in the range of 5 to 60 mole % prior to hydrogenation.

The invention relates to nylon with excellent heat-conducting property and a preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of nylon materials. The nylon comprises nylon resin, a modified heat-conducting filler, a compatilizer, an antioxidant and a lubricant. The preparation method of the modified heat-conducting filler comprises the following steps: putting a mixed material into water, stirring, performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding aluminum nitrate hexahydrate, heating, purifying, and drying to obtain a composite filler; stirring and dispersing the composite filler and ethanol, adding a silane coupling agent, stirring, purifying and drying to obtain an intermediate; and stirring and mixing the intermediate and ethanol, adding styrene, a monomer and an initiator, heating and stirring, purifying, and drying to obtain the product. The nylon resin is adopted as a matrix, boron nitride, aluminum oxide and graphene nanosheets are combined and organically modified, and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene is used as a compatilizer, so that the heat-conducting property and the comprehensive mechanical property of the nylon tube are effectively improved.

The invention provides an in-chain functionalized solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber and an in-chain modification method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: in a polymerization system, initiating polymerization of a butadiene monomer and a styrene monomer by taking n-butyllithium as an initiator and tetrahydrofuran as a polymerization activator to obtain a styrene butadiene rubber active chain; adding a terminator into the polymerization system to terminate the polymerization reaction to obtain a styrene butadiene rubber solution; the method comprises the following steps: adding a thiol compound and a free radical initiator into a styrene-butadiene rubber solution, heating and stirring the styrene-butadiene rubber solution, after a modification reaction is finished, adding alcohol to separate out and precipitate the styrene-butadiene rubber, and drying to obtain the chain-functionalized solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber. The in-chain functionalized solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber is prepared by the preparation method, and the interface bonding force between the white carbon black and the styrene-butadiene rubber can be enhanced, so that the hysteresis loss of a final tire rubber product is reduced, and the tire rubber product is endowed with high wear resistance, fatigue resistance and excellent wet skid-rolling resistance balance.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a grafted polymer brush copolymer, which comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a styrene monomer, N-4-vinyl phenyl-N, N-dimethylamine, toluene and AIBN, heating, and reacting to generate a first section of polymer; and S2, mixing the first-section polymer with an acrylate monomer and an imide compound, and continuously reacting under an illumination condition to obtain the polymer brush copolymer. AIBN can be decomposed at high temperature to generate free radicals, polystyrene monomers are initiated to polymerize, and a first-section polymer is formed. The imide compound and a nitrogen-containing initiation site form a charge transfer complex under an illumination condition. The charge transfer complex can be dissociated to generate free radicals formed by nitrogen-containing initiation sites, and then the free radicals formed by the nitrogen-containing initiation sites initiate polymerization of acrylate monomers to obtain a grafted polymer brush copolymer. The preparation method is simple in reaction condition, simple and convenient to operate and suitable for industrial large-scale production.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental pollutant detection, and discloses 14C and fluorescent molecule double-labeled polystyrene nanoparticles as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the polystyrene nanoparticles have the following structural formula, * C represents 14C, the range of m is 30-100, the range of n is 10-30, and m: n = (3-10): 1. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a 14C-styrene monomer by using 14C-containing methyl triphenyl phosphine iodide as a raw material, and polymerizing the 14C-styrene monomer with N-3-butenyl-7-nitro-2, 1, 3-benzofuran-4-amine to obtain the polystyrene nanoparticles. The PS-NPs marked by the radioisotope 14C and the fluorescent molecule can be traced by means of the radioisotope, the trace amount is accurate, and the PS-NPs are irreplaceable, so that the micro-plastic can be subjected to fluorescence imaging, and the micro-plastic nano-particles can be visually and accurately positioned. # imgabs0 #

The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly discloses a production process of packaging-grade expandable polystyrene particles. Comprising the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing pure water, an emulsifier and a dispersant, adding a styrene monomer, then adding a nucleating agent, an initiator and high impact polystyrene, starting to introduce steam for heating, stopping steam when the temperature reaches 84-85 DEG C, introducing circulating cooling water when the temperature reaches 87-89 DEG C, and keeping the temperature at 90 + / -0.5 DEG C; and (2) carrying out a low-temperature granulation reaction, adding pentane after granulation is completed, carrying out a high-temperature reaction, cooling after the high-temperature reaction is completed, neutralizing calcium with hydrochloric acid, washing, spraying an antistatic agent, screening, and adding an external lubricant. The packaging-grade expandable polystyrene particles prepared by the invention have better mechanical properties, low styrene residual monomer content and low content of low volatile organic matters such as pentane, meet the requirements of Reach and ROHS certification, and reduce the influence on the environment.

The invention relates to the technical field of polystyrene resin and a preparation method thereof, in particular to yellowing-resistant polystyrene resin for an optical plate and a preparation method thereof, the yellowing-resistant polystyrene resin for the optical plate comprises specific amounts of styrene monomer, a molecular weight regulator, a slipping agent, a polymerization solvent, an antioxidant, an antioxidant auxiliary agent, a light stabilizer and an ultraviolet absorbent. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, by adding a specific amount of additives such as the antioxidant, the antioxidant adjuvant, the ultraviolet absorbent and the light stabilizer, the prepared polystyrene resin material has the characteristics of high purity, high light transmittance, low chromaticity, low residual monomer content and the like; the thermo-oxidative aging resistance and the ultraviolet aging resistance of the polystyrene resin material can be improved, the aging time of the material is delayed, the long-term yellowing resistance effect is achieved, and the polystyrene resin material is particularly suitable for manufacturing optical-grade plates.

The invention discloses a manufacturing method of an anion-cation type electric viscosity-reducing adhesive tape. The manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps: step 1, synthesizing a cationic acrylic monomer; step 2, synthesizing an anionic styrene monomer; step 3, preparing electric visbreaking functional layer glue according to products obtained in the step 1 and the step 2; step 4, preparing permanent bonding layer glue; and step 5, preparing the electric viscosity-reducing adhesive tape according to products obtained in the step 3 and the step 4. The invention further discloses an anion-cation type electric viscosity-reducing adhesive tape. The electric viscosity-reducing adhesive tape provided by the invention can avoid heat and UV viscosity reduction, and can be recycled at the same time.

The invention discloses a waterproof anti-cracking JS coating, an emulsion for the JS coating and a preparation method of the emulsion, and belongs to the field of waterproof coatings. The emulsion for the waterproof and anti-cracking JS coating comprises deionized water, n-butyl acrylate, styrene, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, acrylamide, 1-2 parts of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, a functional aid, a defoaming agent, an emulsifier, a bactericide, an initiator, an oxidant, a reducing agent, a buffering agent and a pH regulator. According to the emulsion for the waterproof and anti-cracking JS coating, the acrylate monomer and the styrene monomer are matched for use, so that the glass-transition temperature of the emulsion for the waterproof and anti-cracking JS coating is between-30 DEG C and-20 DEG C, and flexibility can be provided for the waterproof and anti-cracking JS coating containing the emulsion; the cracking risk caused by cement shrinkage in the drying and film forming process of the waterproof anti-cracking JS coating is reduced, so that the waterproof anti-cracking JS coating can play a waterproof role for a long time.

The invention discloses alkoxy amine and application of the alkoxy amine in induction of NMP (N-Methyl Pyrrolidone) polymerization of methacrylate monomers and styrene monomers. The alkoxy amine is a novel compound which is synthesized by taking benzaldehyde and isopropylamine as raw materials through three-step reaction of Schiff base reduction, oxidizing agent oxidation and free radical coupling. The obtained alkoxyamine can be used as a monomolecular initiator to effectively regulate and control controllable polymerization of methacrylate and styrene monomers under anaerobic or aerobic conditions, and the peak pattern of a gel chromatography outflow curve is symmetrical and has no obvious tailing phenomenon, so that the alkoxyamine can expand the range of nitroxide free radical polymerization regulation and control monomers, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement. The method has a good application prospect in the aspect of synthesis of functional polymer materials.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photoresist, and relates to a negative photoresist composition and application thereof. The invention provides a negative photoresist composition. The negative photoresist composition comprises a base polymer, a photoacid generator and a solvent, the base polymer is composed of first acrylic resin and second acrylic resin; the first acrylic resin comprises a first epoxy acrylate monomer, a first siloxane monomer, a first acrylate monomer and a styrene monomer; the second acrylic resin comprises a second epoxy acrylate monomer, a second siloxane monomer and a second acrylate monomer. The negative photoresist composition formed by adopting the specifically combined basic polymers has the properties of high resolution, film residue rate, elastic recovery rate and the like, and is suitable for being used as a spacer.

Disclosed is the use of a dividing-wall column in a process for co-producing propylene oxide and styrene monomer. Feed streams to a dividing-wall column comprise a bottoms product produced in recovering crude propylene oxide from an epoxidation reaction product, a hydrogenated byproduct styrene monomer production, and a light fraction of a bottoms product withdrawn from the dividing-wall column. Products from the dividing-wall column comprise an overhead product comprising ethylbenzene for recycle to an oxidation zone, an intermediate product comprising methylbenzyl alcohol and acetophenone as feed to a dehydration zone to produce styrene monomer, and a bottoms product comprising methylbenzyl alcohol and heavy materials.

The invention is suitable for the technical field of semiconductors, and provides BARC resin, a preparation method and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing a styrene monomer and an acrylic monomer in a reaction solvent to obtain a pre-polymerized solution; adding an initiator into the pre-polymerized solution, heating to boil, and carrying out free radical polymerization reaction to obtain a reaction solution; adding the reaction liquid into an electrostatic spinning device, wherein a needle yarn outlet of the electrostatic spinning device is arranged above a container filled with the washing liquid; the electrostatic spinning device is started, the reaction liquid is pushed, when liquid drops appear on the needle head, voltage is applied to the needle head, spray is formed and enters the washing liquid, small molecular substances in the spray are dissolved in the washing liquid, and large molecular substances form precipitates; and separating the precipitate to obtain the BARC resin. The molecular weight distribution of the BARC resin is narrow, the uniformity is good when an anti-reflection coating is formed, and the resolution ratio and the LWR of 193nm deep ultraviolet photoresist patterns can be effectively improved.

To provide a new polymer capable of providing a resin product having functionality.SOLUTION: There are provided: a copolymer comprising an acrylonitrile monomer unit and a styrene monomer unit, which is a copolymer having a cationic group at the end, in which the cationic group is a residue of 2,2'-azobis-(2-(1,3-dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium-2-yl))propane triflate; an additive for imparting antimicrobial properties to a resin which comprises the copolymer; a resin composition comprising the copolymer and a general-purpose resin such as ABS resin; and a resin molded body obtained by molding the resin composition.SELECTED DRAWING: None

This invention relates to a polymer polyol comprising: (a) a dispersed phase formed by polymeric particles which are the polymerization product of a polystyrene pyrolysis oil, and acrylonitrile; or alternatively, of a polystyrene pyrolysis oil, acrylonitrile, and styrene monomer; and (b) a continuous phase comprising (b1) a polyol, to compositions comprising or made from the polymer polyol, such as polyurethane (foams). The invention also relates to a process for preparing polymer polyols using pyrolysis oil of polystyrene; as well as processes for the preparation of the compositions comprising or made from the polymer polyol.

Provided herein are compositions including lipids and copolymers in the form of a nanodisc assembly. The subject copolymers include monomer units of styrene and monomer units selected from acrylic acid and an acrylic acid derivative. In certain cases, the copolymer is a copolymer of styrene and acrylic acid. Also provided herein, is an aqueous solution comprising the subject composition. Also provided herein, are methods for producing a nanodisc assembly, including incubation of a lipid and a subject copolymer. Further provided herein, are methods for solubilizing a membrane protein in an aqueous solution, wherein the method includes forming a nanodisc assembly of a lipid bilayer having one or more membrane proteins embedded therein, and a subject copolymer. Also provided are methods of solubilizing a hydrophobic constituent in an aqueous solution, including forming a nanodisc assembly of a lipid, a hydrophobic constituent, and a subject copolymer.

The invention discloses a continuous fiber reinforced modified polyphenyl ether thermoplastic composite material foam sandwich structure plate and a preparation method thereof, and the continuous fiber reinforced modified polyphenyl ether thermoplastic composite material foam sandwich structure plate is a sandwich structure composed of a continuous fiber fabric as a reinforcement, modified polyphenyl ether thermoplastic resin as a matrix and polyphenyl ether foam, the modified polyphenyl ether thermoplastic resin comprises polyphenyl ether powder, vinyl modified polyphenyl ether, a styrene monomer, a flame retardant and an auxiliary agent, the materials are uniformly mixed to be in a daub shape and then are rolled until the thickness is uniform, and the obtained mixed resin material sheet, polyphenyl ether foam and the continuous fiber fabric are sequentially paved and then are subjected to in-situ polymerization pressing under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure to obtain the composite material. According to the method, in-situ polymerization compression molding is adopted, the number of production pieces in unit time is increased under the conditions that polymerization time is not shortened and the high polymerization degree is guaranteed, the productivity is improved to a large extent, and therefore the mass production requirement is met.

Methods and fracturing fluids for fracturing a subterranean formation using in situ proppant particulates. Methods include introducing a fracturing fluid into a subterranean formation at or above a fracture gradient. The fracturing fluid includes a non-phase-transition fluid comprising at least an aqueous fluid and a surfactant; and a phase-transition fluid comprising a phase-change material selected from the group consisting of styrene monomers, methyl methacrylate monomers, or a combination of styrene monomers and methyl methacrylate monomers, an initiator, and an optional accelerator.

Provided is a method for producing regenerated foamable styrene-based resin particles, which is highly environmentally friendly, and which is used for producing regenerated foamable styrene-based resin particles in which the odor, particularly the odor derived from alkylamine, is suppressed. A method for producing regenerated foamable styrene-based resin particles having an alkylamine release amount of less than Yng / g using regenerated styrene-based resin starting material particles (a) having an alkylamine release amount of Xng / g or more (wherein X > = Y, Y < = 5, Y > = 0), (1) Regenerated styrene resin particles (A) obtained by adding a styrene monomer to a suspension containing the regenerated styrene resin starting material particles (a) and polymerizing the same are pressure-injected and impregnated with a volatile foaming agent, and water having a total concentration of specific metals in a specific range is used as feed water used in the preparation of the suspension, and the total concentration of the specific metals in the feed water is within a specific range. Alternatively, (2) the regenerated styrene-based resin raw material particles (a) are used as regenerated styrene-based resin particles (A), a volatile foaming agent is pressure-injected and impregnated in a suspension containing the regenerated styrene-based resin particles (A), and water in which the total content concentration of specific metals is within a specific range is used as feed water to be used for producing the suspension.