The invention discloses a light inner wall and steel beam connection structure with self-tapping screws. The connection structure comprises a steel beam, an L-shaped clamping set and the self-tapping screws. The L-shaped clamping set comprises a first L-shaped clamp and a second L-shaped clamp. One end of the long edge of the first L-shaped clamp is connected with the steel beam through one self-tapping screw, the other end of the long edge of the first L-shaped clamp and the long edge of the second L-shaped clamp are connected with the steel beam through the remaining self-tapping screws, and a space is formed between the short edge of the first L-shaped clamp and the short edge of the second L-shaped clamp and used for containing a light inner wall board. Construction is convenient and fast, on-site assembly is easy and convenient, wet construction and pollution are avoided, and constructing site positioning is accurate; the connection structure can be directly completed in a factory, on-site workloads are reduced, construction efficiency is greatly improved, and industrial production can be easily achieved; connection is firmer, a lower flange of the steel beam looks more attractive, and the light inner wall and steel beam connection structure is suitable installing light inner walls and body structures of a multi-rise and high-rise steel structure building and is wide in adaptability.