The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting powder charging, and particularly relates to an open pit smooth blasting powder charging device and an operation method of the open pit smooth blasting powder charging device. The open pit smooth blasting powder charging device is composed of a powder bag clamping and fixing device and a powder charging device body. The powder bag clamping and fixing device is composed of a semicircle clamping tube, a semicircle top plate, a semicircle base plate and a self-locking type binding strip. The powder charging device body is composed of a slant plate, a foot base plate, a perpendicular semicircle sleeve, a stabilizing plate, a bottom stopping rod, a top stopping rod, a reel, a brake wheel, a brake belt, a foot brake plate, a pawl wheel, a hand brake handle and a rope. The open pit smooth blasting powder charging device is simple in structure, practical and convenient to use, the powder bag manufacturing process and the powder charging process are combined together, the number of operators is decreased, and the labor efficiency is greatly improved. According to the open pit smooth blasting powder charging device and the operation method, the phenomena of powder bunch (powder tube) packaging material damage and detonating fuse kinking in the powder charging process are further avoided, and the powder charging quality of blast holes can be improved. The open pit smooth blasting powder charging device and the operation method are suitable for popularization and application in surface mines.