The invention discloses a connecting structure of a steel structure column and a steel structure beam. The connecting structure comprises a second beam body, a connecting steel plate, first beam bodies and a column body, wherein the first beam bodies are installed on the two sides of the column body, and fixing steel plates are fixed to the sides, close to the column body, of the first beam bodies; the fixing steel plates are connected with the column body through first fixing bolts, and the column body is fixedly connected with the central positions of one sides of the fixing steel plates through fourth fixing bolts; carbon steel reinforced layers are arranged in the side walls of the second beam body, the first beam bodies and the column body, and rubber pressure resistance layers are arranged on the two sides of the carbon steel reinforced layers; and teflon corrosion resistance layers are coated on the outer sides of the second beam body, the first beam bodies and the column body.According to the connecting structure of the steel structure column and the steel structure beam, the column body, the first beam bodies, steel angles, the fixing steel plates, the first fixing bolts,third fixing bolts, and the fourth fixing bolts are installed to facilitate the fixed connection between the first beam bodes and the column body, and the tight connection is not prone to loosing.