A
quantum polarization-based multidimensional information detection device and method belongs to the
laser radar technology field, and is used for solving the problem in the conventional target identification field that a long-distance
weak signal echo encounters a
sensitivity limit. The
quantum polarization-based multidimensional information detection device and method of the present invention is characterized in that a
synchronous control module generates a synchronous
signal to drive a
laser to generate a pulse
signal, at the same time outputs the synchronous
signal to a polarization state
encoder to carry out the horizontal, vertical,
diagonal and antidiagonal pseudorandom
pulse sequence modulation; the
laser after the modulation is carried out the collimation and beam expanding by an emission optical device to irradiate a target, and an
echo signal is radiated to a reception optical device and then is divided into four signals by three optical splitters to pass four single-
photon detectors Gm-APD respectively; a synchronous signal processor obtains an echo
pulse sequence according to the pulse signals detected by the four single-
photon detectors Gm-APD, and obtains the multidimensional information of target distance, intensity and polarization according to the echo
pulse sequence and the synchronous signal. The
quantum polarization-based multidimensional information detection device and method of the present invention is used for the detection of the laser
radar long-distance weak signals.