The invention discloses a control system of a hydraulic hammer and belongs to the field of hydraulic machinery. The control system comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a hammer rod, a hammer head, a valve pocket and a cylinder hydraulic valve element. The valve pocket is fixed to the top end of a cylinder body in a sealing manner, the cylinder hydraulic valve element is arranged in the valve pocket and the cylinder body, an annular boss is arranged in the middle portion of the cylinder hydraulic valve, the annular boss is arranged between the part from a lower step face of the valve pocket to the lower end and the top end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, a second step is arranged on the inner side wall of the upper part of the cylinder body, and the cylinder hydraulic valve element is arranged between the valve pocket and the second step of the cylinder body in a sliding fit manner. An inner end piston of the hammer rod is arranged in the cylinder hydraulic valve element and the cylinder body in a sliding fit manner. The side wall of the valve pocket is provided with a first oil opening, the side wall of the valve pocket is provided with a second oil opening and a third oil opening, the side wall of the cylinder body is provided with a fourth oil opening and a fifth oil opening, the center of the upper top end of the valve pocket is provided with a sixth oil opening, and the first oil opening, the second oil opening, the third oil opening, the fourth oil opening, the fifth oil opening and the sixth oil opening are connected with a hydraulic oil way system. The system is low in valve element weight, quick in responding, high in precision and high in hydraulic transmission efficiency.