The invention relates to a novel composite piston structure for a hydraulic cylinder. The novel composite piston structure comprises pressure-bearing surfaces, bearing tables, positioning rings, elastic sealing rings, a main bearing column, auxiliary bearing columns and pressure-bearing springs; and the bearing tables are symmetrically distributed at the two ends of the main bearing column aroundthe axis of the main bearing column, the positioning rings are wrapped outside the bearing tables, the pressure-bearing surfaces are mutually connected with the front end surfaces of the bearing tables through the pressure-bearing springs, and the auxiliary bearing columns are uniformly distributed around the axis of the main bearing column and are connected with the rear end surfaces of the two bearing tables correspondingly. According to the novel composite piston structure, on the one hand, the flexibility of the piston structure can be effectively improved, the self weight of a piston canbe reduced, and the fault repairing efficiency and the replacing capacity of parts of piston equipment can be effectively improved; and on the other hand, the use requirements of multiple hydraulic cylinder bodies with different structures can be effectively met, the movement efficiency of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder can be effectively improved, the movement resistance is reduced, the force transmission efficiency is improved, and therefore, the purpose of reducing the operation energy consumption is achieved.